PhD courses
Speciality Code:
8D05308
Speciality Name:
Nuclear Physics
Faculty:
of Physics and Technology
Qualification:
- Scientific and pedagogical direction - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
- Model of graduating student
- Mandatory disciplines
- Elective disciplines
- Professional
ON1 develop the annual and detailed plans; plan and conduct laboratory studies in general physics in accordance with the curriculum; critically assessing the results of training and education; develop systems of cognitive tasks;
ON2 form the professional and practical abilities and skills for teaching physics in elementary and secondary educational institutions and colleges using modern computer technologies, interactive teaching methods, and Internet resources;
ON3 carry out experiment and control studies in the field of nuclear physics, while showing skills in working with technical documentation of radiometric and spectrometric instruments and original scientific literature to solve technical and technological problems;
ON4 plan dosimetry support according to accepted methods of radiation medical procedures and ensure compliance with radiation and environmental safety;
ON5 mathematical models of physical phenomena and processes based on standard computer-aided design and research packages;
ON6 apply basic sanitary and epidemiological radiation safety standards for both personnel and the public. Experimentally determine alpha, beta and gamma background both indoors and in an open atmosphere.
ON7 calculate the radiation protection values and norms for the “hot” laboratory and research centers with cyclotron for PET machines, rooms with gamma cameras, SPECT and PET scanners, including SPECT / CT and PET / CT scanners, as well as “active” chambers in the radionuclide therapy unit.
ON8 perform calculations of nuclear reactions and nuclear decays parameters for the fundamental processes of cosmophysics, astrophysics, radioecology, nuclear diagnostics and therapy, radiation genetics;
ON9 have competence to build specific curricula according to the education progrram and publicly present theoretical and practical sections of physics in accordance with the approved teaching manuals;
ON10 to organize the students’ team work, to maintain activity and initiative in classwork, to foster the independence of students’ mind, and to develop their creative abilities;
ON11 to exhibit ability for the interdisciplinary practical applications of the laws of nuclear physics, general physics, nuclear chemistry, radiation biophysics and ecology;
ON12 to сomply with the ethical principles in all professional interactions with pupils, colleagues and society as a whole, regardless of ethnic characteristics, culture, gender, economic status.
ON2 form the professional and practical abilities and skills for teaching physics in elementary and secondary educational institutions and colleges using modern computer technologies, interactive teaching methods, and Internet resources;
ON3 carry out experiment and control studies in the field of nuclear physics, while showing skills in working with technical documentation of radiometric and spectrometric instruments and original scientific literature to solve technical and technological problems;
ON4 plan dosimetry support according to accepted methods of radiation medical procedures and ensure compliance with radiation and environmental safety;
ON5 mathematical models of physical phenomena and processes based on standard computer-aided design and research packages;
ON6 apply basic sanitary and epidemiological radiation safety standards for both personnel and the public. Experimentally determine alpha, beta and gamma background both indoors and in an open atmosphere.
ON7 calculate the radiation protection values and norms for the “hot” laboratory and research centers with cyclotron for PET machines, rooms with gamma cameras, SPECT and PET scanners, including SPECT / CT and PET / CT scanners, as well as “active” chambers in the radionuclide therapy unit.
ON8 perform calculations of nuclear reactions and nuclear decays parameters for the fundamental processes of cosmophysics, astrophysics, radioecology, nuclear diagnostics and therapy, radiation genetics;
ON9 have competence to build specific curricula according to the education progrram and publicly present theoretical and practical sections of physics in accordance with the approved teaching manuals;
ON10 to organize the students’ team work, to maintain activity and initiative in classwork, to foster the independence of students’ mind, and to develop their creative abilities;
ON11 to exhibit ability for the interdisciplinary practical applications of the laws of nuclear physics, general physics, nuclear chemistry, radiation biophysics and ecology;
ON12 to сomply with the ethical principles in all professional interactions with pupils, colleagues and society as a whole, regardless of ethnic characteristics, culture, gender, economic status.
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Physics of Energy Processes
- Number of credits: 5
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: the study of the transformations of nuclei in their interaction with neutrons at energies below the thresholds of the formation of mesons, as well as the acquisition of practical skills in solving a wide range of specific problems encountered in this discipline. Learning outcomes: - explain the fundamental possibility of practical application of the nuclear fission phenomenon; - know the methods of registration of neutral and charged particles; - understand the processes occurring in nuclear-physical research and power plants - determine nuclear accidents in laboratory and industrial conditions; - be able to work with low- and medium-active radioactive waste; 6. analyze the current state of affairs in scientific and technical terms in the area under study; - be able to understand the general laws of radioactivity; radiation sources; methods of measuring and quantifying them. - apply practical skills in solving problems of a given course, in particular, in calculations of the energy characteristics of reacting nuclei and nuclear fuel. When studying the discipline, doctoral students will study the following aspects: neutron physics, how various nuclear reactions were discovered and the development of their research right up to the present day. In addition to the detailed presentation of traditional nuclear reactions and their effective cross sections, attention has been paid to modern practical applications of nuclear reactions in reactor physics.
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Experimental High Energy Physics
- Number of credits: 5
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: is the study of physical processes that determine the principles of operation and features of the functioning of the main types of particle detectors used in modern nuclear physics experiment. Learning outcomes: - to classify the scientific principles of registration of high-energy particles using terrestrial and satellite registration systems; - solve the scientific and practical problems of the development of registration systems; - to evaluate modern scientific and technical problems, the solution of which is now topical and widely discussed in the international scientific community; - discuss the principle of operation of various facilities for the registration of hadron and rigid, as well as the electron-photon component of cosmic radiation. During the study of the discipline doctoral students will learn following aspects: The main physical quantities used in the description of phenomena occurring in the microworld. The Heaviside system and its connection to the GHS system. Planck units. Experimental equipment - accelerator complexes. Methods for measuring cross sections in different types of interactions. The method of measuring cross sections in cosmic rays.
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Academic writing
- Number of credits: 2
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: Objectives - study of writing scientific articles, abstracts, monographs, etc. , taking into account the specifics of scientific activities in the area of nuclear physics, both theoretical and experimental direction. Expected learning outcomes: - critically evaluate the results of scientific research; - generate new and complex goals, propose new hypotheses and solutions to scientific problems in the field of nuclear physics; - formulate scientific goals and objectives and find their solution; - develop their own projects, startups, in the field of nuclear physics on the basis of an independent approach of their own.
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Scientific Research methods
- Number of credits: 3
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: Objectives - the study of general and special research methods. General methods of scientific knowledge are used throughout the research process in the field of nuclear physics. Most special scientific problems and even individual stages of research require the use of special methods of solution. Such methods are very specific. They are never arbitrary, because they are determined by the nature of the object under study. Expected learning outcomes: - give a critical analysis, assessment and synthesis of new and complex ideas, approaches and trends in the field of nuclear physics; - evaluate the validity of the selected methods used in the course of scientific work; - formulate scientific goals and objectives and find their solutions; - carry out scientific experiments at reactors, accelerators, cyclotrons and medical equipment with radiation components and analyze the results using the latest scientific techniques.
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PhD thesis writing and defence
- Number of credits: 12
- Type of control: Докторская диссертация
- Description: The main purpose of "PhD thesis writing and defence": of a doctoral dissertation is the formation of the doctoral students' ability to disclose the content of research work for the defense of the thesis. During the study of course, doctoral student's should be competent in: 1. to substantiate the content of new scientifically grounded theoretical and experimental results that allow to solve a theoretical or applied problem or are a major achievement in the development of specific scientific directions; 2. explain the assessment of the completeness of the solutions to the tasks assigned, according to the specifics of the professional sphere of activity; 3. they can analyze alternative solutions for solving research and practical problems and assess the prospects for implementing these options; 4. apply the skills of writing scientific texts and presenting them in the form of scientific publications and presentations. 5. to plan and structure the scientific search, clearly highlight the research problem, develop a plan / program and methods for its study, formalize, in accordance with the requirements of the State Educational Establishment, the scientific and qualification work in the form of a thesis for a scientific degree Doctor of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) on specialty «8D07502 – Standardization and certification (by industry)». During the study of the discipline doctoral student will learn following aspects: Registration of documents for presentation of the thesis for defense. Information card of the dissertation and registration-registration card (in the format Visio 2003). Extract from the minutes of the meeting of the institution, in which the preliminary defense of the thesis took place. Cover letter to the Higher Attestation Commission. Expert conclusion on the possibility of publishing the author's abstract. Expert opinion on the possibility of publishing a dissertation. Minutes of the meeting of the counting commission. Bulletin for voting. A shorthand record of the meeting of the dissertational council. List of scientific papers. Response of the official opponent. A review of the leading organization. The recall of the scientific adviser.
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Additional chapters of scattering theory
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: learning the modern physics of atomic nuclei and quantum mechanics for systems consisting of few-particles and clusters Learning outcomes: - to demonstrate the obtained knowledge on the theory of scattering and computational methods in further research; - to classify modern computational methods in nuclear physics; - to solve scientific and practical problems of the theory of dispersion; - to substantiate in practice the set of theoretical principles and practical methods for considering various problems on the theory of scattering. During the study of the discipline doctoral students will learn following aspects: Formulation of scattering theory in terms of representation theory. The virial theorem. Continuous spectrum. Analytic properties of the wave function. Spectral theory. Applications of spectral theory. Translational representation for the solution of the wave equation in free space. Quantum oscillator under the influence of an external force. The scattering matrix. Wave function of a multichannel system. S matrix and its relation to the R-matrix. The Faddeev equations. The motion of two particles in an external pоtential field. Theory of weak interactions. Quasienergy of a system subjected to periodic action.
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Astrophysical and Nuclear Aspects of the Universe Evolution
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: familiarization of students with the basic nuclear-physical principles of the construction of nuclear energy and reactor auxiliary equipment and industry; with the basic radioecological concepts, laws and modern problems in the field of ensuring the radiation safety of the population in order to protect their health from the harmful effects of radiation. Learning outcomes: - integrate the knowledge gained previously - formulate interdisciplinary knowledge for modern scientific and technical problems that are relevant and widely discussed in the international scientific community; - discuss the principle of modeling and numerical calculation of astrophysical processes and components of cosmic radiation. - substantiate in practice the set of theoretical principles and practical methods for calculating the necessary experimental parameters. During the study of the discipline doctoral students will learn following aspects: The module provides a significant expansion and deepening of knowledge about the registration of cosmic radiation in the solar and geomagnetic fields, the principles of operation, design and characteristics of various cosmic radiation detectors, automation of the continuous registration of cosmic radiation.
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Clustering and crystallization of nuclei
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: the study of theoretical and experimental facts about clustering and crystallization of nuclei, and experimental evidence of their real existence, as well as the techniques used in conducting research experiments are considered. Learning outcomes: - theoretically describe the existence and dynamics of alpha clusters and multiclusters in accordance with experimental data; - choose a direct or indirect method for searching the multicluster structure of the nuclei; - describe the existence of alpha clusters and multiclusters in accordance with Lyapunov m-layers; - plan and prepare research and applied projects in the field of modern nuclear physics.
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Curvilinearnon-Euclideanspaces
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: the study of both classical non-Euclidean geometries of Lobachevsky and Riemann of any number of dimensions, and of any projective metrics. Give doctoral students a deep understanding of the laws of the microworld. A doctoral student should get a clear idea of the physical nature of phenomena, learn to interpret physical processes from the point of view of modern achievements of theory and experiment. The main attention should be paid to the fundamental general and approximate methods, so that the doctoral student knows the limits of their applicability and knows how to use them effectively in practice. Learning outcomes: - to explain the physical processes occurring in the microworld when nucleons move in the framework of a single-particle and collective model; - to generalize the nuclear spectroscopic data of specific nuclei within the framework of the Riemann geometry; - streamline the nuclear physical properties in accordance with the eight types of magic numbers; - to demonstrate the ability to collect, analyze and systematize experimental and theoretical data on curvilinear non-Euclidean space; to determine world trends of theoretical and practical development of curvilinear non-Euclidean geometry as applied to the field of physics (relativism of the megaworld and non-radiative closed motion in the microworld) During the study of the discipline doctoral students will learn following aspects: In this course of lectures for doctoral students there are selected chapters of non-Euclidean geometries of Lobachevsky and Riemann of any number of measurements and any projective metrics applied to modern problems of the microworld. The basics of tensor algebra and tensor analysis are studied. The basic conceptual apparatus of Riemann geometry is briefly considered as applied to modern nuclear physics. The expressions in the 4-dimensional space of mechanical quantities in tensor form are considered. A classification of potential physical fields and their main parameters are given: the gradient of the scalar field, the level surface, the vector lines of the vector field, the vector flux through the surface, the vector divergence, the contour integral in the vector field, and the vector rotor. Potential, vortex and purely vortex fields are considered.
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Parameterized Phase Analysis of Nuclear Processes
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: the study of the quantum bases of processing the results of the experiment on scattering and nuclear reactions, which are used in nuclear physics experiments at low and medium energies, as well as the methods used in the experiments. Learning outcomes: - to be able to combine stochastic and deterministic nuclear parameters within the framework of unified ideas about intranuclear movement; be able to formulate evidence of Euclidean V postulates taking into account new research in this area; - independently plan experiments to study nuclear-physical patterns; produce modeling using mathematical methods of various physical processes; - demonstrate the skills of independent research, the ability of creative understanding of the results obtained and the vision of new perspectives as a result of nuclear physics experiments; - plan and prepare research and applied projects in the field of modern nuclear physicist During the study of the discipline, doctoral students will learn the following aspects: Direct optical process in nuclear physics. Method for processing scattering experiments: a potential method. The principle of the method of processing experiments on scattering: S-matrix method. Optical scattering model. Woods-Saxon potential. Quantum scattering theory. Parameterized phase analysis.
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Statement of nuclear physics experiments in the study of exotic nuclei and correlation
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: the study of the quantum bases of processing the results of the experiment on scattering and nuclear reactions, which are used in nuclear physics experiments at low and medium energies, as well as the methods used in the experiments. Learning outcomes: - explain the current amount of knowledge about the structure of nuclei and the mechanisms of nuclear reactions on complex nuclei; - to generalize the classical models of the nuclear structure in the gas-dynamic (single-particle model) and liquid-drop models (variants of nuclear fission and heavy ionic radioactivity); - streamline the classification of nuclei into stable (along the Stability Tracks) and exotic in the region of neutron-deficient and neutron-excess radioactive isotopes; - to be able to combine stochastic and deterministic nuclear parameters within the framework of unified ideas about intranuclear movement; - demonstrate the skills of independent research, the ability of creative understanding of the results obtained and the vision of new perspectives as a result of nuclear physics experiments in applied fields;
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Relativistic Kinematics of Nuclear Reactions
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: This course is aimed at providing fundamental knowledge in the training of specialists in nuclear physics, in the field of nuclear physics, relativistic kinematics, capable of solving many complex, theoretical and practical problems of interdisciplinary research. During the study of the discipline doctoral students will learn following aspects: Classification of branches of particle physics. Energy zones. The dependence of scattering on energy and jump. Modern Intermediate Energy Physics. Kinematics of nuclear reactions. Classification of the reaction of scattering. Mandelstam variables. Description of cumulative processes. Other thresholds of inelastic reactions. Deep inelastic scattering. Parton model. The concept of quantum mechanics on the light front. Feynman variable. Armenteros-Podolyan criterion. Three-particle limit states. Dalits chart. Chau and Lou chart. Experimental physics and modeling. Prospects of modern physics of relativistic nuclei.
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Modern Physics of High Energy
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: This course is aimed at teaching fundamental physics in the field of modern physics, nuclear physics, capable of solving many complex, theoretical and practical problems of intersections of various scientific fields. Learning outcomes: - summarize the results of theoretical calculations of specific physical processes; - explain the theory of combining the weak and electromagnetic interaction as a single electroweak interaction; - to formulate the field theory of the strong interaction of quarks and gluons; - understand the patterns of behavior of the microworld and even the macroworld, which is manifested in cosmological applications of subatomic physics During the study of the discipline doctoral students will learn following aspects: Properties of fundamental interactions. Constant interaction and the results of their comparison. Constant of strong interaction. Experimental base of high energy physics. Methods for analyzing interaction processes. The coordinate system of the Lorentz transformation. Structure of matter. Physics of quarks. Big Bang Model. Astrophysics of elementary particles. Exotic particles. Higgs bosons. Supersymmetric particles. Magnetic monopoles. Cosmic rays. Actual questions of high energy physics of the XXI century. Physical vacuum.
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Modern computational methods in nuclear physics
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: learning the modern physics of atom nucleus and quantum mechanics of many-paticle systems. Learning outcomes: - use modern technologies in solving problems in nuclear physics; - analyze and implement the results obtained on the theory of scattering and computational methods of nuclear physics; - to argue the choice of a particular approach or method for solving a specific problem of nuclear physics; - discuss the principle of operation of computational methods of nuclear physics. During the study of the discipline doctoral students will learn following aspects: Introduction to the course ''Programming and computer calculations in physics''. Model of calculating. Arithmetic: the decomposition of integers into prime factors. modular arithmetic: division with remainder, deductions, comparisons and the Chinese remainder theorem. Multimedia: geometry, graphics, cinema, sound. Nuclear forces. Basic concepts of nuclear physics. Introduction to nuclear interactions and reactions. Gamma decay. Internal conversion and pair production. Radioactive decay Laws. Reaction kinematics. Some selected applications of nuclear physics. Electric quadrupole interaction. Conservation rules.
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The Theory of Gauge Fields
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: familiarity with the basic mathematical language, which is used to describe and analyze the physics of the gauge field. The goal of this course is to give a step-by-step introduction to this topic, covering all the key concepts that are necessary to understand the Abelian and non-Abelian gauge field theories and some of the extensions proposed to them. Learning outcomes: - practice the mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking; - to design a fundamental base of physical knowledge, on the basis of which in the future it will be possible to develop a deeper and more detailed study of all branches of physics; - explain the reasons for the manifestation of new symmetries in particle physics; - analyze the results of applying the field theory of elementary particles. During the study of the discipline doctoral students will learn following aspects: Scalar and vector fields. The general solution of Maxwell's equations in a vacuum. Non-Abelian gauge fields. Practical class 3. Compact Lie groups and algebras. Spontaneous breaking of global symmetry. Simplest topological solitons. Elements of homotopy theory. Magnetic monopoles. Nontopological solitons. Instantons and sphalerons in gauge theories. Fermions in background fields. Fermions and topological external fields in two-dimensional models. Classic solutions and functional integral.
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Functional methods in quantum field theory
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: is familiarity with the basic mathematical language, which is used to describe and analyze path integrals and functional methods, to provide a brief, phased introduction to this topic, which covers all the key concepts that are necessary to understand quantum field theory, and some of the extensions he proposed. Learning outcomes: - describe the current state of elementary particle physics and fundamental interactions within the framework of the standard model; - know the physical foundations of experimental studies of elementary particles and fundamental interactions; - apply the methods of quantum field theory, the theory of elementary particle symmetry in theoretical studies of physical phenomena; - have an idea of the theory of the great unification. During the study of the discipline doctoral students will learn following aspects: The path of integrals in quantum mechanics. Correlation functions, Feynman rules, functional derivatives and generating functional. Quantization of the electromagnetic field. Chiral symmetry of QCD. Formality of canonical quantization. Canonical quantization for fermions. Renormalization of mass and wave function in the theory of λφ4. The method of counting power. Dimensional regularization. Renormalization group. Effective coupling constants. Feynman rules in covariant calibrations. Ward identities and unitarity. Asymptotic freedom in QCD. Quantum anomalies and external currents.
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Nuclear-physical aspect of cosmic rays
- Type of control: [RK1+MT+RK2+Exam] (100)
- Description: The aim: familiarization of students with the basic nuclear-physical principles of the construction of nuclear energy and reactor auxiliary equipment and industry; with the basic radioecological concepts, laws and modern problems in the field of ensuring the radiation safety of the population in order to protect their health from the harmful effects of radiation. Learning outcomes: - demonstrate the knowledge gained when considering new tasks for registering cosmic rays; - to classify the scientific principles of the explanation of the origin of cosmic rays, that is, the search for astrophysical objects in which the spectrum of cosmic rays is generated; - use the knowledge gained to clarify the processes that lead to the formation of the primary spectrum; - critically analyze, evaluate and synthesize scientific and practical problems of the nuclear aspects of the evolution of the Universe. During the study of the discipline doctoral students will learn following aspects: The origin of cosmic rays. Introduction to high energy astrophysics. Interaction of cosmic rays with matter. High-energy photon interactions with matter. Nuclear interactions. Detectors of cosmic rays, x-rays and gamma radiation. Telescopes of cosmic rays, x-rays and gamma radiation. CL in the upper layers of the atmosphere. Broad air showers. The effects of the earth's magnetic field. The solar wind and its effect on the local flow of cosmic rays. Optical and radio astronomy. Tour of the Galaxy and beyond. The evolution of stars and galaxies. Acceleration of cosmic rays.
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Pedagogical
- Type of control: Защита практики
- Description: Aim оf discipline: formation of the ability to carry out educational activities in universities, to design the educational process and conduct certain types of training sessions using innovative educational technologies.
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Research
- Type of control: Защита практики
- Description: The purpose of the practice: gaining experience in the study of an actual scientific problem, expand the professional knowledge gained in the learning process, and developing practical skills for conducting independent scientific work. The practice is aimed at developing the skills of research, analysis and application of economic knowledge.