As part of the teaching practice, 1st year doctoral students of the Department ofBiotechnology held a curatorial hour on the topic: "Biotechnology in the elimination of hunger."Sabyrzhan T.B., 1st year doctoral student of the specialty Biotechnology, presented his report onthis topic:Hunger is one of the most significant problems in the modern world. Currently, a hugenumber of people suffer from a lack of food, and the situation is aggravated by climate change andan increase in the population of the planet. However, biotechnology can help overcome thisproblem.One of the main causes of hunger is the uneven distribution of resources in countries. It is oftenobserved that in countries with low development and low income levels, a significant part of thepopulation cannot afford to buy enough food to maintain their health and survival. There are alsoproblems with the transportation and storage of food in these countries, leading to significant foodlosses. At the same time, in developed countries, the level of hunger is much lower due to a moreefficient system of food production and distribution. In addition, developed countries have greaterfinancial and technological power, which allows them to better deal with the problem of hunger. Theintroduction of biotechnological methods can play an important role in the fight against hunger in
underdeveloped countries. For example, the use of genetically modified crops can help increaseyields and reduce crop losses due to droughts, diseases and pests.One of the biotechnological ways to combat hunger is the genetic modification of plants. Genemodification allows you to create plants that can grow and thrive in more difficult conditions, suchas arid and harsh climatic zones. For example, genetic modification can create plants that toleratehigh temperatures and are more resistant to drought. Such plants will increase yields and reduce therisk of famine.Another method of biotechnological fight against hunger is the cultivation of plant cells andtissues in the laboratory. This method is called tissue culture. With the help of tissue culture, plantscan be grown in special conditions, without the need for land and large amounts of water. Inaddition, it allows you to speed up the process of growing plants, increase yields and reduceagricultural costs. Thus, tissue culture can be an effective tool in the fight against hunger.In addition, biotechnology can help increase the nutritional value of foods. For example, you cancreate plants rich in vitamins and minerals that will be more beneficial to the human body. It is alsopossible to increase the content of protein and other nutrients in plants in order to provide thepopulation with better food.Although biotechnological methods can help overcome hunger, ethical and economicconsiderations must be taken into account. Some people and organizations believe that geneticmodification can lead to unexpected consequences for the environment and human health. Inaddition, there is a risk of creating a dependency on certain plant varieties that may becomevulnerable to new diseases or climate change.It is also worth noting that the introduction of new biotechnological methods may requiresignificant financial and technological resources. This can be problematic for developing countrieswhere hunger is most acute.Despite these challenges, the use of biotechnology in the fight against hunger has significantpotential. If these methods are applied appropriately, significant results can be achieved inincreasing the yield and nutritional value of food. It is important to take into account environmental,ethical and social aspects to ensure the safety and effectiveness of these technologies.Thus, biotechnology has the potential to significantly reduce the problem of world hunger,but this requires further research and a careful approach to the introduction of new technologies.There is a theory that famine is associated with overpopulation, as population growth entailsan increased demand for food and resources, which can lead to food shortages. However, somestudies show that famine is not the result of overpopulation, but rather the result of an unfair andinefficient food distribution system. Moreover, many countries with a high population density do notsuffer from hunger due to an efficient system of food production, transportation and distribution.Japan and Hong Kong, for example, have very high population densities, yet cope with the problemof hunger due to their advanced economies and infrastructure. Thus, overpopulation is not the onlycause of world hunger, and addressing the problem of hunger requires a comprehensive approachthat includes not only biotechnological methods, but also political, economic and social reformsaimed at increasing theThe discussion was attended by teachers of the department Mukhataeva K.A., UltanbekovaG.D. and doctoral students of the department. Active participation was taken by students who askedquestions to the speaker and shared their thoughts on the report. availability of food and improvingpeople's living conditions.