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Жарияланымның атауы

Баспадан жариялануы жөнінде мәліметтер

(doi статьи)

Мақаланың аннотациясы  

Сілтеме жасау үшін ақпарат (Т.Ә.Ж., мақала атауы, журналдың атауы, нөмері және/немесе шығарылымы, томы, бет нөмірі, мақаланың DOI)

1.

Anatomical peculiarities in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties under copper stress

URL ID http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=84983347868&origin=inward

(Q3 Plant Science)

ABSTRACT:

The effect of different concentrations (0.25 mM, 0.5 mM) of Cu2+ on anatomical parameters of leaves and roots was investigated in hydroponically grown five wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties (Kazakhstanskaya rannaya, Kazakhstanskaya-3, Melturn, Kaiyr and Shagala). The results showed that wheat varieties exposed to 0.5 mM Cu2+ exhibited significant alterations in anatomical structure of leaves and roots. The thickness of the upper and lower epidermis, diameter of vascular bundles of leaves of almost all varieties showed a tendency to decrease under copper stress. Our experiments showed an activation of defense responses in the root anatomical structure like exodermis thickening in some varieties in the presence of copper in growth medium as compared to the control. This indicates that copper ions increase the thickness of exodermis, which reduce the absorption of toxic elements by root cells. Copper stress caused a decrease in the thickness of the lower and upper epidermis to varying degrees and reduction in the diameter of vascular bundles of wheat leaves. Copper stress caused a reduction in endodermis thickness thereby decreasing the diameter of the central cylinder of wheat roots.

Atabayeva S., Atabayeva S., Nurmahanova A.,Akhmetova A., Narmuratova M., Asrandina S., Beisenova A., Alybayeva R., Lee T. Anatomical peculiarities in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties under copper stress// Pakistan Journal of Botany, Vol. 48, # 4, p. 1399 – 1405. - 2016

2

Electrophoretic identification of casein in various types of milk 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2017.348.352 ( Q4 Agricultural and biological sciences) 

ABSTRACT:

Casein proteins of camel milk were obtained from skimmed milk by sedimentation (pH 4.6) at 24°C. To sediment proteins from mare milk, pH was increased to 4.6 and milk was centrifuged at 45,000 rpm for 30 minutes at 4°C. The supernatant obtained after centrifugation was heated up to 30°C for further fractionation of whey proteins. The sedimented casein from camel and mare milk was cleaned with chromatography. Casein fractions were analyzed with the use of electrophoresis based on SDS-Na polyacrylamide. This analysis showed the presence of α- , β- and κ-caseins, as well as fractions of whey proteins, such as α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin in various types of milk and fermented products. Comparative study by the content of protein component of the casein complex in camel milk showed the following: αs-casein 31.5%, β-casein 64.5%, κ-casein 4%, in cow milk 40.12%, 24.28%, 27.93%, respectively and γ-casein amounts to 7.67%. 

Yelubaeva, M.Y., Buralkhiev, B.A., Serikbayeva, A.D., Narmuratova, M.H., Kenenbay, S.Y.//

Electrophoretic identification of casein in various types of milk

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, 2017, 17(4), стр. 348–352

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2017.348.352  

3

Effect of copper on physiological and biochemical peculiarities of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties 

http://www.pakbs.org/pjbot/

(IF=0.68; Q3 in Plant Science).

ABSTRACT:

The effect of different concentrations (0.25mM, 0.5mM) of Cu2+ on growth parameters were investigated in hydroponically grown five wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties (Kazakhstanskaya rannaya, Kazakhstanskaya-3, Melturn, Kaiyr and Shagala). Sensitive and tolerant wheat varieties were taken for other physiological and biochemical analysis: RWC, proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, photosynthetic pigments and peroxydase and superoxide dismutase activity. Wheat varieties exposed to 0.5mM Cu2+ exhibited significant growth reduction. The results showed that growth, physiological and biochemical parameters were significantly reduced at 0.5 mM Cu2+ compared to untreated control plants. Wheat varieties tolerant and sensitive to Cu2+ were identified. MDA content in tolerant variety was less as compared to varieties sensitive to copper. In tolerant variety photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, carotenoids) content was decreased to a less extent compared to sensitive varieties. The highest SOD and POD activity was observed at 0.5mM of copper 

Atabayeva S., Nurmahanova A., AsrandinaS.Sh.,   Alybayeva R.A., Meldebekova A. Effect of copper on physiological and biochemical peculiarities of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties // Pakistan journal of Botany. - 2017. -Vol. 49 (6). -P. 2189-2196. http://www.pakbs.org/pjbot/

4

Mutant Lines of Spring Wheat with Increased Iron, Zinc, and Micronutrients in Grains and Enhanced Bioavailability for Human Health  

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9692053

(IF=3.41; Q2 in Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology). 

ABSTRACT

Deficiency of metals, primarily Fe and Zn, affects over half of the world’s population. Human diets dominated by cereal products

cause micronutrient malnutrition, which is common in many developing countries where populations depend heavily on staple

grain crops such as wheat, maize, and rice. Biofortification is one of the most effective approaches to alleviate malnutrition.

Genetically stable mutant spring wheat lines (M7 generation) produced via 100 or 200 Gy gamma treatments to broaden genetic

variation for grain nutrients were analyzed for nutritionally important minerals (Ca, Fe, and Zn), their bioavailability, and grain

protein content (GPC). Variation was 172.3–883.0 mg/kg for Ca, 40.9–89.0 mg/kg for Fe, and 22.2–89.6 mg/kg for Zn. In mutant

lines, among the investigated minerals, the highest increases in concentrations were observed in Fe, Zn, and Ca when compared to

the parental cultivar Zhenis. Some mutant lines, mostly in the 100 Gy-derived germplasm, had more than two-fold higher Fe, Zn,

and Ca concentrations, lower phytic acid concentration (1.4–2.1-fold), and 6.5–7% higher grain protein content compared to the

parent. Variationwasdetectedfor themolar ratiosofCa:Phy, Phy:Fe, andPhy:Zn (1.27–10.41, 1.40–5.32, and1.78–11.78, respectively).

The results of this study show how genetic variation generated through radiation can be useful to achieve nutrient biofortification

of crops to overcome human malnutrition.

Kenzhebayeva, S., Abekova, A., Atabayeva, S., Asrandina S.Sh, Yernazarova G., Wang, Y., Borisjuk, N.. Mutant Lines of Spring Wheat with Increased Iron, Zinc, and Micronutrients in Grains and Enhanced Bioavailability for Human Health //BioMed Research International.  Volume 2019 |Article ID 9692053 https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9692053

5

Effect of cadmium on mineral composition of rice grain

DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2018.0001.31

(SCOPUS. SJR =0.151. Q3 in Agronomy and Crop Science).

ABSTRACT

The use of phosphate fertilizers plays a significant role in cadmium (Cd)

accumulation in the soil. In this regards the purpose of our work was to study the effect of

Cd on content of mineral elements in the grain of rice varieties. Plants were grown in pots

filled with soil, containing 2 mmol/kg of CdSO4. Cadmium was not found in rice grain.

The content of mineral elements in grain of rice varieties is decreased in the following

order (% of control) : Mg–Bakanaskyi (98) > Madina (93) > Chapsari (86%) > Barakat (84);

Mn–Bakanaskyi (85) > Chapsari (72) > Madina (71) > Barakat (64); Fe– Madina (89) >

Bakanaskyi (72) > Chapsari (57) > Barakat (48); Zn–Madina (93) > Bakanaskyi (87) =

Chapsari (87) > Barakat (85); Cu–Chapsari (90) > Bakanaskyi (89) > Madina (83) > Barakat

(73). Cadmium decreased the content of necessary mineral elements in rice grain. Content

of Mg and Mn decreased in the least degree in Bakanaskyi cv; Fe and Zn content – in

Madina variety; Cu content – in Chapsari cv. Under cadmium stress content of mineral

elements decreased in the greatest degree in Barakat and Chapsari cvs.

Atabayeva S.D., Nurmakhanova   A., Yernazarova G.E., Asrandina S.Sh, Aybayeva R.A., Turasheva S.K., Ablaikhanova N.T., Tynybekov B., Fei L Effect   of cadmium on mineral composition of rice grain // Research on Crops. - 2018. - Vol.19.N4. - Р. 569-576.

DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2018.0001.31

6

The Possibility of Use of Oil Seed Plants and Grasses for Phytoremediation

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99651-6_13

ABSTRACT

The possibility of using oilseed plants which have great biomass and have ability to accumulate large amounts of heavy metals is discussed. It was studied the metal accumulation ability of sunflower plants (Helianthus annus L.) and mixture grass species of Poa pratensis, Lolium perenne, and Festuca rubra, grown on the territory of the metallurgic plants in East Kazakhstan. It was showed that Zn in the plant parts studied species is accumulated in greatest amount, but Cd is found in the lowest amount. The shoot/root ratio of Cd and Cu in sunflower was higher than that of Zn and Pb, and, on the contrary, for grass species the shoot/root ratio of Pb and Zn was greatest as compare to Cd and Cu. The percentage of Pb was greatest in the shoots and roots of the studied plants, and the smallest percentage of Cd was also found. The removal of Cu and Cd by shoots of sunflower was more and the removal of Pb and Zn was lower than that of lawn grasses. The degree of soil purification by sunflower plants was higher for all metals tested than for lawn grasses. It was concluded that sunflower plants can be successfully used for phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals in Kazakhstan Anthropogenic pollutants, like heavy metals, are one of the prevailing polluting agents that cause various human diseases, entering to the organisms through food chain through contamination of vegetation and soil. The search for effective methods of remediation of technogeneously polluted soils is an important environmental problem in Kazakhstan. Actuality of the problem is connected with the contamination of the soil with heavy metals, in particular the area around the metallurgical plants and tailing dumps. One of the ways to prevent pollution of the environment is phytoremediation. The use of plant hyperaccumulators in phytoremediation process in Kazakhstan has some limitations like the low biomass of these plants and the absence of plant species hyperaccumulators of heavy metals adaptive to local environment. The possibility of using oilseed plants which have great biomass and have ability to accumulate large amounts of heavy metals is discussed. The cereal grass species which are tolerant to high concentrations of heavy metals in soils may be considered as phytoremediants of polluted soils. The ability to accumulate great biomass of aboveground organs and roots and capability of accumulating great amounts of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd of sunflower plants, planted on the territory of metallurgic factory, were shown. The ability of grass species to accumulate large amounts of heavy metals mainly in the roots is discussed.

Atabayeva S. (2018) The Possibility of Use of Oil Seed Plants and Grasses for Phytoremediation. In: Ansari A., Gill S., Gill R., R. Lanza G., Newman L. (eds) Phytoremediation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99651-6_13

7

Screening of spring wheat varieties for resistance against copper and lead uptake in a contaminated soil

DOI: 10.30848/PJB2019-5(38)

(IF=0.68; Q3 in Plant Science

Abstract

The best way to obtain clean crop products on soils polluted with heavy metals is to identify and use varieties that concentrate small amount of heavy metals in the consumed parts of plants. In this regard, varieties of spring wheat under the conditions of the East Kazakhstan region, the metallurgical center of Kazakhstan, were studied to identify metal-resistant forms that could be recommended to production and selection process. 10 zoned varieties of spring wheat were studied. The experiments were performed in the field conditions of natural pollution of the soil with copper and lead. The following was studied: content of heavy metals in the soil of the root zone and in plant seeds, the survival rate during the spring-summer growing season, the yeld and its structure. Studies have shown that copper accumulates in the seeds and its content exceeds the MPC from 1.3 to 1.8 times in almost all genotypes, except for the Kutulukskaya and Ulbinka-25 varieties. Lead also accumulates in the seeds of wheat and its content exceeds the MPC from 3 to 8 times in almost all variants, except for the varieties Erythrospermum-616 and Kutulukskaya. The Glubochanka variety has the highest survivability - 98.6%. The harvest is greatest for the Ulbinka-25, Glubochanka and Erythrospermum-616 and Altai varieties of spring wheat 300-317 g/m2. The Ulbinka-25 variety can be recommended for cultivation on soils polluted with copper, and Erythrospermum-616 variety - lead, as this variety accumulates the least of all the corresponding metal in the seeds and at the same time is characterized by high yield and good survival during the spring-summer growing season. Kutuluka variety can be recommended for cultivation on soils polluted with copper and lead

Alybayeva R., Kruzhaeva, V., Serbayeva, A., Atabayeva S.D., Asrandina, S., Inelova, Z. Screening of spring wheat varieties for resistance against copper and lead uptake in a contaminated soil //Pakistan Journal of Botany. - 2019.51(5).- P. 1-8

DOI: 10.30848/PJB2019-5(38)

8

Phytomanagement: perspectives of using of phytoremediation technology in Kazakhstan

DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015901003

Abstract

The content of heavy metals around the metallurgical plants of East Kazakhstan in the soil and plants growing around these plants was studied. It was determined the concentration of heavy metals in soils, plant organs, it was calculated bioconcentration factor and the level of extraction of heavy metals by sunflower and lawn grasses. The study of sunflower plants and lawn grasses showed that the studied species accumulated a significant amount of heavy metals mainly in the roots. Sunflower plants and lawn grasses had high accumulation activity and accumulated a significant amount of heavy metals in their organs. Determination of the content of heavy metals in the soil showed a significant removal of heavy metals from the soil, which indicates a high degree of phytoextraction of heavy metals by the studied plant species.

Saule Atabayeva^*, Saule Kenzhebayeva, Ravilya Alybayeva, Saltanatm Аsrandina and Sabina Shoinbekova Phytomanagement: perspectives of using of phytoremediation technology in Kazakhstan// E3S Web Conf.- 2020.-

Vol. 159.- Article Number 0100 Number of page - 12

The 1st International Conference on Business Technology for a Sustainable Environmental System (BTSES-2020) Chapter 1: Global Environmental Change and Environmental Management

DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015901003

9

Response of plants to cadmium stress

https://doi.org/10.26577 /ijbch.2020.v13.il .11

Abstract

In this article we discuss cadmium pollution in the environment and the various ways plants take up cadmium and respond to its accumulation. The increased development of metallurgical and mining industries is primarily responsible for the increases in cadmium pollution in the environment. Another significant source of cadmium contamination of agricultural plants is the widespread use of phosphorus fertilizers, which contain cadmium. Cadmium reduces the growth and development of plants. Cadmium in the soil also competes with the basic essential mineral elements thereby reducing their uptake by plants. This article reviews the published data on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of cadmium uptake by plants, its metabolic transformations, effects on nutrient status of plants, modulation of cadmium response by polyamines and amino acids, and the growth of plants. Strategies to reduce cadmium uptake and accumulation are also discussed.

Atabayeva S.D., Minocha S.,  Minocha R., Rakhymgozhina A., Nabieva A., Nurmahanova A.S., Kenzhebayeva S.S., Alybayeva R.A.

Response of plants to cadmium stress//

International     journal of Biology and Chemistry- 2020. - 13 N1 -P. 109-117

10

Iron-deficiency response and differential expression of iron homeostasis related genes in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) mutant lines with increased grain iron content

https://doi.org/10.1071/CP21136

(IF=2,286; Q1 in Agronomy and Crop Science )

ABSTRACT

Iron (Fe) is essential for plant growth and human health. Fe deficiency reduces yield and quality traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Grains of modern bread wheat varieties contain low levels of Fe, and Fe uptake and translocation in wheat grown in Fe conditions have not been studied in detail. This study investigates Fe homeostasis and biofortification in genetically stable spring wheat Almaken and Zhenis M₅ mutant lines, developed with 200 Gy for higher grain Fe content. Mutant lines and parents were analysed for the expression of genes involved in Fe homeostasis under normal and deficient Fe. Wheat homologues of genes that participated in phytosiderophore (PS) synthesis and transport were significantly upregulated in the Fe-limited roots of Almaken M/1 and both Zhenis M/2 mutant lines, emphasising the role of deoxymugineic acid (DMA) in iron acquisition. The combined overexpression of SAMS, NAS1, TaNAAT, DMAS and TOM was also revealed in the roots of Almaken M/1 and both Zhenis M5 mutant lines, suggesting their involvement in PS synthesis, Fe chelation and transport. Under Fe deficiency, levels of TaYS1A encoding the wheat homologues of the metal-NA transporter YSL, also showed 2.6-, 5.1- and 5.9-fold increases in the roots of Almaken M/1 and both Zhenis M5 mutant lines, respectively. Vacuolar iron transporters (VIT2), natural resistance associated-macrophage protein (NRAMP) genes and the transcription factor basic-loop-helix (bHLH) were significantly upregulated under Fe starvation in shoots. Fe-deficiency-related genotype-dependent and tissue-specific gene expression differences provide new insights into genes involved in iron homeostasis and biofortification genes in wheat.

Kenzhebayeva S.S.,   Atabayeva S.D., Sarsu F.

Iron-deficiency response and differential expression of iron homeostasis related genes in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) mutant lines with increased grain iron content// Crop and Pasture Science 

- 2021 Published online: 27 October 2021

https://doi.org/10.1071/CP21136

https://www.publish.csiro.au/cp/CP21136

11

Kinetically modelled approach of xanthan production using different carbon sources: A study on molecular weight and rheological properties of xanthan

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.163

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Abstract

The present study emphasizes improving the overall yield, productivity and quality of xanthan by Xanthomonas campestris using different carbon sources via optimizing the fermentation media and kinetic modelling work. After optimization, six carbon sources and one nitrogen source were selected for xanthan production in 5 L bioreactor. Kinetic modelling was applied to assess the experimental fermentation data and to check its influence on scale-up production. In this work, xanthan production reached 40.65 g/L with a growth-associated rate constant (α) of 2.831, and highest specific growth rate (μm) of 0.37/h while using maltose as the sole carbon source. Furthermore, rheological properties were determined, and Herschel-Bulkley model was employed to assess the experimental data. Interestingly, xanthan obtained from sucrose and glucose showed the highest yield stress (τ₀) of 12.50 ± 0.31 and 7.17 ± 0.21. Moreover, the highest xanthan molecular weight of 3.53 × 10⁷ and 3.25 × 10⁷ g/mol were also found with sucrose and glucose. At last, the proposed mechanism of sugar metabolism and xanthan biosynthesis pathway were described. Conclusively, maltose appeared as the best carbon source for maximum xanthan production: while sucrose and glucose gave qualitatively best results. In short, this systematically modelled approach maximizes the potential output and provides a solid base for continuous cultivation of xanthan at large-scale production.

Ali Mohsin^a1 Kanagat Akbota Akyliyaevna^ab1 Waqas QamarZaman^c Muhammad HammadHussain^a Muhammad ZubairMohsin^a SarahAl-Rashed^d XinTan^a XiweiTian^a KistaubayevaAida^b MuhammadTariq^e Muhammad SalmanHaider^fg Imran MahmoodKhan^h SobiaNiazi^h YingpingZhuang^a MeijinGuo^a

Kinetically modelled approach of xanthan production using different carbon sources: A study on molecular weight and rheological properties of xanthan.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.163

12

Antifungal activity against pathogens of cereals and characterization of antibiotics of streptomyces sp. Strain k-541 isolated from extreme ecosystems in Kazakhstan

Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiyathis link is disabled, 2018, 53(1), стр. 96–102

The general requirement for biologicals is that they must be insensitive to climate change and soil conditions, including soil physicochemical composition, fertility levels, and pH values. Actinomycetes isolated from extreme habitats are able to produce biologically active substances not only under neutral conditions but also in saline, alkaline and acidic environments, which determines their importance in the biopreparations, being developed for plant protection. This study is the first to report the Streptomyces sp. strain K-541 antibiosis against the causative agents of several cereal fungal infections under various environmental conditions and the identification of the antibiotic produced. Streptomyces sp. strain K-541 isolated from extreme ecosystems of Kazakhstan was cultured under neutral (pH 7.0) and alternative growth conditions at 25.0 g/l NaCl (pH 7.2) or 2.5 g/l Na₂CO₃ (pH 8.0). Antifungal activity was determined in agar block diffusion experiments and under paired co-incubation with phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc., F. oxysporum Schlecht., F. heterosporum Nees, F. sporotrichiella Sherb., Piricularia oryzae Cavara, Alternaria triticina Prasada & Prabhu, A. alternate (Fr.) Keissl., Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker, and Aspergillus niger van Tieghem. For antibiotic A-541 production, the strain was cultured on an orbital shaker (180-200 rpm) for 120 hours at 28°C. The antibiotic was extracted with organic solvents and analyzed using thin layer chromatography and spectrophotometry. The studies have shown high antifungal activity of K-541 against all the phytopathogens examined. After 72 hour incubation at 25°C the growth inhibition zones were 20-56 mm in diameter depending on growth conditions which simulated different ecological niches. In co-culturing the strain K-541 and the phytopathogenic fungi, the fungal colonies decreased 1.8-2.7 times in diameter indicating the possibility of K-541 introduction into soil biocenoses for biocontrol of cereal fungal pathogens. High inhibition of growth was also observed under saline (2% NaCl) and alkaline (0.2% Na₂CO₃) conditions. The antibiotic produced by strain K-541 was classified as a member of polyene group, a subgroup of the hexaenes. So strain K-541 is recognized as promising for the development of a new biopreparation with fungicidal activity against causal agents of cereal fungal infections under different environmental conditions.

Antifungal activity against pathogens of cereals and characterization of antibiotics of streptomyces sp. Strain k-541 isolated from extreme ecosystems in Kazakhstan

Trenozhnikova, L.P., Balgimbaeva, A.S., Ultanbekova, G.D., Galimbaeva, R.Sh.

Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiyathis link is disabled, 2018, 53(1), стр. 96–102

13

Medium Optimization for Enhanced Collagenase Production by Aspergillus Fungi

Annals of Agri Bio Researchthis link is disabled, 2019, 24(2), стр. 273–276

Collagenases are among the most important hydrolytic enzymes which have great potential in various industrial processes such as leather, detergent, textile, etc. Although many microorganisms produce this enzyme, in the recent period the most commonly used for their industrial application are Aspergillus fungi. Among media components, the carbon and nitrogen sources are the valuable nutritional factors for costefficient enzyme production. The aim of the present study was the selection of suitable carbon and nitrogen sources of Aspergillus awamori 16 and Aspergillus awamori 22 mixed cultures for maximal production of extracellular protease. Sucrose (4.2 U/ml) and peptone (4.8 U/ml) were found as the best carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively.

Blieva, R., Suleimenova, Z.H., Ultanbekova, G., ...Altybaeva, N., Nurmahanova, A.

Medium optimization for enhanced collagenase production by aspergillus fungi // Annals of Agri Bio Researchthis link is disabled, 2019, 24(2), стр. 273–276

14

Cell immobilization for efficient enzymes production

EurAsian Journal of BioSciencesthis link is disabled, 2020, 14(1), стр. 2075–2078

Cells catalysis is efficient methodology that has been extensively applied in various biological processes. However, industrial strains are vulnerable to environmental change, leading to poor stability and productivity. In this regards, large potentialities are embedded in immobilized cells. In particular, the immobilization techniques are of great significance in improving the catalytic performance of natural biocatalysts. Effective method of enzyme production by immobilization of microbial cells on solid career in submerged conditions has been developed. It was determined that design of proposed equipment gives the opportunity to increase enzymatic activity of immobilized cells compared to free cells by several times. A cultivation of Aspergillus oryzae M has been carried out for 49 days by immobilization of fungal cells in submerged conditions of growth. Enzymatic activity was enhanced significantly after 6 days of cultivation of immobilized cells and keeps the same value for 49 days of fungal cultivation. The alpha-amylase activity has been increased to 696 U/ml.

Blieva, R., Suleimenova, Z., Kalieva, A., ...Tynybekov, B., Sydykbekova, R. Cell immobilization for efficient enzymes production

EurAsian Journal of BioSciencesthis link is disabled, 2020, 14(1), стр. 2075–2078

15

The interaction of miR-5p and miR-3p with the mRNAs of orthologous genes

DOI: 10.1134/S0026893319040174

(IF=1,374).

miRNAs regulate the expression of many genes and are involved in the development of diseases. We studied miRNAs that interact partly or fully complementarily with the 5'UTR, CDS and 3'UTR of mRNAs of target genes. The MirTarget program used in this study allows for the discovery of miRNA binding sites (BS) in the entire nucleotide sequence of the mRNA and for determining the characteristics of the interactions of miRNAs with mRNAs. We identified five pairs of fully complementary BS for miR-127-5p and miR-127-3p, miR-136-5p and miR-136-3p, miR-431-5p and miR-431-3p, miR-432-5p and miR-432-3p, and miR-433-5p and miR-433-3p in the CDS of the human and animal mRNA of RTL1 gene. The fully complementary BS for miR-6720-5p, miR-6720-3p were identified in the CDS of the FOXF2 gene; BS for miR-3187-5p, miR-3187-3p were found in the CDS of the PLPPR3 gene; BS for miR-4665-5p, miR-4665-3p were found in the 5′UTR of the KIAA2026 gene; BS for miR-135a-5p, miR-135a-3p were found in the 3′UTR of the GLYCTK gene; BS for miR-7106-5p, miR-7106-3p were found in the 3′UTR of the CCDC42B gene. The miRNA-5p and miRNA-3p associated with the RTL1 gene have BS in the mRNAs of 32 target human genes. The miRNA-5p and miRNA-3p associated with the FOXF2, PLPPR3, KIAA2026, GLYCTK and CCDC42B genes have BS in the mRNAs of 27 target genes, involved in development of several diseases. Nucleotide sequences of miRNA-5p and miRNA-3p and BS are conserved over tens of millions of years of divergence of the studied animal species. Binding characteristics of miR-3120-3p and miR-3120-5p, miR-196b-3p and miR-196b-5p, miR-125a-3p and miR-125a-3p, let-7e-3p and let-7e-5p, miR-99b-3p in fully complementary BS of non-coding DMN3OS, HOXA10-AS, SPACA6P-AS genes have been established.

Yurikova OY, Aisina DE, Niyazova RE, Atambayeva SA, Labeit S, Ivashchenko AT. [The Interaction of miRNA-5p and miRNA-3p with the mRNAs of Orthologous Genes]. Mol Biol (Mosk). 2019 Jul-Aug;53(4):692-704. Russian. doi: 10.1134/S0026898419040189. PMID: 31397443.

15

Fc Receptor is Involved in NK Cell Functional Anergy Induced by Miapaca2 Tumor Cell Line

DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1813757

(IF=3.657)

Impaired NK cytotoxicity has been linked to poor cancer prognosis, but its mechanisms are not clearly established. Increasing data demonstrate that NK cells lose cytotoxicity after interaction with NK cellsensitive tumor cells. In this paper, we provide evidence that the human adenocarcinoma cell line MiaPaCa2 and TNFα and TGFβtreated MiaPaCa2 cultures (MiaPaCa2-TT) induced functional anergy of NK cells via FGL2 protein. MiaPaCa2-TT cultures decreased expression of IFNγ, CD107a, DNAM-1, and stimulated expression of PD1 by NK cells, as well as inhibited their cytotoxic activity in a greater manner compared to the parental culture. More importantly, we found that cocultivation with anergized NK cells decreased expression of IFNγ and CD107a by naïve NK cells, which supports the hypothesis of NK cell functional anergy transmission. The obtained results suggest a mechanism by which tumor cells may inhibit cytotoxic functions of tumor-infiltrating and circulating NK cells in cancer

Yekaterina O. Ostapchuk, Yuliya V. Perfilyeva, Aikyn Kali, Raikhan Tleulieva, Oxana Yu. Yurikova, Gulshan E. Stanbekova, Boris V. Karalnik & Nikolai N. Belyaev (2020) Fc Receptor is Involved in Nk Cell Functional Anergy Induced by Miapaca2 Tumor Cell Line, Immunological Investigations, DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1813757

16

Draft genome sequence of Cyanobacterium sp. strain IPPAS B-1200 with a unique fatty acid composition

doi: 10.1128/genomeA.01306-16

Genome Announcement 2016, vol.4 issue 6, (IF- 1.3, Scopus) e01306-16

ABSTRACT :

Here, we report the draft genome of Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS strain B-1200, isolated from Lake Balkhash, Kazakhstan, and characterized by the unique fatty acid composition of its membrane lipids, which are enriched with myristic and myristoleic acids. The approximate genome size is 3.4 Mb, and the predicted number of coding sequences is 3,119.

A. Starikov, M. Sinetova, A. Usserbayeva, Sarsekeyeva F.K, B. Zayadan, V. Ustinova, E. Kupriyanova, D. Los, and K. Mironov. Draft genome sequence of Cyanobacterium sp. strain IPPAS B-1200 with a unique fatty acid composition // Genome Announcement. – 2016. – Vol. 4 issue 6. – P.242-236

http://genomea.asm.org/content/4/6/e01306-16.full.pdf
doi: 10.1128/genomeA.01306-16

17

Prospects for the creation of a waste-free technology for wastewater treatment and utilization of carbon dioxide based on cyanobacteria for biodiesel production.

Journal of Biotechnology. - 2020. - (Q1, H index-147, SJR-0.99, Percentile-90)

doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.10.010

Current fresh water and energy shortage determines the need to study the possibilities of using living objects in bioenergy and environmental purification technologies. The development of waste-free technologies allows waste recycling, which saves raw materials and energy, in turn, reducing waste generation. The effect of different carbon dioxide concentrations and wastewater from households on the growth of cyanobacteria was studied in order to determine their capabilities in the purification processes. It was found that the optimal CO₂ concentration for the cultivation of cyanobacteria Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200 and Desertifilum sp. IPPAS B-1220 was 10 %, and for the Cyanobacterium aponinum IPPAS B-1201 – 5%. It was revealed that the cultivation of the cyanobacterium Cyanobacterium sp. IPPASB-1200 on wastewater from the water storage reduces the concentration of organic pollutants and, accordingly, improves the physicochemical properties of water. The cleaning percentage for selected pollutants was 68–100 %. It was shown that the most optimal ratio of wastewater to nutrient media for cyanobacteria cultivation were 25:75 and 50:50. The lipid content (%/dry weight) in the biomass of the studied strains of cyanobacteria ranges from 15 to 22% after cultivation in wastewater. It was determined that the strains of Cyanobacterium genus were the most suitable for the production of biodiesel according to their fatty acids composition. It was determined that lipids were composed of only saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. As a result of the studies, the optimal conditions for the growth of Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200 were determined. This microorganism has a good potential to produce biodiesel as a producer of saturated and monounsaturated middle-chain-length fatty acids.

Kenzhegul Bolatkhan, Assem K. Sadvakasova, Bolatkhan K. Zayadan, Ardak B. Kakimova, Fariza K. Sarsekeyeva, Bekzhan D. Kossalbayev, Ayshat M. Bozieva, Saleh Alwasel, Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev. // Journal of Biotechnology. – 2020- 324, pp. 162-170. 

www.elsevier.com/locate/jbiotec
doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.10.010

18

Bacterial endophytes of Trans-Ili Alatau region's plants as promising components of a microbial preparation for agricultural use

• ·         DOI: (Q2)

In this study, 382 isolates of bacterial endophytes from tissues of plants grown in the foothills and piedmont plains of the Trans-Ili Alatau were isolated. It was found that certain strains actively produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in a medium containing l-tryptophan. Among the strains studied, 26 strains (66%) showed a positive response to production of IAA. Bacteria synthesized IAA in the range of 18.6 ± 1.1 to 82.4 ± 2.3 µg/ml. IAA was synthesized more actively by Streptosporangium sp. KK1 (44.1 µg/ml), Rhodococcus sp. KK 2 (42.5 µg/ml), Streptomyces tendae KK3 (44.9 µg/ml) strains. The most active auxin's producer is a Jeotgalicoccus halotolerans BAK1 strain, whose total level of IAA production reached 82.4 µg/ml. Such strains as Streptomyces griseorubiginosis KK4, Streptomyces sp. KK5 and Jeotgalicoccus halotolerans BAK1 were found to have a significant stimulating effect which was reflected in the increase of the length of the roots of soybean and barley. As a result, 8 promising strains with fungicidal, growth-stimulating, phosphorus dissolving and enzymatic activities were selected for the further development of highly microbiological preparations for crop research.

Mukasheva, T., Berzhanova, R., Ignatova, L., ...Sydykbekova, R., Shigaeva, Bacterial endophytes of Trans-Ili Alatau region's plants as promising components of a microbial preparation for agricultural use // M.Acta Biochimica Polonicathis link is disabled, 2016, 63(2), стр. 321–328

• ·         DOI: 

19

Bacterial Cellulose and Pullulan from Simple and Low Cost Production Media

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj866 (Q3)

Abstract:

In this study, the production rate of both water-insoluble EPS, bacterial cellulose, and water-soluble EPS, P, was improved through сultivation of their producers on a nutrient media containing industrial wastes, and their material properties were analyzed. The growth rate and productivity of Gluconoacetobacter xylinus C3 strain on media with industrial wastes was investigated. An optimal nutrient medium based on molasses was selected for the bacterial cellulose producer. The nutrient medium contains 2% molasses, 1% yeast extract and peptone in a 1: 1 ratio, 0.3% sodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1% citric acid and 1% ethanol. Cultivation of Gluconoacetobacter xylinus C3 strain on this medium for 7 days at 25–30 °С ensures its high productivity – 8.21 g/L. The composition of the optimized medium with molasses provides high mechanical properties (tensile strength – 37.12 MPa and relative elongation at break – 3.28%) of bacterial cellulose and does not affect the polymer microfibrillar structure. A modified Czapek-Dox medium with 10% molasses and 1% peptone is preferable for the exopolysaccharide accumulation by A. pullulans C8 strain. The optimized media has an advantage over the traditionally used media in terms of the efficiency of exopolysaccharide accumulation and cost reduction. The pullulan yield in media was 10.08 g/l, that is 1.5 times higher than in a standard Czapek-Dox medium. The surface morphology and microstructure of the pullulan samples obtained on different media showed minor changes. Therefore, the replacement of carbon source for molasses in a Czapek-Dox media for pullulan production did not alter the polymer content and viscosity.

Shokatayeva D., Ignatova L., Savitskaya I., Kistaubaeva A., Talipova A., Asylbekova A., Abdulzhanova M., Mashzhan A. Bacterial Cellulose and Pullulan from Simple and Low Cost Production Media // Eurasion chemico-technological journal. – 2019. - №21. – P. 247-258

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj866

20

Antimicrobial and wound healing properties of a bacterial cellulose based material containing B. subtilis cells

DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02592

(Q1)

Abstract:

A biocomposite composed of bacterial cellulose (BC) gel-film and Bacillus subtilis (BS) cells was obtained and characterized with a view to future biomedical applications. The inclusion of functional ingredient (10¹⁰/g viable BS cells) in the composite was carried out by their joint aggregation with the BC gel-film. Immobilized BS cells displayed high antagonistic activity towards causative agents of wound infections such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Application of the BC/BS-biocomposite for the treatment of excision wounds, performed on laboratory animals, stimulated reparative processes and shortened the healing time. Possible mechanisms of the wound-healing effect of BC/BS gel films are discussed. In this work we claim that the developed BC/BS-material can be positioned as a universal wound coating and sanitary-hygienic product.

Savitskaya I.S., Shokatayeva D.H., Kistaubaeva A.S., Ignatova L.V., Digel I.E. Antimicrobial and wound healing properties of a bacterial cellulose based material containing B. subtilis cells // Heliyon. – 2019. – №5. – P. 1-11.

21

The Interaction of miRNA-5p and miRNA-3p with the mRNAs of Orthologous Genes

DOI: 10.1134/S0026893319040174 (19% 106/131
Biophysics).

Abstract– miRNAs regulate the expression of many genes and are involved in the development of diseases. We studied miRNAs that interact partly or fully complementarily with the 5'UTR, CDS and 3'UTR of mRNAs of target genes. The MirTarget program used in this study allows for the discovery of miRNA binding sites (BS) in the entire nucleotide sequence of the mRNA and for determining the characteristics of the interactions of miRNAs with mRNAs. We identified five pairs of fully complementary BS for miR-127-5p and miR-127-3p, miR-136-5p and miR-136-3p, miR-431-5p and miR-431-3p, miR-432-5p and miR-432-3p, and miR-433-5p and miR-433-3p in the CDS of the human and animal mRNA of RTL1 gene. The fully complementary BS for miR-6720-5p, miR-6720-3p were identified in the CDS of the FOXF2 gene; BS for miR-3187-5p, miR-3187-3p were found in the CDS of the PLPPR3 gene; BS for miR-4665-5p, miR-4665-3p were found in the 5′UTR of the KIAA2026 gene; BS for miR-135a-5p, miR-135a-3p were found in the 3′UTR of the GLYCTK gene; BS for miR-7106-5p, miR-7106-3p were found in the 3′UTR of the CCDC42B gene. The miRNA-5p and miRNA-3p associated with the RTL1 gene have BS in the mRNAs of 32 target human genes. The miRNA-5p and miRNA-3p associated with the FOXF2, PLPPR3, KIAA2026, GLYCTK and CCDC42B genes have BS in the mRNAs of 27 target genes, involved in development of several diseases. Nucleotide sequences of miRNA-5p and miRNA-3p and BS are conserved over tens of millions of years of divergence of the studied animal species. Binding characteristics of miR-3120-3p and miR-3120-5p, miR-196b-3p and miR-196b-5p, miR-125a-3p and miR-125a-3p, let-7e-3p and let-7e-5p, miR-99b-3p in fully complementary BS of non-coding DMN3OS, HOXA10-AS, SPACA6P-AS genes have been established.

Yurikova O. Yu., Aisina D. E., Niyazova R. E., Atambayeva Sh. A., Labeit S., and Ivashchenko A. T. The Interaction of miRNA-5p and miRNA-3p with the mRNAs of Orthologous Genes // Molecular Biology, 2019, Vol. 53, No. 4, pp. 612–623. DOI: 10.1134/S0026893319040174

22

Prediction of clusters of miRNA binding sites in mRNA candidate genes of breast cancer subtypes

DOI 10.7717/peerj.8049
(83% 35/209 General Agricultural and Biological Sciences)

ABSTRACT The development of breast cancer (BC) subtypes is controlled by distinct sets of candidate genes, and the expression of these genes is regulated by the binding of their mRNAs with miRNAs. Predicting miRNA associations and target genes is thus essential when studying breast cancer. The MirTarget program identifies the initiation of miRNA binding to mRNA, the localization of miRNA binding sites in mRNA regions, and the free energy from the binding of all miRNA nucleotides with mRNA. Candidate gene mRNAs have clusters (miRNA binding sites with overlapping nucleotide sequences). mRNAs of EPOR, MAZ and NISCH candidate genes of the HER2 subtype have clusters, and there are four clusters in mRNAs of MAZ, BRCA2 and CDK6 genes. Candidate genes of the triple-negative subtype are targets for multiple miRNAs. There are 11 sites in CBL mRNA, five sites in MMP2 mRNA, and RAB5A mRNA contains two clusters in each of the three sites. In SFN mRNA, there are two clusters in three sites, and one cluster in 21 sites. Candidate genes of luminal A and B subtypes are targets for miRNAs: there are 21 sites in FOXA1 mRNA and 15 sites in HMGA2 mRNA. There are clusters of five sites in mRNAs of ITGB1 and SOX4 genes. Clusters of eight sites and 10 sites are identified in mRNAs of SMAD3 and TGFB1 genes, respectively. Organizing miRNA binding sites into clusters reduces the proportion of nucleotide binding sites in mRNAs. This overlapping of miRNA binding sites creates a competition among miRNAs for a binding site. From 6,272 miRNAs studied, only 29 miRNAs from miRBase and 88 novel miRNAs had binding sites in clusters of target gene mRNA in breast cancer. We propose using associations of miRNAs and their target genes as markers in breast cancer subtype diagnosis.

Aisina D., Niyazova R., Atambayeva S., Ivashchenko A. Dana Aisina* , Raigul Niyazova, Shara Atambayeva and Anatoliy Ivashchenko // PeerJ 7:e8049 http://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8049

23

The Binding Sites of miR-619-5p in the mRNAs of Human and Orthologous Genes

doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-3811-6

(76% 66/282 Biotechnology)

Atambayeva, S., Niyazova, R., Ivashchenko, A. et al. The Binding Sites of miR-619-5p in the mRNAs of Human and Orthologous Genes // BMC Genomics 18, 428 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-3811-6

24

Extracellular vesicles, stem cells and the role of miRNAs in neurodegeneration

DOI : 10.2174/1570159X19666210817150141 (96% 9/246
Pharmacology (medical)

Abstract:

There are different modalities of intercellular communication governed by cellular homeostasis. In this review, we will explore one of these forms of communication called extracellular vesicles (EVs). These vesicles are released by all cells in the body and are heterogeneous in nature. The primary function of EVs is to share information through their cargo consisting of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids (mRNA, miRNA, dsDNA etc.) with other cells, which have a direct consequence on their microenvironment. We will focus on the role of EVs of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the nervous system and how these participate in intercellular communication to maintain physiological function and provide neuroprotection. However, deregulation of this same communication system could play a role in several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, prion disease and Huntington’s disease. The release of EVs from a cell provides crucial information to what is happening inside the cell and thus could be used in diagnostics and therapy. We will discuss and explore new avenues for the clinical applications of using engineered MSC-EVs and their potential therapeutic benefit in treating neurodegenerative diseases.

 Belkozhayev M. Ayaz ,Al-Yozbaki Minnatallah ,George Alex ,Ye Niyazova Raigul ,Sharipov O. Kamalidin ,Byrne J. Lee ,Wilson M. Cornelia, “Extracellular vesicles, stem cells and the role of miRNAs in neurodegeneration”, Current Neuropharmacology 2021; 19. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X19666210817150141

25

Effects of sunlight exposure and vitamin D supplementation on HIV patients.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105664

Unlike many vitamins derived predominantly from food sources, vitamin D is produced endogenously in the skin upon exposure to sunlight. Ethnicity, skin pigmentation, socioeconomic status, geographic location, climate and sunscreen; all of these factors contribute to the amount of insolation for any given individual. Insufficient insolation creates the prerequisites for vitamin D deficiency. This is particularly true in HIV-infected individuals, who are highly vulnerable to vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency, as it plays a huge role in the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems. Antiretroviral therapy may also be a factor in vitamin D deficiency. Today, as the issues of preventing common skeletal and non-skeletal diseases with HIV-infected people are becoming highly relevant, the maintenance of vitamin D levels through exposure to sunlight or supplementation appears to be an effective and safe solution.

Akimbekov, N.S., Ortoski, R.A., Razzaque, M.S. Effects of sunlight exposure and vitamin D supplementation on HIV patients. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2020, 200. 105664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105664

26

The Effect of Leonardite-Derived Amendments on Soil Microbiome Structure and Potato Yield.

https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10050147

Humic substances originating from various organic matters can ameliorate soil properties, stimulate plant growth, and improve nutrient uptake. Due to the low calorific heating value, leonardite is rather unsuitable as fuel. However, it may serve as a potential source of humic substances. This study was aimed at characterizing the leonardite-based soil amendments and examining the effect of their application on the soil microbial community, as well as on potato growth and tuber yield. A high yield (71.1%) of humic acid (LHA) from leonardite has been demonstrated. Parental leonardite (PL) and LHA were applied to soil prior to potato cultivation. The 16S rRNA sequencing of soil samples revealed distinct relationships between microbial community composition and the application of leonardite-based soil amendments. Potato tubers were planted in pots in greenhouse conditions. The tubers were harvested at the mature stage for the determination of growth and yield parameters.

Akimbekov, N., Qiao, X., Digel, I., Abdieva, G., Ualieva, P., Zhubanova, A. The Effect of Leonardite-Derived Amendments on Soil Microbiome Structure and Potato Yield. Agriculture. 2020, 10, 147. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10050147

27

Lignite Biosolubilization by Bacillus sp. RKB 2 and Characterization of its Products.

https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2019.1695022

Nowadays, the advancements of coal microbiology and biotechnology have been highly emphasized, providing leading-edge approaches in sustainable development of agriculture and the protection of the environment. The biosolubilization of low-rank coals, such as lignite and leonardite is a promising technology for converting these sedimentary rocks into valuable products. In this study, the process involved in lignite biosolubilization by Bacillus sp. RKB 2 was investigated. The biotransformed lignite and the produced humic substances were determined in vitro in a liquid medium and on a solid matrix. The bacterial strain was isolated from untreated Kazakhstani lignite and was shown to be capable of effectively solubilizing and transforming lignite (5% w/v). Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS analyses were performed to examine the solubilization products and lignite humic substances processed by bacteria.

Akimbekov, N., Digel, I., Qiao, X., Tastambek, K., Zhubanova, A. Lignite Biosolubilization by Bacillus sp. RKB 2 and Characterization of its Products. Geomicrobiol. J. 2020, 37, 255–261. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2019.1695022

28

Lignite biosolubilization and bioconversion by Bacillus sp.: the collation of analytical data.

https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2020.1753936

The vast metabolic potential of microbes in brown coal (lignite) processing and utilization can greatly contribute to innovative approaches to sustainable production of high-value products from coal. In this study, the multi-faceted and complex coal biosolubilization process by Bacillus sp. RKB 7 isolate from the Kazakhstan coal-mining soil is reported, and the derived products are characterized. Lignite solubilization tests performed for surface and suspension cultures testify to the formation of numerous soluble lignite-derived substances. Almost 24% of crude lignite (5% w/v) was solubilized within 14 days under slightly alkaline conditions (pH 8.2). FTIR analysis revealed various functional groups in the obtained biosolubilization products.

Akimbekov, N., Digel, I., Abdieva, G., Ualieva, P., Tastambek, K. Lignite biosolubilization and bioconversion by Bacillus sp.: the collation of analytical data. Biofuels. 2021, 12(3), 247-258. https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2020.1753936

29

Dental Plaque Removal by Ultrasonic Toothbrushes.

https://doi.org/10.3390/dj8010028

With the variety of toothbrushes on the market, the question arises, which toothbrush is best suited to maintain oral health? This thematic review focuses first on plaque formation mechanisms and then on the plaque removal effectiveness of ultrasonic toothbrushes and their potential in preventing oral diseases like periodontitis, gingivitis, and caries. We overviewed the physical effects that occurred during brushing and tried to address the question of whether ultrasonic toothbrushes effectively reduced the microbial burden by increasing the hydrodynamic forces. The results of published studies show that electric toothbrushes, which combine ultrasonic and sonic (or acoustic and mechanic) actions, may have the most promising effect on good oral health. Existing ultrasonic/sonic toothbrush models do not significantly differ regarding the removal of dental biofilm and the reduction of gingival inflammation compared with other electrically powered toothbrushes, whereas the manual toothbrushes show a lower effectiveness.

Digel I., Kern I., Geenen E-M., Akimbekov N. Dental Plaque Removal by Ultrasonic Toothbrushes. Dent J (Basel). 2020, 8(1), 28, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj8010028

30

Vitamin D and the Host-Gut Microbiome: A Brief Overview.

https://doi.org/10.1267/ahc.20011

There is a growing body of evidence for the effects of vitamin D on intestinal host-microbiome interactions related to gut dysbiosis and bowel inflammation. This brief review highlights the potential links between vitamin D and gut health, emphasizing the role of vitamin D in microbiological and immunological mechanisms of inflammatory bowel diseases. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar using combinations of keywords “vitamin D,” “intestines,” “gut microflora,” “bowel inflammation”. Only articles published in English and related to the study topic are included in the review. We discuss how vitamin D (a) modulates intestinal microbiome function, (b) controls antimicrobial peptide expression, and (c) has a protective effect on epithelial barriers in the gut mucosa.

Akimbekov N.S., Digel I., Sherelkhan D.K., Lutfor A.B., Razzaque M.S. Vitamin D and the Host-Gut Microbiome: A Brief Overview. Acta histochemica et cytochemical. 2020, 53 (3), 33-42. https://doi.org/10.1267/ahc.20011

31

The relevance of vitamin D in the oral health of HIV infected patients.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105905

HIV infection affects 36.9 million people globally, and vitamin D deficiency is a global public health concern for HIV patients. Approximately 70 %–80 % of HIV-infected patients have vitamin D deficiency. The deficiency is associated with many pathologies such as immune disorders, infectious diseases, chronic inflammation, oral diseases, as well as the fast progression of HIV. The causes of vitamin D deficiency in HIV infections include HIV itself, traditional factors such as less sun exposure, mal-absorption, hypercholesterolemia, seasonal variation, poor nutrition as well as some HAART drugs like efavirenz.

C.H. Mumena., M.H. Mudhihiri., R.Sasi., M.Mlawa., S.Nyerembe., N.S. Akimbekov., M.S. Razzaque. The relevance of vitamin D in the oral health of HIV infected patients. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2021, 211. 105905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105905

32

Prediction of miRNA interaction with mRNA of stroke candidate genes

• ·        

ABSTRACT :

The interaction of 6565 miRNAs with mRNAs of stroke candidate genes was determined. The association of the mRNAs of stroke candidate genes with miRNAs depends on the level of gene expression. Some highly expressed candidate genes are targets of miR-619-5p and miR-5095, which have binding sites located on overlapping mRNA nucleotide sequences (clusters). miR-619-5p and miR-5095 bind to mRNA of 15 genes. Clusters for the binding of miR-1273f,d,e are in mRNAs of highly expressed genes. The start sites of miR-1273d and miR-1273e binding in all clusters are in sequences with one and ten nucleotides, respectively. The clusters of multiple miR-574-5p and ID00470.5p-miR binding sites and the clusters of the miR-466, ID01030.3p-miR, and ID00436.3p-miR binding sites are in mRNAs of some genes expressed at low levels.

Аida Kondybayeva, Aigul Akimniyazova , Saltanat Kamenova , Gulsum Duchshanova , Dana Aisina , Alla Goncharova , Аnatoliy Ivashchenko 

Prediction of miRNA interaction with mRNA of stroke candidate genes

Neurological Sciences ISSN 1590-1874 E-ISSN 1590-3478

• ·        

№11, р.799-808

33

Predicting Characteristics of the Potentially Binding Sites for miRNA in the mRNA of the TCP Transcription Factor Genes of Plants

• ·        

The expression of the TCP transcription factor family genes depends on miRNA, whose effect on the translation of their mRNA is poorly studied. Interactions between miRNA and mRNA were studied with the MirTarget program, which allows estimating of quantitative characteristics of binding of the whole nucleotide sequence f miRNA to mRNA. 

• ·        
• ·         Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 67(4):606-617
• ·        

34

Screening and Characterization of Emulsifying Hydrocarbon- Degrading Bacteria from Coastal Waters of the Caspian Sea

• ·        

As a result of 400 cultures screening isolated from the contaminated coastal zones of the Caspian Sea, 4 new strains were selected that had a stable growth and utilized oil with NaCl concentration close to that of seawater. Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga wkal49, Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga wkal51, Sphingobacterium kitahiroshimense wkar54, and Achromobacter sp. wkar55 were identified based on an analysis of the direct nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene fragment. The most active producers of extracellular bioemulsifiers were the Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga wkal49 and Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga wkal51 strains. Both demonstrated the highest hydrophobicity, emulsification index, and the highest value for decreasing oil viscosity.

• ·          
• ·        
• ·         Screening and Characterization of Emulsifying Hydrocarbon- Degrading Bacteria from Coastal Waters of the Caspian Sea
• ·        

“Naše more”, 2021 г., 68, #2 P.. 74 – 82 (Q-2)

35

Characterization of cadmium-tolerant endophytic fungi isolated from soybean ( Glycine max) and barley ( Hordeum vulgare)

• ·        

Cadmium stress disrupts plant-microbial interactions and reduces plant growth and development. In plants, the tolerance to stress can be increased by inoculation with endophytic microorganisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of endophytic fungi in various plant organs of barley and soybean and evaluate their Cd removal ability. Two hundred fifty-three fungal strains were isolated from various organs of barley (Hordeum vulgare cv Arna) and soybean (Glycine max cv Almaty). The colonization rate ranged from 13.6% to 57.3% and was significantly higher in the roots. Ten genera were identified: Fusarium, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Metarhizium, Beauveria, Trichoderma, Rhodotorula, Cryptococcus, Aureobasidium and Metschnikowia. Twenty-three fungal strains have a Cd tolerance index from 0.24 to 1.12. Five strains (Beauveria bassiana T7, Beauveria bassiana T15, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa MK1, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa RH2, Metschnikowia pulcherrima MP2) with the highest level of Cd tolerance have minimum inhibitory concentrations from 290 to 2400 μg/ml. These fungi were able to remove Cd up to 59%. The bioaccumulation capacity ranged from 2.3 to 11.9 mg/g. Selected fungal strains could be considered as biological agents for their potential application in the bioremediation of contaminated sites.

Lyudmila Ignatova ,  Aida Kistaubayeva, Yelena Brazhnikova , Anel Omirbekova , Togzhan Mukasheva , Irina Savitskaya , Tatyana Karpenyuk , Alla Goncharova , Dilfuza Egamberdieva,, Alexander Sokolov 

Heliyon. 2021 Oct 22;7(11):e08240.

 doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08240.

 eCollection 2021 Nov

36

Bacterial Cellulose and Pullulan from Simple and Low Cost Production Media

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj866 (Q3)

Abstract:

In this study, the production rate of both water-insoluble EPS, bacterial cellulose, and water-soluble EPS, P, was improved through сultivation of their producers on a nutrient media containing industrial wastes, and their material properties were analyzed. The growth rate and productivity of Gluconoacetobacter xylinus C3 strain on media with industrial wastes was investigated. An optimal nutrient medium based on molasses was selected for the bacterial cellulose producer. The nutrient medium contains 2% molasses, 1% yeast extract and peptone in a 1: 1 ratio, 0.3% sodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1% citric acid and 1% ethanol. Cultivation of Gluconoacetobacter xylinus C3 strain on this medium for 7 days at 25–30 °С ensures its high productivity – 8.21 g/L. The composition of the optimized medium with molasses provides high mechanical properties (tensile strength – 37.12 MPa and relative elongation at break – 3.28%) of bacterial cellulose and does not affect the polymer microfibrillar structure. A modified Czapek-Dox medium with 10% molasses and 1% peptone is preferable for the exopolysaccharide accumulation by A. pullulans C8 strain. The optimized media has an advantage over the traditionally used media in terms of the efficiency of exopolysaccharide accumulation and cost reduction. The pullulan yield in media was 10.08 g/l, that is 1.5 times higher than in a standard Czapek-Dox medium. The surface morphology and microstructure of the pullulan samples obtained on different media showed minor changes. Therefore, the replacement of carbon source for molasses in a Czapek-Dox media for pullulan production did not alter the polymer content and viscosity.

Shokatayeva D., Ignatova L., Savitskaya I., Kistaubaeva A., Talipova A., Asylbekova A., Abdulzhanova M., Mashzhan A. Bacterial Cellulose and Pullulan from Simple and Low Cost Production Media // Eurasion chemico-technological journal. – 2019. - №21. – P. 247-258

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj866

37

Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Composite Films Based on Bacterial Cellulose and Chitosan for Wound Dressing Materials

DOI:10.18321/ectj670

(IF=0,11; Q3)

Abstract: 

New bacterial cellulose/chitosan (BC/Ch) nanocomposite films were obtained using a simple procedure by immersing BC synthesized by Komagataeibacter xylinus in 1% acetic acid solutions of Ch with the degree of deacetylation 75-85% of medium molecular weight. The BC and BC/Ch composites chemical composition was examined by FTIR, the mechanical properties by a tensile tester, surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy, and antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa by diffusion and joint incubation methods. The FTIR spectra indicated the intermolecular interaction between BC and Ch. Due to addition of 0.6% (w/v) Ch, the films of BC/Ch become more homogeneous with a significantly denser fibril structure, smaller pore diameter and higher surface area in comparison to those of pure BC films. Micro-(15-35 nm) and macrofibrils (50-150 nm) in both BC and BC/Ch films are joined in ribbon-like fibers, providing a high degree of mechanical strength (Young's modulus: 33-36 MPa, tensile strength and elongation et break: 17, 22 MPa). The obtained hybrid material is transparent, flexible and displays good water absorption capacity and water vapor permeability. The films have reasonable thermal stability to be in contact with body or during steam sterilization, since maximum degradation temperature (Td) of both biocomposites is around 400-600 °C. The disc diffusion method confirmed that the BC/Ch films have predominantly non-diffusible antibacterial properties. Antibacterial assessment by the joint incubation method proved that addition of Ch to BC films resulted in significant growth inhibition against target bacteria. The BC/Ch biocomposites' notable properties make them suitable for wound healing applications.

I.S. Savitskaya, A.S. Kistaubayeva, I.E. Digel, D.H. Shokatayeva Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Composite Films Based on Bacterial Cellulose and Chitosan for Wound Dressing Materials // Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal. – 2017. – Vol. 19. - № 3. – P. 255-264.

38

Antimicrobial and wound healing properties of a bacterial cellulose based material containing B. subtilis cells

DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02592

(Q1)

Abstract:

A biocomposite composed of bacterial cellulose (BC) gel-film and Bacillus subtilis (BS) cells was obtained and characterized with a view to future biomedical applications. The inclusion of functional ingredient (10¹⁰/g viable BS cells) in the composite was carried out by their joint aggregation with the BC gel-film. Immobilized BS cells displayed high antagonistic activity towards causative agents of wound infections such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Application of the BC/BS-biocomposite for the treatment of excision wounds, performed on laboratory animals, stimulated reparative processes and shortened the healing time. Possible mechanisms of the wound-healing effect of BC/BS gel films are discussed. In this work we claim that the developed BC/BS-material can be positioned as a universal wound coating and sanitary-hygienic product.

Savitskaya I.S., Shokatayeva D.H., Kistaubaeva A.S., Ignatova L.V., Digel I.E. Antimicrobial and wound healing properties of a bacterial cellulose based material containing B. subtilis cells // Heliyon. – 2019. – №5. – P. 1-11.

39

Concentrations in d- A nd l-lactate in raw cow and camel milk

DOI 10.5958/2277-8934.2019.00016.X

(SJR 2020 – 0.217, Q4 in Agriculture, ecosystems and environment)

The present study gives some preliminary result regarding the content of the D- A nd L-lactate in cow and camel milk. Twenty dromedary camel milk samples and 3 cow milk samples from Kazakhstan were analysed to determine the lactate forms in order to compare these two types of milk collected in similar conditions. The content of total lactate in camel milk was comparable to cow milk (1.82-2.49 g/1), but the quantity of L-Lactate was 100 times more in camel milk compared to cow milk-2.21% of the total lactate vs 0.02% in camel and cow milk, respectively. Further analyses are necessary to understand the role of the microflora present in each specific milk

Konuspayeva, G., Baubekova, A., Akhmetsadykova, S., Akhmetasdykov, N., & Faye, B. (2019). Concentrations in D-and L-lactate in raw cow and camel milk. Journal of Camel Practice and Research, 26(1), 111-113. Doi 10.5958/2277-8934.2019.00016.X

40

Transfer of persistent organic pollutants in food of animal origin – Meta-analysis of published data

DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128351

(SJR- 1.632, Q1 in Environmental Science)

The transfer of POPs in food of animal origin has been studied by a meta-analysis of 28 peer-reviewed articles using transfer rate (TR) for milk and eggs and bioconcentration factors (BCF) for eligible tissues after establishing an adapted methodology. TRs of the most toxic PCDD/Fs into milk were generally elevated and even higher into eggs. BCFs in excreting adult animals varied widely between studies complicating to hierarchize tissues or congeners, even if liver and fat seemed to bioconcentrate more than lean tissues. Short time studies have clearly shown low BCFs contrarily to field studies showing the highest BCFs. The BCFs of PCDD/Fs in growing animals were higher in liver than in fat or muscle. In contrast to easily bioconcentrating hexachlorinated congeners, octa- and heptachlorinated congeners barely bioconcentrate. PCB transfer into milk and eggs was systematically high for very lipophilic congeners. Highly ortho-chlorinated PCBs were transferred >50% into milk and eggs and even >70% for congeners 123 and 167 into eggs. BCFs of the most toxic PCBs 126 and 169 were significantly higher than for less toxic congeners. BCFs seem generally low in PBDEs except congeners 47, 153 and 154. DDT and its metabolites showed high bioconcentration. Differences between tissues appeared but were masked by a study effect. In addition to some methodologic recommendations, this analysis showed the high transfer of POPs into eggs, milk and liver when animals were exposed justifying a strong monitoring in areas with POP exposure.

Amutova, F., Delannoy, M., Baubekova, A., Konuspayeva, G., & Jurjanz, S. (2021). Transfer of persistent organic pollutants in food of animal origin–meta-analysis of published data. Chemosphere, 262, 128351. DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128351

41

Evaluation of environmental contamination by toxic trace elements in Kazakhstan based on reviews of available scientific data

10.1007/s11356-021-14979-z

(SJR 0.845, Q1 in Environmental Science)

The environmental situation concerning pollution by (eco) toxic and persistent trace elements in Kazakhstan has been investigated by analytical reviews of scientific studies published over the past 20 years reporting concentrations of 10 toxic trace elements (TTE) observed in soil, sediments, or surface water. A database of 62 articles published in Kazakh, Russian, or English covered the majority of the territory of the country for soil and water samples but to a lesser extent for sediments. Reported concentrations were summarized using statistical parameters, then spatialized and finally classified in contamination classes according to local legislation. This analysis revealed some hotspots of TTE in surface waters (Cd and Pb), soil (As), and sediments (Cd and As). Hotspots of less toxic Cu, Zn, and Mn were also detected. Spatialization of results allowed localization of these hotspots close to industrial sites, such as smelters or mining and metallurgic combines. Others have been shown to be close to disused mining sites or landfills with municipal waste. Methodological improvements for further studies have been suggested, such as to integrate more West Kazakhstan or remote areas in sampling campaigns, but also to describe more exhaustively the used analytical methods and to be more attentive to the speciation of the analyzed form of the element. Finally, a management strategy to strengthen a sustainable food policy has been proposed: to reduce emissions by modernization of industrial facilities and better waste management, to organize land use depending on the contamination levels, and to reduce the bioavailability of the toxic elements.

Baubekova, A., Akindykova, A., Mamirova, A., Dumat, C., & Jurjanz, S. (2021). Evaluation of environmental contamination by toxic trace elements in Kazakhstan based on reviews of available scientific data. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(32), 43315-43328.     doi10.1007/s11356-021-14979-z

42

Biological features of medicinal plant elaeagnus rhamnoides growing at south-east of Kazakhstan

DOI: 10.52571/PTQ.v17.n36.2020.349_Periodico36_pgs_334_345.pdf

Elaeagnus rhamnoides berries contain significant amounts of bioactive vitamins, lipids, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds. They are widely used as an ingredient in functional products, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical formulations to prevent and treat cardiovascular, stomach, skin, and liver diseases. Natural sea buckthorn populations are widespread in Kazakhstan. Data on phytochemical and diagnostic indicators are absent for E. rhamnoides growing in Kazakhstan. In this work, seaberry from Kazakhstan was surveyed for diagnostic indicators, lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds. Analyses were conducted for main diagnostic indicators of leaves and fruits by standard microtechniques; fatty acid profiles by gas-chromatography; β-carotene by HPLCPDA; vitamin C and B by capillary electrophoresis, and pectin substances by titration. The main diagnostic indicators of leaves were stomatal anomocytic complex; corymbose and stellate hairs; conductive bundle - closed collateral; fruits - secretory passages and conducting bundles of a spiral type in the pulp parenchyma, and a large amount of fatty oil and aleuron grains in the embryo. In the oil from berry pulp/peel, the dominating fatty acids were palmitoleic and palmitic (28.53 and 30.03 %, respectively). Sea buckthorn seed oil, with its high a-linolenic levels and a near 1:1 ratio of ω-6:ω-3 fatty acids, represented a very balanced source of polyunsaturated fatty acids for human health and nutrition. β-Carotene content was 7.75 mg per kg, pectin substances – 3.27 %. In addition, the berries were rich in vitamins B complex (0.0035-0.014 mg/100g) and vitamin C (0.21 mg/100g). This work constitutes the first approach on knowledge about the phytochemical profile of Elaeagnus rhamnoides fruits from Kazakhstan and provides arguments multiple using of E. rhamnoides, both for fresh consumption and for industrial preparations in the form of jams and related products (functional multivitamin food) as well as byproducts (seeds) as raw materials for the production of oils suitable to be marketed by the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries.

N. Kassimbekova, M., Kaliyeva, A., Kassymbayev, B., Medeuova, G., Mamytova N. Biological features of medicinal plant elaeagnus rhamnoides growing at south-east of Kazakhstan. // Periodico Tche Quimica.-2020.- Vol.36 – P. 334-345

DOI: 10.52571/PTQ.v17.n36.2020.349_Periodico36_pgs_334_345.pdf

43

Kinetically modelled approach of xanthan production using different carbon sources: A study on molecular weight and rheological properties of xanthan

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.163

Abstract

The present study emphasizes improving the overall yield, productivity and quality of xanthan by Xanthomonas campestris using different carbon sources via optimizing the fermentation media and kinetic modelling work. After optimization, six carbon sources and one nitrogen source were selected for xanthan production in 5 L bioreactor. Kinetic modelling was applied to assess the experimental fermentation data and to check its influence on scale-up production. In this work, xanthan production reached 40.65 g/L with a growth-associated rate constant (α) of 2.831, and highest specific growth rate (μm) of 0.37/h while using maltose as the sole carbon source. Furthermore, rheological properties were determined, and Herschel-Bulkley model was employed to assess the experimental data. Interestingly, xanthan obtained from sucrose and glucose showed the highest yield stress (τ₀) of 12.50 ± 0.31 and 7.17 ± 0.21. Moreover, the highest xanthan molecular weight of 3.53 × 10⁷ and 3.25 × 10⁷ g/mol were also found with sucrose and glucose. At last, the proposed mechanism of sugar metabolism and xanthan biosynthesis pathway were described. Conclusively, maltose appeared as the best carbon source for maximum xanthan production: while sucrose and glucose gave qualitatively best results. In short, this systematically modelled approach maximizes the potential output and provides a solid base for continuous cultivation of xanthan at large-scale production.

Ali Mohsin^a1 Kanagat Akbota Akyliyaevna^ab1 Waqas QamarZaman^c Muhammad HammadHussain^a Muhammad ZubairMohsin^a SarahAl-Rashed^d XinTan^a XiweiTian^a KistaubayevaAida^b MuhammadTariq^e Muhammad SalmanHaider^fg Imran MahmoodKhan^h SobiaNiazi^h YingpingZhuang^a MeijinGuo^a

Kinetically modelled approach of xanthan production using different carbon sources: A study on molecular weight and rheological properties of xanthan.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.163

44

Consortium of Higher Aquatic Plants and Microalgae Designed

to Purify Sewage of Heavy Metal Ions

DOI: 10.1134/S1021443718010028

(IF=1.198; SJR-0.38; Q 2 in Russian Journal of Plant Physiology)

ABSTRACT ⎯ We selected higher aquatic plants (HAP) and microalgae possessing a high sorption capacity in

respect to heavy metals to form a consortium designed to purify contaminated aquatic ecosystems. Accumulation

of heavy metals Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+ was investigated in plants Pistia stratiotes, Elodea canadensis,

and Lemna minor and green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris ВВ-2, Ankistrodesmus sp. ВI-1, Chlamydomonas

reinhardtii В-4, and Scеnеdеsmus quadricauda В-1. It was found that intense accumulation of metals occurs

in cultures of HAP Pistia stratiotes and Elodea canadensis. These plants are macroconcentrators of zinc, lead,

and copper and microconcentrators of cadmium. Out of the examined cultures of microalgae, effective bioaccumulators

of heavy metals were C. vulgaris ВВ-2 and Ankistrodesmus sp. ВI-1. It was shown that heavy

metals are selectively taken up from the medium in the series Zn2+ > Cu2+ > Cd2+ > Pb2+. In order to produce

a consortium of higher aquatic plants and microalgae for purification of polluted aquatic ecosystems, we

investigated interaction of HAP P. stratiotes and E. canadensis with microalgae C. vulgaris ВВ-2 and Ankistrodesmus

sp. ВI-1 in the course of their cocultivation. Neutral relations were detected between the cells of

microalgae C. vulgaris ВВ-2 and Ankistrodesmus sp. ВI-1 and HAP E. canadensis. At the same time, the cells

of Ankistrodesmus sp. ВI-1 and HAP P. stratiotes formed a symbiosis. Microscopic examination showed

numerous points where the cells of microalgae Ankistrodesmus sp. ВI-1 were attached to the roots of P. stratiotes

plants. We tested an opportunity to employ the association between P. stratiotes and Ankistrodesmus sp.

ВI-1 for purification of simulated wastewater polluted with heavy metal ions. This consortium proved to be

capable of eliminating contaminants from the sewage, reducing their level in the sewage to standard values,

and active accumulation of heavy metal ions.

B.K. Zayadan, N. R. Akmukhanova, A. K. Sadvakasova, K. Bolatkhan, and M. O. Bauenova. Consortium of Higher Aquatic Plants and Microalgae Designed to Purify Sewage of Heavy Metal Ions// Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2018, Vol. 65, No. 1, pp. 143–149.

DOI: 10.1134/S1021443718010028

45

Effect of Cadmium Ions on Some Biophysical Parameters and Ultrastructure of Ankistrodesmus sp. В-11 сells

DOI 10.1134/S1021443720040196. (IF=1.198; SJR-0.38; Q 2 in Russian Journal of Plant Physiology)

ABSTRACT — Effects of low concentrations of cadmium ions on growth, photosynthesis, and cell ultrastructure

of microalga Ankistrodesmus sp. B-11 were investigated. The addition of cadmium to growth medium at concentrations

of 0.005–0.02 mg/L led to a significant decrease in the number of Ankistrodesmus sp. B-11 cells

relatively to that in the untreated culture. The addition of cadmium at concentrations >0.05 mg/L completely

stopped cell growth. Cadmium ions induced ultrastructural changes in the arrangement of thylakoids within the

stroma, the detachment of thylakoid membranes with the formation of void interthylakoid spaces, and a significant

increase in vacuolization of microalgal cells. Simultaneous measurements of fluorescence induction

curves and redox transformations of photosystem I components on a microsecond time scale by means of a

M-PEA-2 fluorometer revealed that cadmium ions inhibit electron transport in photosystem II (PSII). The

quantum yield of electron transport in PSII (ϕEo) and the performance index (PIABS) were found to decrease;

the photoreduction of P700 pigment was decelerated, while energy dissipation (DI0/RC) and ΔpH-dependent

nonphotochemical quenching (qE) increased significantly under the action of cadmium. The performance

index (PIABS) was the most sensitive parameter; it can be used for the detection of early toxic effects of cadmium

ions on algae.

B. K. Zayadana, A. K. Sadvakasova, D. N. Matorin, N. R. Akmukhanova, M. Kokocinski, N. P. Timofeev, Kh. Balouch   and M. O. Bauenova. Effect of Cadmium Ions on Some Biophysical Parameters and Ultrastructure of Ankistrodesmussp. В-11 Cells. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 67 (5), 845-854

DOI 10.1134/S1021443720040196.

46

Search for new strains of microalgae-producers of

lipids from natural sources for biodiesel production

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.093

(IF=5.816; SJR- 1.212; Q 1 in Hydrogen Energy)

Biomass of high-yielding strains of phototrophic microorganisms actively accumulating

lipids is a promising non-traditional raw material for bioenergy including the production of

biodiesel. In this study, we present results of searching for new strains of microalgaeproducers

of lipids from hot springs. Within the framework of research, the primary

screening of water for the presence of lipid - accumulative microalgae was carried out with

the help of qualitative reaction with lipid-specific dyes, as well as 5 axenic isolates of

microalgae with stable growth were identified in the laboratory and their productivity and

fatty acid composition were studied. The isolated strains were identified as Chlorella vulgaris

sp-1, Ankistrodesmus sp-21, Scеnеdеsmus obliquus sp-21, Chlorella pyrenoidosa sp-13 and

Chlamydomonas sp-22. The obtained data showed that the isolated strains determined by

biomass in the range 1.3 g/l to 1.81 g/l. As a result of the research, it was established that

the highest content of lipids was observed in the strains Chlorella vulgaris sp-1 and

Scеnеdеsmus obliquus sp-21, which is 28.7 and 29.8% of the cell dry weight, respectively. The

analysis of the fatty acid composition of the cells showed that the largest mass fraction of

saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids was found in strain Scеnеdеsmus obliquus sp-21 - 61.9%. In the result, Scеnеdеsmus obliquus sp-21 strain isolated from thermal sources was

selected as a promising candidate for biodiesel production.

Asemgul K. Sadvakasova, Nurziya R. Akmukhanova,

Kenzhegul Bolatkhan, Bolatkhan K. Zayadan,

Aizhan A. Usserbayeva, Meruert O. Bauenova,

Akbota E. Akhmetkaliyeva, Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev Search for new strains of microalgae-producers of lipids from natural sources for biodiesel production // Hydrogen Energy Vol. 44 (2 019) P. 5844-5853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.093

47

Potential of microalgae Parachlorella kessleri Bh-2 as bioremediation agent

of heavy metals cadmium and chromium

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2021.102463 (IF=4,401; SJR-1,044; Q 1 in Algal Research)

The basis of biological remediation basically refers to environmentally friendly methods of extracting various

xenobiotics, including heavy metals, from the wastewater of various industrial facilities, using the biochemical

capabilities of naturally occurring organisms or their metabolites. In this regard, the assessment of the contribution

of microalgae to the transformation of heavy metal compounds and the detoxification of the natural

environment is very important and necessary. This paper presents an investigation of the effect of different

concentrations of cadmium Cd2+ and chromium Cr2O72􀀀 ions on the survival and ultrastructure of microalgae

cells of Parachlorella kessleri Bh-2 and its ability to accumulate these metals in order to determine its bioremediational

potential against these metals. It was determined that the culture of Parachlorella kessleri Bh-2 is

resistant to concentrations of cadmium (0.3 mg l􀀀 1) and chromium (30 mg l􀀀 1) ions. It was found that heavy

metals in these concentrations are actively transported through the cell membrane and accumulate in the

cytoplasm of cells, causing an increase in the number of vacuoles with electron-dense deposits, granulation of the

cytoplasm and an increase in the number of starch grains in the microalgae cells. Analysis of the content of total

polysaccharides showed a noticeable increase in the concentration of polysaccharides by of exposure to concentrations

of Cd (II) - 0,3 mg l􀀀 1 and Cr (VI) - 30 mg l􀀀 1.

Meruyert O. Bauenova, Assemgul K. Sadvakasova, Zhuldyz O. Mustapayeva, Mikołaj Kokociński, Bolatkhan K. Zayadan, Maria Katarzyna Wojciechowicz, Nurziya R. Akmukhanova, Saleh Alwasel, Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev. Potential of microalgae Parachlorella kessleri Bh-2 as bioremediation agent of heavy metals cadmium and chromium // Algal Research, V.59, P. 102463. 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102463

48

Screening and characterization of emulsifying hydrocarbon- degrading bacteria from coastal waters of the caspian sea

DOI: 10.17818/NM/2021/2.2

(IF=1.625; Q3).

ABSTRACT :

As a result of 400 cultures screening isolated from the contaminated coastal zones of the Caspian Sea, 4 new strains were selected that had a stable growth and utilized oil with NaCl concentration close to that of seawater. Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga wkal49, Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga wkal51, Sphingobacterium kitahiroshimense wkar54, and Achromobacter sp. wkar55 were identifi ed based on an analysis of the direct nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene fragment. The degree of oil degradation by these strains was above 50%. The hydrophobicity of the cell surface, emulsifying activity, the degree of infl uence on the viscosity of crude oil, and also the ability to produce surfactants were the four key factors that made up the studied parameters for the selected strains. The studied strains formed an emulsion layer on the surface of the culture medium. The most active producers of extracellular bioemulsifi ers were the Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga wkal49 and Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga wkal51 strains. Both demonstrated the highest hydrophobicity, emulsifi cation index, and the highest value for decreasing oil viscosity.

Goncharova, A., Karpenyuk, T., Kalbayeva, A., Mukasheva, T., Bektileuova, N.

Screening and characterization of emulsifying hydrocarbon- degrading bacteria from coastal waters of the caspian sea

Nase More, 2021, 68(2), стр. 74–83

DOI: 10.17818/NM/2021/2.2

49

Biological effectiveness of constructed consortia in MEOR

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.11.5(45).19

(0,192; Q3 Environmental Science: Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law).

ABSTRACT:

Kazakhstan is one of the producers of oil and gas in the world. Also, Kazakhstan is a country which uses traditional methods of oil development. These methods are not economically beneficial in the development of oil since two-thirds of the oil remains in the ground. In this regard, 16 indigenous microorganisms were studied from the production water of the “Akingen” field located in Western Kazakhstan. It is known that biological preparations containing several symbiotic strains of microorganisms are important because they are more effective and improved with biotechnology properties than monobacterial preparations. Antagonistic activity of 16 indigenous strains of bacteria was examined by cross streak. In addition, the activities of the created consortia were studied (oil emulsification, production of acids and gas). 5 bacterial consortia were selected based on the study of the antagonistic relationships of strains and their activeness, including: 2 consortia consisting of 2 monostrains - P. aeruginosa D6: Bacillus sp.  SR 1; P. aeruginosa D6: Bacillus sp. CL1; 2 consortia of 3 monostrains - P. aeruginosa D6: Bacillus sp. SR1: Bacillus sp. CL1; P. aeruginosa D6: Bacillus sp. CL1: Bacillus sp. D1X and one consortium of 4 monostrains P. aeruginosa D6: Bacillus sp. SR1: Bacillus sp.  CL1: Bacillus sp. D1X.

Kaiyrmanova, G., Shaimerdenova, U., Tapeshova, S., Magmiyayev, R., Yernazarova, A.Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, [S.l.], v. 11, n. 5, p. 1222-1230, aug. 2020.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.11.5(45).19

50

Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Correlation Between Microbiome Structure and Leonardite Characteristics from Kazakhstan Coal Deposits

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj823

(35% 180/279 General Chemical Engineering Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal. 2018)

ABSTRACT:

Coal microbial communities have not been well examined, despite their importance in the formation and maintenance of terrestrial ecosystems. Microorganisms are geographically versatile, exhibit wide morphological diversity and provide a rich platform for studying energy and carbon flows through different ecosystems. The coal characteristics, in turn, are important environmental factors that control the composition, structure and activity of terrestrial bio-communities through various endogenous physiological and biochemical processes. The total phylogenetic structure of prokaryotes is closely related to their functional diversity and, ultimately, to the variety of environmental conditions in oxidized coal (leonardite). Metagenomic studies in this area attempt to assess the relationship between the coal properties and its microbiome. The microbial community of the coal profiles, collected from various Kazakhstan coal deposits, have been studied in detail for the first time using high-throughput sequencing. As part of this study, a wide range of leonardites generated in various bioclimatic and geomorphological conditions are considered. A comprehensive characterization of the phylogenetic structure and diversity of coal was given on the basis of the 16S rDNA gene analysis. The revealed features of the prokaryotic composition can be used as bioindicators of the leonardite condition. In addition, metagenomic characteristics of coals of different origin can serve as valuable platform to assess the terrestrial ecosystem health.

Zhubanova A., Xiaohui Q., Ualieva P., Abdieva G., Tastambek K., Akimbekov N. Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal. 2019, Vol 21, No 2, с. 135-141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj823

51

Determination of the content of biologically active substances in some aquatic higher plants

DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.30848/PJB2021-5(23), Q3, процентиль -49

ABSTRACT:

The article identifies the following biologically active substances in the surface and the underground parts of Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia Stratiotes, and Lemna minor aquatic plants (roots, stems, leaves): alkaloids, anthraquinones, proteins, tannins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, anthraquinones, and coumarins. A brief overview of scientific works has been given for certain types of biologically active substances and their biological activity, importance, biosynthesis, and genetic transfer. The results of this research show that high amount of biologically active substances (BAS) was found in Eichhornia crassipes aquatic plant in terms of tannins, which in the roots amounted to 7.476%, and in the above-ground part — to 6.73%. The content of polysaccharides was 5.907%, and in the roots — 2.642%. By the amount of BAS detected in the composition of Pistia stratiotes aquatic plant, polysaccharides content in the aerial part was 3.073%, and in the roots — 4.881%, the content of flavonoids in the aerial part was 4.833%, and in the roots — 3.716%. Among BAS in Lemna minor water plant, the content of flavonoids was 5.463%.

Yernazarova, G. I.,Ramazanova, A. A.,Turasheva, S. K., & Ablaikhanova, N. T. (2021). «Determination of the content of biologically active substances in some aquatic higher plants». Pak. J. Bot, 53(5), 1893-1899.

DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.30848/PJB2021-5(23), Q3, процентиль -49

52

Enrichment of aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic acids by oil-degrading bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of plants growing in oil-contaminated soil from Kazakhstan // Appl Microbiol Biotechnol (2015) 99:4071– 4084

DOI 10.1007/s00253-014-6320-4

Q3, IF=1.49

Three microbial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of alfalfa (Medicago sativa), grass mixture (Festuca rubra, 75 %; Lolium perenne, 20 %; Poa pratensis, 10 %), and rape (Brassica napus) on the basis of their high capacity to use crude oil as the sole carbon and energy source. These isolates used an unusually wide spectrum of hydrocarbons as substrates (more than 80), including n-alkanes with chain lengths ranging from C12 to C32, monomethyl- and monoethyl-substituted alkanes (C12-C23), n-alkylcyclo alkanes with alkyl chain lengths from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, as well as substituted monoaromatic and diaromatic hydrocarbons. These three strains were identified as Gordonia rubripertincta and Rhodococcus sp. SBUG 1968. During their transformation of this wide range of hydrocarbon substrates, a very large number of aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic acids was detected, 44 of them were identified by GC/MS analyses, and 4 of them are described as metabolites for the first time. Inoculation of plant seeds with these highly potent bacteria had a beneficial effect on shoot and root development of plants which were grown on oil-contaminated sand.

Annett Mikolasch & Anel Omirbekova & Peter Schumann & Anne Reinhard & Halah Sheikhany & Ramza Berzhanova & Togzhan Mukasheva & Frieder Schauer Enrichment of aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic acids by oil-degrading bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of plants growing in oil-contaminated soil from Kazakhstan // Appl Microbiol Biotechnol (2015) 99:4071– 4084 DOI 10.1007/s00253-014-6320-4

53

The effect of application of micromycetes on plant growth, as well as soybean and barley yields.

DOI:10.18388/abp.2015_1100

Q2, IF=3.97, Microbiology

The possibility of application of micromycetes (strains Penicillium bilaiae Pb14, Aureobasidium pullulans YA05 and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa YR07) to increase yields of soybean (Glycine max cv Almaty) and barley (Hordeum vulgare cv Arna) was estimated. It was shown that the most positive effect on germination energy and seed germination after seed treatment with liquid culture, supernatant and filtrate, is achieved at 1:5 dilution. In studying the influence of cell-associated and extracellular biologically active compounds of micromycetes (liquid culture and supernatant) on biometric parameters of seedlings, the maximum stimulating effect was observed in the variants with liquid culture. These strains of micromycetes were used as a bases for various compositions of preparations - application of each strain separately and application of micromycetes mixes. In microfield experiments, the increase of soybean yield ranged from 4.5 to 9.4 quintal/ha, barley - from 2.9 to 5.9 quintal/ha. A significant increase in various parameters of structure of the yield was shown in all experimental variants when compared to the control. It was found that an increase in soybean and barley yields and yield components was higher in the variant with a mix of micromycetes when compared to the separate application of each strain. The most efficient mixture was based on the mix of fungal strains (culture filtrate of P. bilaiae Pb14 diluted 1:5 + liquid cultures of A. pullulans YA05 and Rh. mucilaginosa YR07 in a 1:5 dilution).

Lyudmila V. Ignatova, Yelena V.Brazhnikova, Ramza Z.Berzhanova, Togzhan D.Mukasheva The effect of application of micromycetes on plant growth, as well as soybean and barley yields // Microbiological Research Volume 175, June 2015, Pages 78-83.

54

Immobilization of dairy starter on wheat bran enhance viability under acid and bile stress // Applied Food Biotechnology – 2020. – Vol.7 (4). – P. – 215 – 223.

DOI/URL https://doi.org/10.22037/afb.v7i4.29723

Q3, IF=1.49

Abstract

Survival of beneficial microorganisms in human gut faces many challenges. Immobilization on dietary fibers not only increases the viability of probiotic cultures, but also improves intestinal microbiota composition and decreases several diseases. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess effects of wheat bran immobilization on survival of multiple species dairy starters under high acidity and bile salts conditions.

Yelena Oleinikova, Alma Amangeldi, Makpal Yelubaeva, Aigul Alybaeva, Sadanov Amankeldy, Margarita Saubenova, Anna Chizhaeva, Aida Aitzhanova, Ramza Berzhanova Immobilization of dairy starter on wheat bran enhance viability under acid and bile stress // Applied Food Biotechnology – 2020. – Vol.7 (4). – P. – 215 – 223. CiteScore по базе Scopus 60%.

55

Optimization of microbial assisted phytoremediation of soils contaminated with pesticides

https://doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2020.1825330,

Q2, IF=3,212

Abstract

580 microbial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of the plants Cucurbita pepo L. and Xanthium strumarium grown on soil contaminated with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites. During the cultivation, two bacterial strains were selected because of their ability to grow on media containing 0.5-5.0 mg L-1 of dichlorodiphenyl dichloro ethylene (DDE) as the sole carbon source. They were identified as Bacillus vallismortis and Bacillus aryabhattai. Both of these species were shown to have a high capacity for the utilization of DDE - more than 90% of which was consumed after 21 days of cultivation. Laboratory experiments were carried out then to assess the possibility of using these strains for the decontamination of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) contaminated soils. Inoculation of C. pepo and X. strumarium with our isolates B. vallismortis and B. aryabhattai resulted in a reduction of the pollutant stress to the plants as shown by an increase both in aboveground and in root biomass. The microorganisms enhanced the uptake and phytostabilization potential of C. pepo and X. strumarium and can be applied for the treatment of DDE contaminated soils.

Asil Nurzhanova, Togzhan Mukasheva, Ramza Berzhanova, Sergey Kalugin, Anel Omirbekova, Annett Mikolasch Optimization of microbial assisted phytoremediation of soils contaminated with pesticides // International Journal Phytoremediation опубликовано 01 октября 2020

56

Moniliella spathulata, an oil-degrading yeast, which promotes growth of barley in oil-polluted soil

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-11011-1

Q1, IF=3,93, SJR 1.06, процентиль 85%

The yeast strain Moniliella spathulata SBUG-Y 2180 was isolated from oil-contaminated soil at the Tengiz oil field in the Atyrau region of Kazakhstan on the basis of its unique ability to use crude oil and its components as the sole carbon and energy source. This yeast used a large number of hydrocarbons as substrates (more than 150), including n-alkanes with chain lengths ranging from C10 to C32, monomethyl- and monoethyl-substituted alkanes (C9–C23), and n-alkylcyclo alkanes with alkyl chain lengths from 3 to 24 carbon atoms as well as substituted monoaromatic and diaromatic hydrocarbons. Metabolism of this huge range of hydrocarbon substrates produced a very large number of aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic acids. Fifty-one of these were identified by GC/MS analyses. This is the first report of the degradation and formation of such a large number of compounds by a yeast. Inoculation of barley seeds with M. spathulata SBUG-Y 2180 had a positive effect on shoot and root development of plants grown in oil-contaminated sand, pointing toward potential applications of the yeast in bioremediation of polluted soils. • Moniliella spathulata an oil-degrading yeast • Increase of the growth of barley

Annett Mikolasch, & Togzhan Mukasheva, Ramza Berzhanova, & Anel Omirbekova & Anne Reinhard1 & Daniele Zühlke1 & Mareike Meister & & Katharina Riedel1 & Tim Urich1 & Frieder Schauer Moniliella spathulata, an oil-degrading yeast, which promotes growth of barley in oil-polluted soil // Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Received, 2021, 105(1), РР. 401–415

57

Characterization of cadmium-tolerant endophytic fungi isolated from soybean (Glycine max) and barley (Hordeum vulgare)

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08240

Q1, IF=2,85

Cadmium stress disrupts plant-microbial interactions and reduces plant growth and development. In plants, the tolerance to stress can be increased by inoculation with endophytic microorganisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of endophytic fungi in various plant organs of barley and soybean and evaluate their Cd removal ability.

Two hundred fifty-three fungal strains were isolated from various organs of barley (Hordeum vulgare cv Arna) and soybean (Glycine max cv Almaty). The colonization rate ranged from 13.6% to 57.3% and was significantly higher in the roots. Ten genera were identified: Fusarium, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Metarhizium, Beauveria, Trichoderma, Rhodotorula, Cryptococcus, Aureobasidium and Metschnikowia. Twenty-three fungal strains have a Cd tolerance index from 0.24 to 1.12. Five strains (Beauveria bassiana T7, Beauveria bassiana T15, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa MK1, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa RH2, Metschnikowia pulcherrima MP2) with the highest level of Cd tolerance have minimum inhibitory concentrations from 290 to 2400 μg/ml. These fungi were able to remove Cd up to 59%. The bioaccumulation capacity ranged from 2.3 to 11.9 mg/g.

Aida Kistaubayeva, Yelena V Brazhnikova, Togzhan Mukasheva, Anel Omirbekova Characterization of cadmium-tolerant endophytic fungi isolated from soybean (Glycine max) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) // Heliyon 7(11) 2021. – Volume 7, Issue 11, November 2021. Q1 CiteScore по базе Scopus 75%%. SJR 0.46

58

Screening and Characterization of Emulsifying Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria from Coastal Waters of the Caspian Sea

doi:10.17818/NM/2021/2.2.

Q3, IF=0,841 SJR 0.33

As a result of 400 cultures screening isolated from the contaminated coastal zones of the Caspian Sea, 4 new strains were selected that had a stable growth and utilized oil with NaCl concentration close to that of seawater. Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga wkal49, Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga wkal51, Sphingobacterium kitahiroshimense wkar54, and Achromobacter sp. wkar55 were identified based on an analysis of the direct nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene fragment. The degree of oil degradation by these strains was above 50%. The hydrophobicity of the cell surface, emulsifying activity, the degree of influence on the viscosity of crude oil, and also the ability to produce surfactants were the four key factors that made up the studied parameters for the selected strains. The studied strains formed an emulsion layer on the surface of the culture medium. The most active producers of extracellular bioemulsifiers were the Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga wkal49 and Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga wkal51 strains. Both demonstrated the highest hydrophobicity, emulsification index, and the highest value for decreasing oil viscosity.

Alla Goncharova, Tatyana Karpenyuk, Aliya Kalbayeva, Togzhan Mukasheva, Nurgul Bektileuova Screening and Characterization of Emulsifying Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria from Coastal Waters of the Caspian Sea // Naše more” 68(2)/2021., pp. 74-82

60

Iron-deficiency response and differential expression of iron homeostasis related genes in spring wheat mutant lines with increased grain iron content

Crop & Pasture Science

https://doi.org/10.1071/CP21136

ABSTRACT :

Iron (Fe) is essential for plant growth and human health. Fe deficiency reduces yield and quality traits of

wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Grains of modern bread wheat varieties contain low levels of Fe, and Fe uptake and translocation in wheat grown in Fe conditions have not been studied in detail. This study investigates Fe homeostasis and biofortification in genetically stable spring wheat Almaken and Zhenis M5 mutant lines, developed with 200 Gy for higher grain Fe content. Mutant lines and parents were analysed for the expression of genes involved in Fe homeostasis under normal and deficient Fe. Wheat homologues of genes that participated in phytosiderophore (PS) synthesis and transport were significantly upregulated in the Fe-limited roots of Almaken M/1 and both Zhenis M/2 mutant lines, emphasising the role of deoxymugineic acid (DMA) in iron acquisition. The combined overexpression of SAMS, NAS1, TaNAAT, DMAS and TOM was also revealed in the roots of Almaken M/1 and both Zhenis M5 mutant lines, suggesting their involvement in PS synthesis, Fe chelation and transport. Under Fe deficiency, levels of TaYS1A encoding the wheat homologues of the metal-NA transporter YSL, also showed 2.6-, 5.1- and 5.9-fold increases in the roots of Almaken M/1 and both Zhenis M5 mutant lines, respectively. Vacuolar iron transporters (VIT2), natural resistance associated-macrophage protein (NRAMP) genes and the transcription factor basic-loop-helix (bHLH) were significantl

upregulated under Fe starvation in shoots. Fe-deficiency-related genotype-dependent and tissue-specific gene expression differences provide new insights into genes involved in iron homeostasis and biofortification genes in wheat

Saule S. Kenzhebayeva, Saule D.

Atabayeva, Fatma Sarsu. Iron-deficiency response and differential expression of iron homeostasis related genes in spring wheat mutant lines with increased grain iron content

// Crop & Pasture Science

. – 2021. – Published online: 27 October 2021

61

New spring wheat mutant resources with yellow rust resistance, improved grain morphometric parameters, and high grain protein content.

https://doi.org/10.26577/EJE.2021.v68.i3.06

Genetic variability in bread wheat concerning grain nutritional quality and physical morphometric parameters, which is a required prerequisite to improve modern varieties is limited. It is also important to combine the improved grain quality characteristics with tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses including fungal disease such as yellow rust, the most common wheat disease that significantly reduces its production. The goal of present study was to broaden the genetic variation of spring bread wheat on the basis of a rust resistant cv. Kazakhstanskay-19 and mutational selection. The doses of gamma irradiation of 300 Gy, 350 Gy, and 400 Gy treatments were applied to develop new M₄ mutant lines and search advanced resources which combine yellow rust resistance, improved grain morphometric parameters, and high grain protein content. The 300 Gy and 350 Gy radiation doses showed a significantly highest effect in an increase in grain area with the same level of action, showing its increased efficiency to cause mutations in the genes related to with this grain characteristics. The grain features such as length recorded significant variation only through 300 Gy treatment, indicating that only this lowest dose is effective for the improvement comparing with the higher level of radiation.

Kenzhebayeva S.S. Shoinbekova s.А., Zharassova D., Miatzhanova K.D., Аbekova А., Аsrandina S.Sh. Moahid Ajmal Javid. Вестник КазНУ им. Аль-Фараби, Серия экологическая, 2021, №3 (68), 55-63.

62

An approach of quantum chemical methods for the development and substantiation of the structure of new piperidine compounds

DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2021.69873.3537

Q3

The main research direction uses computational computer programs that establish the structural features of new modified piperidine compounds. The analysis of molecular models of piperidine derivatives using the semiempirical PM3 method of the HyperChem program (version 8.0.8) shows the practicality of synthesizing seven drugs and thermodynamic stability for the structures. All compounds have one nucleophilic reaction (oxygen in benzoyl radical) based on the calculations of the piperidine charges and their derivatives. The chemical stability of piperidine derivatives directly depends on the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy gap and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). All investigated model structures 4, 6, 7, 10 are nucleophiles. Compounds 2, 3, and 15 acts as electrophiles, attributed to the absence of benzyloxy radical in their structure. Based on the calculations of dipole moments, all the considered compounds have high polarity and will be readily soluble in almost all polar solvents: water and alcohol. This confirms the possibility of obtaining various dosage forms based on the investigated compounds on an industrial scale.

Boshkayeva, A., Sayakova, G., Kiyekbayeva, L., Bekbayeva, L., Dyusenova, N., Akhmetova, G., Mamurova, A., Akhmetova, A. An approach of quantum chemical methods for the development and substantiation of the structure of new piperidine compounds (2021) Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 64 (9), pp. 5143-5151.

DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2021.69873.3537

63

Analysis of urban flora of the city of Almaty (Kazakhstan)

OnLine Journal of Biological Science.—2018. - 18(3). – P.365–376 (Q 4)

DOI 10.3844/ojbsci.2018.365.376

The article contains information about the composition of urban floras in Almaty. It was revealed, that urban flora of Almaty is represented by 396 species belonging to 204 genera and 73 families. The basis of the urban flora of the city of Almaty is angiosperms (92,0%), gymnosperms are represented in the flora in 31 species (7,8%) and 1 species represented by ferns (0,25%). The class Liliopsida (monocotyledonous) is represented by 4 families or 5,4%. Class Magnoliopsida (dicotyledonous) is represented by 67 families or 91.7%. In the gardening of Almaty city, there are 54 species (25,3%) of trees and shrubs of the local (natural) flora of Kazakhstan (9 coniferous and 45 hardwoods) from 33 genera and 19 families. In the gardening of Almaty city 159 species (74,6%) of woody and shrub introducents are used, that is, plants grown in the soil outside the range of their natural distribution. Of these, 22 are coniferous and 137 hardwoods of 61 genera and 34 families. 

Sadyrova, G.A., Inelova, Z.A., Dzhamilova, S.M., Yessimsitova, Z., Dauletbaeva, M.M. Analysis of urban flora of the city of almaty (Kazakhstan) // OnLine Journal of Biological Sciencesthis link is disabled .—2018. - 18(3). – P.365–376

DOI 10.3844/ojbsci.2018.365.376

64

Anatomical and morphological changes of the juniper under the influence of heavy metals in condition of man-induced load

DOI: 10.1163/22244662-06303005 (IF=0,525; Q4 in Ecology).

Reaction of the plant body in polluted conditions allows estimating the anthropogenic impact on the environment. The aim of this work is to study anatomical and morphological changes of juniper in terms of the polymetallic pollution of the environment and under the influence of heavy metals. The assessment of some heavy metals impact on juniper was conducted after the planting of seed samples in the soil and obtaining good germination. The juniper has been treated with heavy metal solutions in the lab for 4 months. To determine the anatomical structures of the leaves of the juniper, the samples were fixed by the Strasburger-Fleming method. Under the influence of urban air, negative anatomical and morphological changes of juniper were discovered, the significant increase in the thickness of the needles, the thickness of the conducting bundle and the thickness of the epidermis was noted, that, apparently, provides higher resistance to man-induced pollution. It is shown that the process of environmental restoration can be done due to self-purification by using adsorption properties of leaves of woody plants, for example juniper, that is able to absorb heavy metals (lead, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, nickel, zinc and copper) from urban air. It was first discovered that the effects of heavy metals (lead and nickel) as the nutrient medium leads to the significant changes of the leaves’ anatomical structure (the swelling of the phloem, some decondensation in the mesophyll). The research results allow recommending the juniper for phytoremediation, bioindication and landscape gardening of cities and settlements in different countries.

Mussina, A. S., Baitasheva, G. U., Kurmanbayeva, M. S., Medeuova, G. J., Mauy, A. A., Imanova, E. M., . . . Orazbayev, K. (2018). Anatomical and morphological changes of the juniper under the influence of heavy metals in condition of man-induced load. Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution, 64(1-4), 35-43. doi:10.1163/22244662-06303005

65

Anatomical and morphological structure of Peganum harmala of Almaty region and its therapeutic properties

Pak. J. Bot. 2019. – Vol.51(2). – P.649-655

(IF 0.972, Q3 in Plant Sciences)

DOI 10.30848/PJB2019-5(38)

Peganum harmala L. (harmal) is a perennial herbaceous, multistage plant, having an ancient history of use for disinfection purposes, and in modern medicine, the relevance to the widespread use of the multi-purpose therapeutic properties of this species has increased. Evaluation of raw material base of harmal will allow balanced use as a dye and alkaloid medicinal plant in certified medicine. Peganum harmala L. showed resistance to external influences, since the influence of various environmental factors on the soil cover of southeast Kazakhstan led to an increase in degraded areas, in which it was found abundant growth of this plant. The results of geobotanical studies carried out over the last 2015-2018 show that the raw material base of Peganum harmala L. causes wide application in medicine. In connection with the rich resource of Peganum harmala L., it shows interest of local and domestic consumers for the application of raw materials in the form of an extract. In laboratory conditions, to identify signs of resistance to various conditions, complex studies were conducted to the the morphological and anatomical structure. Morphological characteristic and the anatomical structure of Peganum harmala L. were determined. Signs of stability are ring-shaped sclerenchyma in stems and roots, as well as the presence of a two-sided columnar mesophyll in leaves. To assess the therapeutic properties Peganum harmala L. experimental studies were conducted in the laboratory of pharmacodynamics and immunopharmacology and the influence of the water-alcohol extract of this plant on the metabolism of rats with alimentary obesity was investigated. 

Seilkhan A.S., Kudrina N.O., Cherepkova N.V., Kulmanov T.E., Kurmanbayeva M.S., Inelova Z.A., Shalgimbayeva S.M. Anatomical and morphological structure of Peganum harmala of Almaty region and its therapeutic properties // Pak. J. Bot., Pak. J. Bot. 2019. – Vol.51(2). – P.649-655

DOI 10.30848/PJB2019-5(38)

66

Anatomic-morphological and phytochemical study of a rare species - Rheum wittrockii Lundstr

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26577/ijbch.2020.v13.i2.09

The article presents the features of the anatomical and morphological structure of the vegetative organs of Rheum wittrokii Lundstr. and the results of its qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses. The structure of the leaf shows the presence of calcium oxalate druses, which are located mainly under the layer of columnar mesophyll, along the Central part of the leaf blade. Druses in the spongy parenchyma are clearly distinguished and have an almost spherical shape with a peculiar needle-like structure. In the main vein, sections of the sclerenchymic lining are adjacent to the conducting bundle. The covering tissue of   the roots has   a secondary structure   and is represented   by a three-layer   periderm. In the   cells of the main parenchyma of the cortex, numerous calcium oxalate druses are found, which have a round-crystal configuration and are collected in small groups. The vessels of the root xylem are large with ladder and

mesh perforation. Features of the main stem parenchyma are its larger, rounded-oblong or oval shape with slightly thickened cell walls. The revealed anatomical features can be used in the case of the diagnosis of medicinal plant raw materials. The study of the chemical composition, the study of biological activity and the   development of new   herbal medicines is   relevant. As a result   of studying the   chemical composition of   the ethanol extract   of Rheum wittrokii   obtained by extracting   96% ethanol, 8   main components were  

identified. Rhizomes are dominated by chrysophanic acid with an identification probability of 41.4%. The presence of components   was found: chrysarobin, chrysophanic acid,   emodin-3-methyl ether,   emodin-1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione, which   are directly involved   in the body’s   metabolism, providing antioxidant, antiseptic and anti-cancer effects, and also help in the removal of toxins from the body, which has a beneficial effect on the liver, increasing the level of glycogen.

Kobylina, T.N., Mukhitdinov N.M., Abidkulova K.T., Kurbatova N.V., Kudrina N.O., Alimkulova M.B., Zaltauskaite J. Anatomic-morphological and phytochemical study of a rare species - Rheum wittrockii Lundstr.// International Journal of Biology and Chemistry, [S.l.], v. 13, n. 2, p. 69-79, jan. 2021. ISSN 2409-370X.

https://doi.org/10.26577/ijbch.2020.v13.i2.09

67

Anatomy of the vegetative organs of rare and endangered species Crambe tatarica Sebeok. (Brassicaceae) growing in the conditions of the Aktobe region

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26577/ijbch-2019-1-i10

The article presents the results of a study of the anatomy of the vegetative organs (roots, leaves and petioles) of rare and endangered plant species Crambe tatarica Sebeok, growing in the Aktobe region of Kazakhstan. The studied plants were collected from two populations: the first population was found in the chalk mountains of Akshatau, in the vicinity of the village of Koktogay, the Wilsky district, and the second population was found in the chalk mountains of Ishkargantau, the village of Karabulak, the Khobdinsky district. This species belongs to mesoxerophytes and calcephytes. According to the available literature, in Kazakhstan C. tatarica has the status of 3b (R) – rare, relict species. Some representatives of the genus Crambe L. are important economic species because they are oilseed, melliferous, fodder and medicinal plants. Study of the roots of C. tatarica revealed the presence of the phloem parenchyma, radial rays, xylem parenchyma and cells of a mechanical tissue, brachisclereids. In the internal structure of leaf numerous starch grains were noted in the parenchyma; brachisclereides were often found on periphery of the leaf, and sclerenchyma cells were apparent in the center of vascular bundles. Large number of vascular bundles was noted in the petioles; the outer wall of the epidermis cells was thickened. In the studied organs, no large cells with a liquid content were found. The obtained information on features of the anatomical structure of roots, leaves and petioles of C. tatarica will be used in the future for diagnostics of the raw plant material, and in the studies of its phytochemical composition

Turalin, B A., N. V. Kurbatova, M. S. Kurmanbayeva, K. T. Abidkulova, A. A. Bazargaliyeva, and A. N. Kupriyanov. 2019. “Anatomy of the Vegetative Organs of Rare and Endangered Species Crambe Tatarica Sebeok. (Brassicaceae) Growing in the Conditions of the Aktobe Region”. International Journal of Biology and Chemistry 12 (1):78-85. https://doi.org/10.26577/ijbch-2019-1-i10.

68

Anthropogenic impacts on population structure and floristic composition of Black Saxaul (Haloxylon

aphyllum Minkw.) woodlands in ili delta region, Kazakhstan

https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85019254358&origin=resultslist#metrics Q3

Haloxylon aphyllum Minkw. (Black Saxaul) is the main forest forming species in Kazakhstan. While the latter is a rain fed shrub distributed on sand dunes, the former is a phreatophyte, which uses groundwater as water source. Therefore, Black Saxaul is mainly distributed on current and Ancient river terraces. Saxaul played and still plays an important role as fodder plant and fuel wood for herders in the Turanian Deserts. Due to over-grazing and over-exploitation for fuel wood during the past fifty years, the Saxaul dominated vegetation has been considerably degraded. Haloxylon woodlands which grow in desert ecosystems suffer from anthropogenic effect severely. Our study concerned human impact on woodland structure and biodiversity of populations. In the study it was done a distribution of trees by classes according to root collar diameter, density, regeneration, and analysis of floristic composition of plots with various level of anthropogenic effect. All sites suffered from human activity, and were on different stage of regeneration. As a result of clean cuttings in the past the majority of woodlands present homogeneous size structure. The most disturbed plots show random structure of populations and very low level of regeneration or lack of it. When plots are disturbed reasonably regeneration of Saxaul populations goes well, especially on plots with density equal to up to 1000 shrubs/ha. The plot which is located very far from residential areas was studied having the most sustainable structure under favourable growth conditions. Biodiversity level is higher on plots with less anthropogenic effect. Nevertheless, both sites show intrusion of weed and ungrazed plants.

Zhaglovskaya, A.A., Aidosova, S.S., Akhtayeva, N.Z., Mamurova, A.T., Yessimova, D.D., Azhaev,

G.S.

Anthropogenic impacts on population structure and floristic composition of Black Saxaul (Haloxylon

aphyllum Minkw.) woodlands in ili delta region, Kazakhstan

(2016) Ecology, Environment and Conservation, 22 (3), pp. 1565-1575.

69

Anthropogenic impacts on population structure and floristic composition of Black Saxaul (Haloxylon

aphyllum Minkw.) woodlands in Hi Delta region, Kazakhstan

https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85002840480&origin=resultslist

Q3

Haloxylon aphyllum Minkw. (Black Saxaul) is the main forest forming species in Kazakhstan. While the latter is a rain fed shrub distributed on sand dunes, the former is a phreatophyte, which uses groundwater as water source. Therefore, Black Saxaul is mainly distributed on current and Ancient river terraces. Saxaul played and still plays an important role as fodder plant and fuel wood for herders in the Turanian Deserts. Due to over-grazing and over-exploitation for fuel wood during the past fifty years, the Saxaul dominated vegetation has been considerably degraded. Haloxylon woodlands which grow in desert ecosystems suffer from anthropogenic effect severely. Our study concerned human impact on woodland structure and biodiversity of populations. In the study it was done a distribution of trees by classes according to root collar diameter, density, regeneration, and analysis of floristic composition of plots with various level of anthropogenic effect. All sites suffered from human activity, and were on different stage of regeneration. As a result of clean cuttings in the past the majority of woodlands present homogeneous size structure. The most disturbed plots show random structure of populations and very low level of regeneration or lack of it. When plots are disturbed reasonably regeneration of Saxaul populations goes well, especially on plots with density equal to up to 1000 shrubs/ha. The plot which is located very far from residential areas was studied having the most sustainable structure under favourable growth conditions. Biodiversity level is higher on plots with less anthropogenic effect. Nevertheless, both sites show intrusion of weed and ungrazed plants.

Zhaglovskaya, A.A., Aidosova, S.S., Akhtayeva, N.Z., Mamurova, A.T., Yessimova, D.D., Azhaev,

G.S.

Anthropogenic impacts on population structure and floristic composition of Black Saxaul (Haloxylon

aphyllum Minkw.) woodlands in Hi Delta region, Kazakhstan

(2016) Ecology, Environment and Conservation, 22 (3), pp. 1559-1569.

70

Architectural traits in response to salinity of wheat primary roots

DOI: 10.30848/PJB2020-3(39) (IF=0,949; Q3 in Botany).

In this study, morphological and anatomical properties of a rare species Anthemis trotzkiana Claus were investigated. Morphology structure of flower, seed, leaf, root and anatomical structure of root, stem, leaves and molecular phylogenetics Anthemis trotzkiana from Aktobe region of the Kazakhstan are also studied. Anthemis trotzkiana Claus (Asteraceae) is a rare and an endemic species of the Volga region and the Western Kazakhstan. The species is calcefite, occurs on sediments of cretaceous rocks and for research features substratum were studied regarding chemical structure of soil from different horizon. The anatomical results showed that the roots have tetrachium xylem rays and schizogenic channels. When comparing the anatomical structure of virginal roots in three populations, it was found that the morphometric parameters of plants in the 1-2nd populations were high, while the data of the 3rd population were lower. The epidermis of the leaf is strongly cutinized and leaves are isolateral, the palisade mesophyll is found on both sides of the leaf. This is peculiar to xerophilous plants. The abundance of essential oils clearly indicates the healing characteristics of the plant and is the basis for studying of essential oils of the leaf. In the paper, also were determined unique molecular markers of the species and used for the creation of a phylogenetic tree.To clarify the taxonomic provision of rare A. trotzkiana phylogenetic analysis based on the change of the sequence ITS nrDNA of Anthemideae representatives was conducted. For molecular resear chDNA analysis on phylogeny of A. trotzkiana was conducted based on ITS (internal transcribed spacers) markers. Alignment of Anthemissequences was performed using nucleotide sequences available at the NCBI and MEGA 6 package. The Neighbor Joining phylogenetic tree suggested that А. trotzkiana along with А. marschalliana, А. futiculosa, and А. calcarea form a single cluster within Tanacetum clade, while other Anthemis species formed a separate Anthemis clade. © 2020, Pakistan Botanical Society. All rights reserved.

Izbastina, K., Kurmanbayeva, M., Bazargaliyeva, A., Ablaikhanova, N., Inelova, Z., Moldakaryzova, A., . . . Turuspekov, Y. (2020). Morphological, anatomical structure and molecular phylogenetics of anthemis trotzkiana claus. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 52(3), 935-947. doi:10.30848/PJB2020-3(39)

71

Architectural traits in response to salinity of wheat primary roots

DOI: 10.1007/s11738-019-2948-0 (IF=2,39; Q2 in Plant Science).

This article provides a study on morphological and anatomical changes during post-embryonic development of roots in plants under saline stress. The influence of salinity on the architecture of root related to the species-specificity of wheat plants is shown. The important roles of thickness of the epiblema and length of root hairs, the thickness of the endoderm and the diameter of the central cylinder under salt stress appear worthy of note. It is shown that both the water content of roots cells and its chromosomal apparatus are affected by salt stress. In addition to a very strong plasmolysis, the compression and fragmentation of the nuclei were noted, which resulted into their destruction and cell death. On the basis of all considered parameters the studied species can be arranged in the following according their resistance to salinity: T. polonicum < T. compactum < T. aestivum < T. dicoccum. This is confirmed by the data of ion balance of Na⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺ in primary roots of different wheat species. © 2019, Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków.

Terletskaya, N., Duisenbayeva, U., Rysbekova, A., Kurmanbayeva, M., & Blavachinskaya, I. (2019). Architectural traits in response to salinity of wheat primary roots. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 41(9) doi:10.1007/s11738-019-2948-0

72

Assessment of ecosystem services of the wetlands in the Ili River Delta, Kazakhstan

DOI:10.1007/s12665-016-6346-2

Central Asia is the region with the worldwide highest number of endorheic or closed river basins. Many of those river basins are transboundary ones. Following the desiccation of the Aral Sea, Lake Balkhash has become the largest lake of Central Asia with an area of 17,000 km2. The Ili Delta, in total 8000 km2 large, is the largest natural delta and wetland complex of Central Asia. Seventy percent of the Ili River’s runoff is generated in China. So, the Ili Delta is a showcase for a wetland complex lying downstream in a transboundary river basin. The objective of this paper is to assess the area and distribution of the wetlands and Phragmites australis-dominated reed vegetation as major natural ecosystems in the Ili Delta and their associated ecosystem services. An analysis of Rapid Eye satellite images revealed that there are wetlands and reed vegetation on a total area of 211,778 ha in the Ili Delta.

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА АВТОРА: Biomass; Livestock; Phragmites australis; Raw material; Remote sensing; Tourism

Thevs, N., Beckmann, V., Akimalieva, A., Köbbing, J.F., Nurtazin, S., Hirschelmann, S., Piechottka, T., Salmurzauli, R., Baibagysov, A.

Assessment of ecosystem services of the wetlands in the Ili River Delta, Kazakhstan

(2017) Environmental Earth Sciences, 76 (1), статья № 30, .

73

Biomass resources of Phragmites australis in Kazakhstan: Historical developments, utilization, and prospects

 https://doi.org/10.3390/resources9060074

Common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Ex Steud.) is a highly productive wetland plant and a potentially valuable source of renewable biomass worldwide. There is more than 10 million ha of reed area globally, distributed mainly across Eurasia followed by America and Africa. The literature analysis in this paper revealed that Kazakhstan alone harbored ca. 1,600,000-3,000,000 ha of reed area, mostly distributed in the deltas and along the rivers of the country. Herein, we explored the total reed biomass stock of 17 million t year-1 which is potentially available for harvesting in the context of wise use of wetlands. The aim of this paper is to reveal the distribution of reed resource potential in wetland areas of 13 provinces of Kazakhstan and the prospects for its sustainable utilization. Reed can be used as feedstock as an energy source for the production of pellets and biofuels, as lignocellulosic biomass for the production of high strength fibers for novel construction and packaging materials, and innovative polymers for lightweight engineering plastics and adhesive coatings. Thereby, it is unlikely that reed competes for land that otherwise is used for food production. © 2020 by the authors.

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА АВТОРА: Bioeconomy; Central Asia; Feedstock; Reed beds;   Soviet socialist republics;   Utilization; Wetlands

Baibagyssov, A., Thevs, N., Nurtazin, S., Waldhardt, R., Beckmann, V., Salmurzauly, R.

Biomass resources of Phragmites australis in Kazakhstan: Historical developments, utilization, and prospects

(2020) Resources, 9 (6), статья № 74, .

74

Central Asia’s Ili River ecosystem as a wicked problem: Unraveling complex interrelationships at the interface of water, energy, and food

https://doi.org/10.3390/w10050541

The Ili River originates in the mountains of Xinjiang, China, and flows across an increasingly arid landscape before terminating in Kazakhstan’s Lake Balkhash, which has no outlet to the ocean. The river has been extensively impounded and diverted over the past half century to produce hydroelectric power and food on irrigated land. Water withdrawals are increasing to the extent that they are beginning to threaten the ecosystem, just as it is becoming stressed by altered inflows as glaciers retreat and disappear. If the Ili River ecosystem is to be preserved, it is crucial that we thoroughly understand the spatial and temporal nuances of the interrelationships between water, energy, and food-and the vulnerability of these components to climate change. The ecosystem has all of the characteristics of a classically-defined “wicked problem”, and so it warrants treatment as a complex and dynamic challenge subject to changing assumptions, unexpected consequences, and strong social and economic overtones. Research should thus focus not just on new knowledge about the water, energy, or food component, but on advancing our understanding of the ecosystem as a whole. This will require the participation of interdisciplinary teams of researchers with both tacit and specialized knowledge. © 2018 by the authors.

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА АВТОРА: Central Asia; Ili River; Kapchagai dam and reservoir; Lake Balkhash; Water-energy-food; Wicked problems

Pueppke, S.G., Nurtazin, S.T., Graham, N.A., Qi, J.

Central Asia’s Ili River ecosystem as a wicked problem: Unraveling complex interrelationships at the interface of water, energy, and food

(2018) Water (Switzerland), 10 (5), статья № 541, .

75

Challenges for sustainable use of the fish resources from Lake Balkhash, a fragile lake in an arid ecosystem

https://doi.org/10.3390/su10041234

Lake Balkhash is the largest water body in Central Asia. More than three-quarters of its inflow comes from the Ili River, which is under increasing strain due to the diversion of water for energy and food production. Commercial fishing in Lake Balkhash began in 1929 and is currently in a state of crisis. The construction of the Balkhash dam and reservoir in the late 1960s reduced Ili River flows into the lake and upset the natural cycle of spring floods, which greatly reduced spawning and feeding areas for carp (Cyprinus carpio). Carp populations were consequently reduced by more than 90% during the filling of the reservoir and have not recovered, even though the lake’s level subsequently rose. Catches of carp and freshwater bream (Abramis brama orientalis) have shown an inverse relationship since the 1960s, and the age structure of freshwater bream is changing. Historically, most captured fish of this species were 4-to 7-years-old, but smaller, 3-to 5-year-old fish have dominated recent catches. Poaching, government disinterest, lack of enforcement of fishing regulations, and the economic challenges faced by today’s small fishing enterprises all contribute to the problem. © 2018 by the authors.

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА АВТОРА: Arid river basins;   Fisheries; Hydrological regimes; Ili River delta; Lake Balkhash; Overfishing; Poaching

ТИП ДОКУМЕНТА: Article

Pueppke, S.G., Iklasov, M.K., Beckmann, V., Nurtazin, S.T., Thevs, N., Sharakhmetov, S., Hoshino, B.

Challenges for sustainable use of the fish resources from Lake Balkhash, a fragile lake in an arid ecosystem

(2018) Sustainability (Switzerland), 10 (4)

76

Change in leaf anatomical parameters of seedlings of different wheat species under conditions of drought and salt stress

(IF=0,949; Q3 in Botany).

There were studied the anatomic parameters of leaves of 10-day-old seedlings of 7 different species of wheat after 72 hours of drought or salt stress and identified key areas of adaptation juvenile leaf tissue to adverse environmental factors. To detect differences between species and between groups of species differing in ploidy level there were identified anatomical features of the structure of each of the leaves of the studied species, grown under normal conditions and under the action of osmotic and salt stress. There were studied anatomical parameters of inner and external surface of the leaf. It was revealed that osmotic stress has an impact on the studied parameters of leaves of all the studied species. Analyzing the data, we can speak of a high adaptive capacity of tetraploid wheat species T. dicoccum Shuebl., T. polonicum L. and T. aethiopicum Jakubz. virtually all considered the anatomical parameters of the leaves. The results of this study show that indicators such as the increase in stress dimensions of protective and mechanical tissue and the mesophyll appear to be good criteria for selection of stress resistant forms of wheat.

Change in leaf anatomical parameters of seedlings of different wheat species under conditions of drought and salt stress

77

Chemical composition and phagocyte immunomodulatory activity of Ferula iliensis essential oils

https://jlb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1189/jlb.3A1216-518RR

Essential oil extracts from Ferula iliensis have been used traditionally in Kazakhstan for treatment of inflammation and other illnesses. Because little is known about the biologic activity of these essential oils that contributes to their therapeutic properties, we analyzed their chemical composition and evaluated their phagocyte immunomodulatory activity. The main components of the extracted essential oils were (E)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (15.7–39.4%) and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (23.4–45.0%). Ferula essential oils stimulated [Ca2+]i mobilization in human neutrophils and activated ROS production in human neutrophils and murine bone marrow phagocytes. Activation of human neutrophil [Ca2+]i flux by Ferula essential oils was dose-dependently inhibited by capsazepine, a TRPV1 channel antagonist, indicating that TRPV1 channels mediate this response. Furthermore, Ferula essential oils stimulated Ca2+ influx in TRPV1 channel–transfected HEK293 cells and desensitized the capsaicin-induced response in these cells. Additional molecular modeling with known TRPV1 channel agonists suggested that the active component is likely to be (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide. Our results provide a cellular and molecular basis to explain at least part of the beneficial therapeutic properties of FEOs.

Chemical composition and phagocyte immunomodulatory activity of Ferula iliensis essential oils

78

Chemical research and biological activity of plants of the genus Atraphaxis (A. spinosa)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1491.107

In this article identifies new sources of obtaining biological substances from plants of the genus Atraphaxis (A. spinosa) prepared in the Almaty region. According to well - known methods, the analysis of indicators and standards of raw material quality-humidity, total ash, sulphate ash, insoluble ash in 10% hydrochloric acid-was developed and carried out. Micro- and macroelements determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Analysis of the elemental composition shows that iron predominates from microelements, and sodium, potassium and calcium from

macronutrients. Conditions for obtaining a biologically active complex from the aboveground part of Atraphaxis spinosa

developed for the first time. The optimal conditions for obtaining the complex are extractant – 50% ethanol, the ratio

of extractant and raw materials – 1:8, double extraction time – 48 hours, temperature – 22 - 26 °C. The lipophilic composition identified by chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Since lipophilic fractions of plant samples include such classes of compounds as fatty acids; mono-; di-; triglycerides, phospholipids, sterols, Sterol

esters, glycolipids, fat-soluble vitamins, they can considered not only as nutritional products, but also as possible pharmacological agents. The content of lipophilic components – 26 organic compounds-was determined. It found that A. spinosa contains a large amount of di - (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (54.66%) and β-sitosterol (13.11%). A complex study of plant resources as medicinal raw materials provides for the chemical study of biologically active substances and biological screening of extracts and individual compounds obtained from plants. In most cases, the extract showed a wide range of antibacterial activity against the used strains of microorganisms.

Chemical research and biological activity of plants of the genus Atraphaxis (A. spinosa)

79

Comparative characteristic of two cultivars of winter common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivated in the southeast of Kazakhstan using the drip irrigation technology

DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2017.40.49 (IF=0,703; Q4 in Agricultural Science).

The purpose of our research was studying the indicators of grain quality, productivity and analysis of anatomical stem structure during the full maturity of two cultivars of winter common wheat. Novelty of work consists in carrying out such a research using a local standard cultivar Almaly and a new cultivar SWW 2/127 grown using the drip irrigation technology. Researches were carried out in field and laboratory conditions using methods of field experiment, drip irrigation, microscopic section and biometric analysis. Stem structure of the 3^rd internode, epidermis thickness, length and width of large conducting bundles, xylem length and width, thickness of parenchyma cell and culm thickness were analyzed. SWW 2/127 cultivar demonstrated increase of the values of these traits. Other biometric indicators of SWW 2/127 cultivar such as thickness of mechanical tissue and bark, length and width of small conducting bundles demonstrated their decreasing in comparison with Almaly cultivar. Some increasing of the total quantity of small conducting bundles of the primary bark of Almaly cultivar was noted in comparison with SWW 2/127 cultivar; and vice versa decreasing of the total quantity of large conducting bundles of Almaly cultivar was observed in comparison with SWW 2/127 cultivar. Almaly cultivar had higher rates of mass of 1000 grains (51.7 g), grain nature (772 g L⁻¹), glassiness (85%), protein quantity (15.6%) and gluten quantity (34.4%). Both cultivars formed grain nature, glassiness, starch and protein quantity, gluten quantity at the level of State standards for strong and valuable wheat; gluten quality corresponded to the 2^nd group. Indicators of the ear structure of Almaly cultivar were higher than indicators of SWW 2/127 cultivar. Productivity of Almaly cultivar was 91.8 centners per a hectare, seed sowing norm was 2 million grains per a hectare; productivity of SWW 2/127 cultivar at the same norm of seed sowing was 77.4 centners per a hectare

Comparative characteristic of two cultivars of winter common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivated in the southeast of Kazakhstan using the drip irrigation technology

80

Correction: Irrigation in the ili river basin of Central Asia: From ditches to dams and diversion

https://doi.org/10.3390/w10111650

In the published article [1], the correct estimate for the volume of water in Kapchagay Reservoir as of 1987 is 12,000 m3 × 106 and not 18,300 m3 × 106 as indicated in Table 2. The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused to the readers by the change. The change does not affect the scientific results. The manuscript will be updated and the original will remain online on the article webpage, with a reference to this Correction. © 2019 by the authors.

Correction: Irrigation in the ili river basin of Central Asia: From ditches to dams and diversion

81

Effect of recreational activities on the main plant communities of the trans-Ili Alatau

International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM. – 2017. - 17(52). – P.289–296

17-й процентиль

DOI 10.5593/sgem2017/52/S20.038

Excessive recreational load are altering the composition of plant communities, leading to loss of some native species and replacement their on invasive weed species. Tourism has a particularly strong impact on landscape and biological diversity of mountain territories, in particular Trans-Ili Alatau, which is experiencing increasing anthropogenic pressure on natural ecosystems, because it is located near the largest metropolis of Kazakhstan city Almaty. We have carried out studies on the effect of the recreational activities on the main plant communities of the Trans -Ili Alatau. In some gorges of the Trans-Ili Alatau at different experimental plots was made comparative assessment of disturbance of vegetation communities depending on attendance tourists. The degree of disturbance of plant communities depending on tourist routes and places of leisure was identified On the basis of the data of field research the list of indicator species of plants was compiled and the analyses of their affinity to the plant communities of the study region were carried out. A comparative evaluation of ecosystem disturbance depending on the recreational load was held. The change of plant communities on weedy communities or communities with other dominants with a strong recreational load was observed. The classical methods of floristic, geobotanical research were used. To determine the recreational load, the trial areas method in natural plant communities was used.

Effect of recreational activities on the main plant communities of the trans-Ili Alatau

82

Effect of sulfur-containing agrochemicals on growth, yield, and protein content of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr)

DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.073

(IF=4,234; Q1 in Agricultural and Biological Sciences).

In this study, effect of different forms of sulfur-containing agrochemicals on growth, yield, and protein content of soybean grains have been evaluated. Three forms were used, such as powdery, solute, and pasty, in which elemental sulfur is contained in a nanostructured state. Plants treated with powdered and solute sulfur-containing agrochemicals had the highest growth and grain yield values, and the effect of applying pasty sulfur-containing agrochemicals did not differ from the control, in which there was low yield on all variants. The use of powdered and solute sulfur-containing agrochemicals increased all protein fractions in soybeans. The results show that the use of powdered and solute sulfur-containing agrochemicals is necessary to boost the yield of soy and increase the supply of proteins in the grains. A key factor in the availability of sulfur for soybean plants is the conversion of sulfur to a nanodisperse state. This study provides relevant information about sulfur-containing agrochemicals, which can promote higher seed yields and increase the content of protein in soybeans.

Effect of sulfur-containing agrochemicals on growth, yield, and protein content of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr)

83

Effect of sulfur-containing agrochemicals on growth, yield, and protein content of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr)

DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.11.033

Q1

In this study, effect of different forms of sulfur-containing agrochemicals on growth, yield, and protein content of soybean grains have been evaluated. Three forms were used, such as powdery, solute, and pasty, in which elemental sulfur is contained in a nanostructured state. Plants treated with powdered and solute sulfur-containing agrochemicals had the highest growth and grain yield values, and the effect of applying pasty sulfur-containing agrochemicals did not differ from the control, in which there was low yield on all variants. The use of powdered and solute sulfur-containing agrochemicals increased all protein fractions in soybeans. The results show that the use of powdered and solute sulfur-containing agrochemicals is necessary to boost the yield of soy and increase the supply of proteins in the grains. A key factor in the availability of sulfur for soybean plants is the conversion of sulfur to a nanodisperse state. This study provides relevant information about sulfur-containing agrochemicals, which can promote higher seed yields and increase the content of protein in soybeans.

Effect of sulfur-containing agrochemicals on growth, yield, and protein content of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr)

84

Endemics and subendemics species diversity of ketpen ridge flora

OnLine Journal of Biological Science – 2017. - 17(4). – P.299–308 (Q 4)

DOI 10.3844/ojbsci.2017.299.308

The article considers endemic and subendemic species composition of Ketpen ridge flora. It has been educed that in the Ketpen ridge flora there are 46 endemic and subendemic species belonging to 28 genera and 17 families. Peculiarly, there are only 5 species belonging to 5 genera and 5 families: Endemic species of the Ketpen ridge: Fabaceae, Boraginaceae, Asteraceae, Zygophyllaceae and Brassicaceae. There are 41 species of subendemic species. The largest number of subendemic species contains the families of Asteraceae (15 species), Fabaceae (9 species), Liliaceae (4 species) and Brassicaceae (4 species). A wide range of species such as Astragalus (8 species), Galatella (4 species), Tulipa (4 species), Oxytropis (3 species), Saussurea (3 species), Taraxacum (2 species), Alchemilla (2 species), Achoriphragma (2 species) stand out among the genera. The analysis of life forms has showed that 58.2% of endemic and subendemic species belongs to the core polycarpous plants that are represented in the families of Fabaceae (11 species), Asteraceae (7 species), Brassicaceae (4 species), Lamiaceae (2 species) and a small percentage (10.8%) is represented by bulbous perennials and short-stemmed polycarpicles (6.5%). 

Sadyrova, G.A., Baizhygitov, D.K., Dzhamilova, S.M.,..Inelova, Z.A., Yerubayeva, G.K. Endemics and subendemics species diversity of ketpen ridge flora // OnLine Journal of Biological Sciencesthis link is disabled. – 2017. - 17(4). – P.299–308

DOI 10.3844/ojbsci.2017.299.308

85

Features of age-related conditions of the Crambe tataria Sebeók in Western Kazakhstan

https://www.proquest.com/docview/2394935784

(IF 0,16; Q4 in in Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)

The study of age-related conditions is necessary to assess the state of populations and develop the measures for its protection. C. tataria is rare throughout the range, its habitats are often destroyed and the   plant needs widespread   protection. Despite the   high degree of   rarity and threat   of plant destruction in   natural populations, there   is extremely little   information about the   characteristics of age-related states of C. tataria. The aim of our research was to study the age-related   states of C. tataria in the   northwestern part of   Kazakhstan. Three periods   and 8 age-related   states were

distinguished in the ontogenesis of C. tataria. The duration of ontogenesis from seedlings to the old generative state makes from 12 to   30 years. In the most arid conditions, plants   remain in a virgin state indefinitely without starting to bloom, forming invasive-regressive cenopopulations. Vegetative buds on a shortened shoot are formed only among young generative species; they are not formed among middle-aged and old generative species. The incompleteness of age-related conditions does not provide population stability decrease and indicates a high plasticity of the species under extreme

conditions of Cretaceous hills

Kupriianov A.N., Turalin B.A., Kurbatova N.V., Kurmanbaeva M.S., Abidkulova K.T., Bazargaliyeva A.A. Features of age-related conditions of the Crambe tataria Sebeók in Western Kazakhstan // Eurasia J Biosci. 2020. – Vol. 14. -   Issue 1. – P.177-182. SJR 0,124

86

Floristic analysis of plant communities with the participation of a narrow Tien Shan endemic, Taraxacum kok-saghyz L.E. Rodin.

(IF=0,17; Q4 in Ecology)

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353738905_FLORISTIC_ANALYSIS_OF_PLANT_COMMUNITIES_WITH_THE_PARTICIPATION_OF_A_NARROW_TIEN_SHAN_EN-_DEMIC_TARAXACUM_KOK-SAGHYZ_LERODIN

Taraxacum kok-saghyz L.E.Rodin is a promising natural rubber source and an alternative to Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Mull.Arg. At the same time, T. kok-saghyz is a narrow endemic and a rare species with decreasing population size due to degradation of its natural habitat. Therefore, it is listed in the Red Data Book of Kazakhstan. Despite a large number of studies addressed various characteristics of this plant, the data on the floristic composition of plant communities it is part of are limited. The aim of our studies was to assess the floristic composition of plant communities with the participation of T. kok-saghyz. The article presents the most complete, up-to-date list of the flora comprising 169 species belonging to 110 genera and 35 families. We present the results of an analysis including taxonomic, chorological and ecological data, identified the basic spectrum consisting of 29 species which are the most characteristic indicators of the plant communities studied. For the first time, the ‘core’ of the flora was determined, consisting of 14 species. According to the habitat type, most of the basic spectrum was formed by mountain species (14) including one narrow endemic (Ketmentau), followed by Palaearctic species (8). According to ecological preferences, the following groups were distinguished: mesophytes (9 species), mesoxerophytes (7 species), and halophytes of various types (9 species). The share of species preferring saline habitats (halophytes) was 31.4 %. The most similar (Koch’s index of biotal dispersity of 23.1 %) were communities at the western border of the surveyed area, and the value of the index gradually decreased towards the eastern border (from 22.7 % to 18.7 %). The results obtained can be important in the further studies on the populations of T. kok-saghyz, in searching for potential habitats and organizing population monitoring.

Anna A. Ivashchenko, Nashtay Mukhitdinov, Karime T. Abidkulova, Abibulla Ametov, Alexander Tashev, and Alibek Ydyrys. Floristic analysis of plant communities with the participation of a narrow Tien Shan endemic, Taraxacum kok-saghyz L.E. Rodin. // Forestry Ideas, 2021, Vol. 27, No. 1: 195-209.

87

Genetic diversity and population genetic structure of the endangered Kazakh endemic Oxytropis almaatensis (Fabaceae)

DOI: 10.1556/034.2018.1 (IF=1,06; Q2 in Plant Science).

The central Asian narrow endemic species Oxytropis almaatensis is a highly endangered plant with a very restricted distribution in the Tian Shan Mountains. In this study, we present the basic conservation genetic characteristics of this species based on a DNA fingerprinting approach in order to provide yardsticks for official conservation agencies to develop an informed conservation strategy. The three currently known populations with two allopatric subpopulations at each site were sampled in the Trans-Ili Alatau Mountains (S Kazakhstan) and subject to AFLP analysis using four primer combinations. This was supplemented by flow cytometry of plants with remarkably different body sizes to check for possible ploidy differences. The presence or absence of AFLP bands was used in downstream analyses uti-lising various population genetic approaches. Genetic diversity of O. almaatensis was found to be on the upper end of the spectrum typical for other outcrossing species of similar life-history characteristics. Most of the genetic variation was attributable to within (sub) population variance, and we also found a remarkable gene flow between the populations. However, the geographically closer populations were found to be more close to each other genetically, and population differentiation showed the same pattern with a significant isolation by distance. Similar patterns were not found for subpopulations of the geographically more close populations, and the subpopulations living along the same river valley were found to be genetically more cohesive. Flow cytometry did not reveal any difference in DNA content between the small and large forms of the species. All these results suggest the presence of two separate populations at the three localities of this species. Conservation efforts should focus on these two populations, and, given the relatively high genetic diversity within each population, both ex situ and in situ conservation measures can be effectively carried out based on the currently known populations of this narrow endemic species.

Almerekova, S., Lisztes-Szabó, Z., Mukhitdinov, N., Kurmanbayeva, M., Abidkulova, K., & Sramkó, G. (2018). Genetic diversity and population genetic structure of the endangered kazakh endemic oxytropis almaatensis (fabaceae). Acta Botanica Hungarica, 60(3-4), 263-278. doi:10.1556/034.2018.1

88

Geographical and ecological characteristics of rainbow trout naturalized population in Kazakhstan

International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM. -2017. - 17(52). - P. 427–432

17-й процентиль

DOI 10.5593/sgem2017/52/S20.055

In the 1970s the rainbow trout species (Parasalmo (O.) mykiss Walbaum, 1792) had been introduced in Kazakhstan water bodies by three batches from Kamchatka nurseries (Russia). Investigations of condition of the introduced trout have not been performed since 1982. We conducted the field researches in two lakes and six rivers in the Almaty region (Republic of Kazakhstan) during 2015-2016. Geographical and hydrological characteristics had been studied directly during expeditions, made in six river heads, along their channels till the fishing places. We also travelled to the two high altitude lakes. We examined the rainbow trout population on the comprehensive analysis basis. The research results showed that the hydrochemical condition of investigated six mountain rivers was satisfactory. However we determined the rainbow trout presence only in three rivers of the Almaty region. The rainbow trout population level was high. Fish numbers varied with hydrochemical and trophic aquatic conditions. We tested water quality on nine physical and chemical water indicators. Biometric data of the trout bions showed a good growth and fatness according to Fulton’s condition factor, as well as their high reproductive potential.

Mynbayeva B.N., Yerubayeva G.K., Tanybaeva A.K., Suvorova M.A., Inelova Z.A. Geographical and ecological characteristics of rainbow trout naturalized population in Kazakhstan // International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM. -2017. - 17(52). - P. 427–432

DOI 10.5593/sgem2017/52/S20.055

89

Heavy metal accumulation in plants of atyrau region

Pak. J. Bot., Pak. J. Bot. - 2018, 50(6). – P.2259–2263

(IF 0.972, Q3 in Plant Sciences)

This article represents data on determination of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Mn, Co, Ni) in the samples of dominant plants and soils of Atyrau region in Kazakhstan. High population density and enhanced agriculture and industrial activity are main reasons for pollution and degradation of vegetation in these areas. Accumulation of heavy metals in forage plants and subsequent transfer of metals along the food chain might have a negative impact on the health of the population. The areas for sample collection were as follows: Point 1 (Atyrau, farm, Ulan), Point 2 (Kulsary, v. Turgysba) and Point 3 (v. Inder, farm, Isayev). The ability for heavy metal accumulation was different in various plant species. It was revealed that Artemisia terrae-albae was able to accumulate the highest concentration of the heavy metals namely lead, zinc, nickel and manganese compared with the other species. Tamarix ramosissima and Ceratocarpus arenarius were distinctive as having the least amount of heavy metals compared with the other species growing in similar environmental conditions. In all the studied areas the content of heavy metals was within the maximum permissible level. However, it was observed that the insignificant evaluation of zinc and cobalt up to 1.09-1.72 MPC might be related to physiographic and geologic factors of the studied area.

Inelova, Z., Nesterova, S., Yerubayeva, G., Seitkadyr, K., Zaparina, Y. Heavy metal accumulation in plants of atyrau region // Pak. J. Bot., Pak. J. Bot. - 2018, 50(6). – P.2259–2263

90

Hieracium pilosella L. – новый адвентивный вид для флоры Тянь-Шаня (Казахстан)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.24.1.3

(IF=0,35; Q3 in Ecology)

Приводятся сведения о находке Hieracium pilosella L. в долине реки Иссык на северном склоне хребта Заилийский Алатау. Описано местообитание вида, состав растительного сообщества с его участием, представлены данные о плотности популяции вида, соотношении генеративных и вегетативных особей. Появление этого адвентивного вида в ближайших окрестностях г. Алматы в последнее десятилетие связано, скорее всего, с усиливающейся рекреационной нагрузкой на данной территории.

Иващенко А. А., Абидкулова К. Т. Hieracium pilosella L. – новый адвентивный вид для флоры Тянь-Шаня (Казахстан) // Turczaninowia, 2021. Т. 24. № 1. С. 21-24. URL: http://turczaninowia.asu.ru/article/view/9289.

https://doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.24.1.3

91

Influence of new sulfur-containing fertilizers on performance of wheat yield

DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.073

(IF=4,234; Q1 in Agricultural and Biological Sciences).

Wheat is the main cereal crop in Kazakhstan and fertilizers play an important role in enhancing harvest growth. In this study, the impact of new sulfur-containing fertilizers on the growth and yield of wheat was evaluated, and the resistance of varieties to Puccinia triticina Erikss was also investigated. (also known as Puccinia recondite Rob. ex Desm.) for recommendations in agriculture. The study was conducted from 2017 to 2020 in a nursery and greenhouse. The sulfur-containing fertilizer contains nutrients that allow you to extend the duration of absorption by the plant, thereby extending the period of their availability to plants, compared to conventional preparations. By encapsulating molten elemental sulfur and impregnating with a solution of calcium polysulfide, a long-acting compound based on amorphous and monocalcium phosphate was developed. The sulfur is in a water-soluble sulfate form, which, in turn, is slowly oxidized by bacteria and retained in the soil. Three different types of the developed sulfur-containing nano-particle have been used to test in greenhouses and nurseries: powdered, pasty sulfur-containing composition, and a solution of calcium polysulfide. The results showed that the use of powdered and dissolved sulfur-containing fertilizers contributed to the early ripeness and increased productivity of wheat. Wheat varieties were tested for the presence of key Lr genes that determine resistance to brown rust. The Omskaya 29 sample showed an immune response according to phytopathological assessment, and molecular screening revealed four resistance genes. The new sulfur-containing product is recommended for improving wheat productivity in agriculture, and the Omskaya 29 variety can also be used as a valuable breeding material resistant to brown rust.

Kurmanbayeva, M., Sekerova, T., Tileubayeva, Z., Kaiyrbekov, T., Kusmangazinov, A., Shapalov, S., . . . Bachilova, N. (2021). Influence of new sulfur-containing fertilizers on performance of wheat yield. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 28(8), 4644-4655. doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.073

92

Endemics and subendemics species diversity of ketpen ridge flora

OnLine Journal of Biological Science – 2017. - 17(4). – P.299–308 (Q 4)

DOI 10.3844/ojbsci.2017.299.308

The article considers endemic and subendemic species composition of Ketpen ridge flora. It has been educed that in the Ketpen ridge flora there are 46 endemic and subendemic species belonging to 28 genera and 17 families. Peculiarly, there are only 5 species belonging to 5 genera and 5 families: Endemic species of the Ketpen ridge: Fabaceae, Boraginaceae, Asteraceae, Zygophyllaceae and Brassicaceae. There are 41 species of subendemic species. The largest number of subendemic species contains the families of Asteraceae (15 species), Fabaceae (9 species), Liliaceae (4 species) and Brassicaceae (4 species). A wide range of species such as Astragalus (8 species), Galatella (4 species), Tulipa (4 species), Oxytropis (3 species), Saussurea (3 species), Taraxacum (2 species), Alchemilla (2 species), Achoriphragma (2 species) stand out among the genera. The analysis of life forms has showed that 58.2% of endemic and subendemic species belongs to the core polycarpous plants that are represented in the families of Fabaceae (11 species), Asteraceae (7 species), Brassicaceae (4 species), Lamiaceae (2 species) and a small percentage (10.8%) is represented by bulbous perennials and short-stemmed polycarpicles (6.5%). 

Sadyrova, G.A., Baizhygitov, D.K., Dzhamilova, S.M.,..Inelova, Z.A., Yerubayeva, G.K. Endemics and subendemics species diversity of ketpen ridge flora // OnLine Journal of Biological Sciencesthis link is disabled. – 2017. - 17(4). – P.299–308

DOI 10.3844/ojbsci.2017.299.308

93

Investigation of essential oils from three natural populations of Lonicera iliensis.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10600-016-1765-6

Lonicera iliensis Pojark. (Caprifoliaceae) is a rare and almost endemic species placed into the Red Book of Kazakhstan[1]. The constituent compositions and biological activities of essential oils (EO) from L. caprifolium L.,   L. japonica Thunb.,and L.   nummulariifolia Jaub. & Spach were reported [2–6].The goal of the present work was to study the chemical composition and enantiomeric ratios of several constituents of EO obtained from three natural populations of   L. iliensis growing in Kazakhstan (Almaty District). This is the first report onthe composition of volatile constituents from L. iliensis

Kushnarenko S. V., Karasholakova L. N., Ozek G., Abidkulova K. T., Mukhitdinov N. M.,   Baser K. H. C., Ozek T. Investigation of essential oils from three natural populations of Lonicera iliensis // Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Vol. 52, No. 4, July, 2016.- pp.751-753. DOI 10.1007/s10600-016-1765-6

94

Irrigation in the Ili River basin of central Asia: From ditches to dams and diversion

 https://doi.org/10.3390/w10111650

Central Asia’s Ili River is fed by mountain streams that flow down into an isolated and arid basin that today is shared by Kazakhstan and China. Agriculture in the basin is dependent upon irrigation, which was practiced as long ago as the Iron Age, when early pastoralists constructed ditches to channel water from streams onto nearby fields. Irrigation had become much more common by the 18^th century, when the region was controlled by the Dzungarian Khanate. The khanate was toppled by the Qing Chinese in the 1750s in the first of a series of confrontations that destroyed and then rebuilt the basin’s agricultural economy. Declining soil fertility, salinization, pollution, insufficient inflows and adverse economic conditions currently challenge irrigation across the entire basin. Investments are being made in new technologies as a means to sustain irrigated agriculture in the basin, but it remains to be seen if these strategies will be successful. © 2018 by the authors.

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА АВТОРА: Ili River; Irrigated agriculture; Loess; Salinization; Sierozemsoils; Transboundary river basins

Pueppke, S.G., Zhang, Q., Nurtazin, S.T.

Irrigation in the Ili River basin of central Asia: From ditches to dams and diversion

(2018) Water (Switzerland), 10 (11), статья № 1650, .

95

Modulation of Human Neutrophil Responses by the Essential Oils from Ferula akitschkensis and Their Constituents

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03205

(IF 2.8;   Q1 in Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)

Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of the umbels+seeds and stems of Ferula akitschkensis (FAEOu/s and FAEOstm, respectively) and analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Fifty-two compounds were identified in FAEOu/s; the primary components were sabinene, α-pinene, β-pinene, terpinen-4-ol, eremophilene, and 2-himachalen-7-ol, whereas the primary components of FAEOstm were myristicin and geranylacetone. FAEOu/s, β-pinene, sabinene, γ-terpinene, geranylacetone, isobornyl acetate, and (E)-2-nonenal stimulated [Ca2+]i mobilization in human neutrophils, with the most potent being geranylacetone (EC50 = 7.6 ± 1.9 μM) and isobornyl acetate 6.4 ± 1.7 (EC50 = 7.6 ± 1.9 μM). In addition, treatment of neutrophils with β-pinene, sabinene, γ-terpinene, geranylacetone, and isobornyl acetate desensitized the cells to N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF)- and interleukin-8 (IL-8)-induced [Ca2+]i flux and inhibited fMLF-induced chemotaxis. The effects of β-pinene, sabinene, γ-terpinene, geranylacetone, and isobornyl acetate on neutrophil [Ca2+]i flux were inhibited by transient receptor potential (TRP) channel blockers. Furthermore, the most potent compound, geranylacetone, activated Ca2+ influx in TRPV1-transfected HEK293 cells. In contrast, myristicin inhibited neutrophil [Ca2+]i flux stimulated by fMLF and IL-8 and inhibited capsaicin-induced Ca2+ influx in TRPV1-transfected HEK293 cells. These findings, as well as pharmacophore modeling of TRP agonists, suggest that geranylacetone is a TRPV1 agonist, whereas myristicin is a TRPV1 antagonist. Thus, at least part of the medicinal properties of Ferula essential oils may be due to modulatory effects on TRP channels.

Schepetkin I.A., Kushnarenko S.V., Özek G.,  Kirpotina L.N.,  Sinharoy P.,  Utegenova G.A., Abidkulova K.T.,  Özek T.,  Başer K.H.C.,  Kovrizhina A.R.,  Khlebnikov A.I.,  Damron D.S.,  Quinn M.T. Modulation of Human Neutrophil Responses by the Essential Oils from Ferula akitschkensis and Their Constituents // Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2016. - V. – 64. – Issue 38. - P. 7156-7170

96

Morphogenetic and biochemical study on university common bean collection

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences. – 2017. - 17(4), P. 335–342

(Q 4)

DOI 10.3844/ojbsci.2017.335.342

This research has been conducted to reveal the outcomes of rotation of crops in mountain and steppe districts near Almaty. The main morphogenetic characteristics have been investigated for the collection of representatives of common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. by using samples from various countries such as Kazakhstan, USA, China, Czech Republic, Poland, Turkey and Russia under different climate and soil conditions. A series of useful genetic stocks for the main economically valuable traits were detected. Several introduced varieties of common bean have showed high seed germination, maturation and significant resistance to water deficit, whereas some Kazakhstani varieties have been exceeded certain foreign specimens and varieties by weight of seeds and other parameters. It has been proven that “Luna” belonging to Czech collection would ripe the first (80 days from planting to complete technical maturity). Other varieties could approach the same conditions 10-12 days later. Using local specimen “Aktatti”, the effect of new bio organic mineral fertilizer produced by the Faculty of Chemistry has been demonstrated on morphogenetic traits of common beans. Basic catalogue of common bean resources including approximately 40 parental varieties and specimens of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and their relatives originally from different geographic regions has been compiled. It is planned to complete it by six bushy and runner representatives of French collection. The data have been completed by quantitative and qualitative amino acid evaluations. Kazakhstani and foreign cultivars and specimens respectively have been groupped by the data on amino acid composition of seeds which was analized by the method of liquid chromatography. Essential amino acids have approached approximately of total amino acids pool in Kazakhstani specimens. If tyrosinylation index (Phe/Tyr ratio) for local specimens achieved 0.90-0.95, similar index for external varieties was equal to 0.88-0.89. This difference may accentuate the role and the quality of membrane proteins in local lines strengthening a composite stability (resilience, temperature and metabolic) in comparison with international common bean specimens under present study.

Zhumabaeva, B., Dzhangalina, E., Aytasheva, Z., Inelova, Z., Chunetova, Z. Morphogenetic and biochemical study on university common bean collection // OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences. – 2017. - 17(4), P. 335–342

DOI 10.3844/ojbsci.2017.335.342

97

Morphological characteristics of a rare endemic species, Erysimum croceum M. Pop. (Brassicaceae) from Trans-Ili Alatau, Kazakhstan

https://zenodo.org/record/290339#.YY4e8VVBzIU

Erysimum croceum is a rare endemic species listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan. In 2015–2017 we studied three populations of this species on the territory of the Ile-Alatau National Park (Trans-Ili Alatau, Northern Tian-Shan). As a result of the inventory of sampling plots, we estimated the elevation range occupied by the species and identified age structure and population density. Our results confirmed earlier reports of low population counts of E. croceum. We also studied biometric characteristics of virginal and generative individuals of E. croceum from different populations, and measured parameters of their seeds. The morphometric parameters were highly variable across the studied populations. The only exception was the morphometric parameters of the seeds, which had low or very low variability. We conclude that these parameters are the most stable characteristics of the species. The results of the study can contribute to our understanding of population structure and dynamics of E. croceum and assist in developing effective conservation strategies for this species.

Abidkulova K.T., Mukhitdinov N.M., Ivashchenko A.A., Ametov A.A., Serbayeva A.D. Morphological characteristics of a rare endemic species, Erysimum croceum M. Pop. (Brassicaceae) from Trans-Ili Alatau, Kazakhstan // Modern Phytomorphology. – 2017. - № 11. – P.: 131–138.

98

Morphological, anatomical structure and molecular phylogenetics of Anthemis Trotzkiana claus

Pakistan Journal of Botany, Volume No. 53(2): 2020. – P.  935-947

(IF 0.972, Q3 in Plant Sciences)

DOI

10.30848/PJB2020-3(39)

In this study, morphological and anatomical properties of a rare species Anthemis trotzkiana Claus were investigated. Morphology structure of flower, seed, leaf, root and anatomical structure of root, stem, leaves and molecular phylogenetics Anthemis trotzkiana from Aktobe region of the Kazakhstan are also studied. Anthemis trotzkiana Claus (Asteraceae) is a rare and an endemic species of the Volga region and the Western Kazakhstan. The species is calcefite, occurs on sediments of cretaceous rocks and for research features substratum were studied regarding chemical structure of soil from different horizon. The anatomical results showed that the roots have tetrachium xylem rays and schizogenic channels. When comparing the anatomical structure of virginal roots in three populations, it was found that the morphometric parameters of plants in the 1-2nd populations were high, while the data of the 3rd population were lower. The epidermis of the leaf is strongly cutinized and leaves are isolateral, the palisade mesophyll is found on both sides of the leaf. This is peculiar to xerophilous plants. The abundance of essential oils clearly indicates the healing characteristics of the plant and is the basis for studying of essential oils of the leaf. In the paper, also were determined unique molecular markers of the species and used for the creation of a phylogenetic tree.To clarify the taxonomic provision of rare A. trotzkiana phylogenetic analysis based on the change of the sequence ITS nrDNA of Anthemideae representatives was conducted. For molecular resear chDNA analysis on phylogeny of A. trotzkiana was conducted based on ITS (internal transcribed spacers) markers. Alignment of Anthemissequences was performed using nucleotide sequences available at the NCBI and MEGA 6 package. The Neighbor Joining phylogenetic tree suggested that А. trotzkiana along with А. marschalliana, А. futiculosa, and А. calcarea form a single cluster within Tanacetum clade, while other Anthemis species formed a separate Anthemis clade.

Izbastina, K., Kurmanbayeva, M, Bazargaliyeva, A., Ablaikhanova, N., Inelova, Z., Moldakaryzova, A.,Mukhtubaeva, S.,Turuspekov, Y  Morphological, anatomical structure and molecular phylogenetics of Anthemis Trotzkiana claus // Pakistan Journal of Botany, Volume No. 53(2): 2020. – P.  935-947

DOI

10.30848/PJB2020-3(39)

99

Morphological, physiological and genetic characteristics of populations of the main plague host rhombomys opimus licht., 1823 in the central asian desert natural focus of plague

https://doi.org/10.29413/ABS.2019-4.5.22    

Revealed by morphological characters, physiological status, and genetic diversity of populations of the main plague host Rhombomys opimus Licht., 1823 in Central Asia desert natural focus is described. Differences in the skull parameters of R. opimus from different populations were revealed. It’s shown that gerbils from Moyunkum are separate autonomous populations group. Samples from Moyunkum and Mangyshlak differed from other samples. In Balkhash-Alakol depression found two regional complexes: Pre-Balkhash and Dzungarian. Study results of free amino acids level in R. opimus blood serum obtained by gas-liquid chromatography of blood sera from animals captured in different zones of Central Asian focus gave statistically significant differences. \ First cluster combined the sequences of Kazakhstan and China samples, while great gerbil captured in Kazakhstan is located in a separate treasure. Second and third clusters include sequences of a great gerbil captured in Iran. © 2019 Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems. All rights reserved.

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА АВТОРА: DNA; Great gerbil; Natural focus; Plague;   Populations; Sequencing

Nurtazin, S.T., Shevtsov, A.B., Lutsay, V.B., Ramankulov, E.M., Sayakova, Z.Z., Abdrasilova, A.A., Zhunusova, A.S., Kabysheva, N.P., Rysbekova, A.K., Sadovskaya, V.P., Eszhanov, A.B., Utepova, I.B., Berdibekov, A.T., Kulemin, M.V., Katuova, Z.U., Atshabar, B.B.

Morphological, physiological and genetic characteristics of populations of the main plague host rhombomys opimus licht., 1823 in the central sian desert natural focus of plague

(2019) Acta Biomedica Scientifica, 4 (5), pp. 139-143.

100

Neuropharmacological Effects of Quercetin: A Literature-Based Review

DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.665031

Q1

Quercetin (QUR) is a natural bioactive flavonoid that has been lately very studied for its beneficial properties in many pathologies. Its neuroprotective effects have been demonstrated in many in vitro studies, as well as in vivo animal experiments and human trials. QUR protects the organism against neurotoxic chemicals and also can prevent the evolution and development of neuronal injury and neurodegeneration. The present work aimed to summarize the literature about the neuroprotective effect of QUR using known database sources. Besides, this review focuses on the assessment of the potential utilization of QUR as a complementary or alternative medicine for preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases. An up-to-date search was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar for published work dealing with the neuroprotective effects of QUR against neurotoxic chemicals or in neuronal injury, and in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Findings suggest that QUR possess neuropharmacological protective effects in neurodegenerative brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Amyloid β peptide, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In summary, this review emphasizes the neuroprotective effects of QUR and its advantages in being used in complementary medicine for the prevention and treatment o of different neurodegenerative diseases.

Islam, M.S., Quispe, C., Hossain, R., Islam, M.T., Al-Harrasi, A., Al-Rawahi, A., Martorell, M., Mamurova, A., Seilkhan, A., Altybaeva, N., Abdullayeva, B., Docea, A.O., Calina, D., Sharifi-Rad, J. Neuropharmacological Effects of Quercetin: A Literature-Based Review (2021) Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12, № 665031.

DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.665031

101

Pastoral farming in the ili delta, Kazakhstan, under decreasing water inflow: An economic assessment

https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10070281

Article River deltas provide the most productive pastures in Central Asia. Simultaneously they are highly vulnerable to water inflow changes. The aim of this study was to conduct an economic assessment of the short-and medium-term effect of reduced water inflow on farmers’ performance within the Ili Delta. Primary data were collected through 35 interviews with farmers and additional experts in 2015. Production parameters for three types of individual farms were estimated and entered into a full cost accounting. Contribution margins were calculated for three scenarios: (I) sufficient water inflow (normal situation), (II) decreasing water inflow, and (III) significantly reduced water inflow (worst case). Farmers purchase hay to adapt to pasture production loss due to decreasing water inflow. This more than doubled the variable costs of worst case in comparison to normal situation for small-, medium-, and large-scale type of individual farm. Monte Carlo simulation indicates a risk of 74% (small-scale farm) and 3% (medium-scale farm) that already variable costs will exceed revenues. 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА АВТОРА: Central Asia;   Contribution margin analysis;   Ili Delta; Individual farm; Monte Carlo simulation; Net farm income from operations; Pastoral farming

Baranowski, E., Thevs, N., Khalil, A., Baibagyssov, A., Iklassov, M., Salmurzauli, R., Nurtazin, S., Beckmann, V.

Pastoral farming in the ili delta, Kazakhstan, under decreasing water inflow: An economic assessment

(2020) Agriculture (Switzerland), 10 (7), статья № 281, pp. 1-29.

103

Photosynthetic activity of triticum dicoccum × triticum aestivum alloplasmic lines during vegetation in connection with productivity traits under varying moister conditions

doi: 10.32615/ps.2021.003

(IF=3,09; Q1 in Plant Sciences).

Drought is a key stressor under global climate change conditions around the world. Triticum dicoccum Shuebl is a species with high potential drought tolerance. Photosynthesis is the primary physiological process affected by water deficit. Rapid light curves (RLCs), recorded using PAM-fluorometers, appear suitable for drought tolerance determination in breeding material. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters at different vegetation stages, morphophysiological traits, and their relationship with the productivity were analyzed in nine alloplasmic lines (allolines) of T. dicoccum Shuebl × T. aestivum L. partially exposed to drought conditions. Quantum yield parameters at the beginning of RLC at the early vegetation stages correlated with the productivity of investigated lines. Parameters related to photosynthetic capacity had a stronger correlation with the productivity at the stages of subflag and flag formation. For drought tolerance screening, quantum yield of nonorganized energy passive dissipation is particularly promising. Chlorophyll fluorescence and productivity data confirm the potential of the presented breeding strategy in allolines D-d-05 and D-d-05b

Terletskaya, N. V., Stupko, V. Y. U., Altayeva, N. A., Kudrina, N. O., Blavachinskaya, I. V., Kurmanbayeva, M. S., & Erezhetova, U. (2021). Photosynthetic activity of triticum dicoccum × triticum aestivum alloplasmic lines during vegetation in connection with productivity traits under varying moister conditions. Photosynthetica, 59(1), 74-83. doi:10.32615/ps.2021.003

104

Phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Echinops albicaulis

DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1323213

Q2

Two thiophenes; 5-(3-buten-1-ynyl)-2,2′-bithiophene (2) and α-tertthienyl (9), two alkaloids; echinopsine (10) and echinorine (11), three flavonoids; genkwanin (5), apigenin (6), and rutin (7), two triterpenoids; lupeol acetate (1) and lupeol linoleate (4), together with 2,6,10-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-triene (4) and β-sitosterol glucoside (8) were isolated from the aerial parts of Echinops albicaulis. Antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiprotozoal activities were evaluated. E. albicaulis aqueous methanolic extract (50, 10, and 1 mg/mL) showed significant antioxidant activity comparable to the potent antioxidant, N-acetyl cysteine, moreover, the aqueous methanolic extract (1 mg/mL) significantly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species in active cell cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells under oxidative stress more than the reference antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine. None of the isolated compounds showed antimicrobial or antiprotozoal activities at concentration up to 20 μg/mL.

Kiyekbayeva, L., Mohamed, N.M., Yerkebulan, O., Mohamed, E.I., Ubaidilla, D., Nursulu, A., Assem,

M., Srivedavyasasri, R., Ross, S.A.

Phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Echinops albicaulis

(2018) Natural Product Research, 32 (10), pp. 1203-1207.

DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1323213

105

Plant biodiversity in Aksay gorge of Trans-Ili Alatau

Acta Zoologica Bulgarica – 2018. – 69. – P.149–153

(IF 0.448, Q4 in Zoology)

Trans-Ili Alatau is the central ridge of the Northern Tien Shan Mountains. It has one of the richest floras, which reflects, with a few exceptions, the flora of whole Northern Tien Shan. However, the strong anthropogenic pressure on natural biocoenoses in the region leads to the destruction of entire communities and populations of plants. The mountain forest belt, located closely to Almaty city and subjected to the most intensive development, suffers particularly from excessive human intervention. First the grassy tier, then the shrubs and undergrowth of forest trees are destroyed due to immoderate recreational load. In addition, losses of many indigenous species and their replacement by introduced weed species are observed. Therefore, the biodiversity of fruit plants was studied in the Aksay gorge of Trans-Ili Alatau. Totally 74 plant species from 58 genera and 27 families were detected at monitoring sites. The most representative family in the floodplain communities of Aksay gorge was Rosaceae (12 genera and 18 species), whereas from 15other families only one species was recorded. The Aksai gorge is characterized by intra-zonal plant communities, descending along the floodplain of the Aksai River. 

Nesterova, S.G., Kokoreva, I.I., Inelova, Z.A., Yerubayeva, G.K. Plant biodiversity in Aksay gorge of Trans-Ili Alatau // Acta Zoologica Bulgaricathis link is disabled. – 2018. – 69. – P.149–153

106

Quality of drinking water in the Balkhash district of Kazakhstan's almaty region

https://doi.org/10.3390/w12020392

The thinly populated Balkhash District of Kazakhstan's Almaty Region lies in the lower reaches of the Ili-Balkhash basin, which is shared by China and Kazakhstan. The district is arid and heavily dependent on inflows of surface water, which are threatened by the effects of upstream population growth, economic development, and climate change. The quality of drinking water from centralized water systems and tube wells in nine villages of the district was analyzed, and the organoleptic properties of water from these sources was also assessed by an expert and via surveys of local residents. Although most samples met governmental standards for the absence of chemical impurities, high concentrations of mineralization, chlorides, boron, iron, and/or uranium were present in some well water samples. Levels of these pollutants were as much as 4-fold higher than governmental maxima and as much as 16-fold higher than concentrations reported previously in surface water. All centralized water samples met standards for absence of microbial contamination, but total microbial counts in some well water samples exceeded standards.

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА АВТОРА: Ili-Balkhash basin;   Organoleptic analysis of groundwater;   Risk identification and assessment;   Rural Kazakhstan; Water quality

Nurtazin, S., Pueppke, S., Ospan, T., Mukhitdinov, A., Elebessov, T.

Quality of drinking water in the Balkhash district of Kazakhstan's almaty region

(2020) Water (Switzerland), 12 (2), статья № 392, .

107

Screening of spring wheat varieties for resistance against copper and lead uptake in a contaminated soil

Pakistan Journal of Botany. Vol. 51. - Issue 5. – 2019. – P.1653-1660.

(IF 0.972, Q3 in Plant Sciences)

DOI 10.30848/PJB2019-5(38)

The best way to obtain clean crop products on soils polluted with heavy metals is to identify and use varieties that concentrate small amount of heavy metals in the consumed parts of plants. In this regard, varieties of spring wheat under the conditions of the East Kazakhstan region, the metallurgical center of Kazakhstan, were studied to identify metal-resistant forms that could be recommended to production and selection process. 10 zoned varieties of spring wheat were studied. The experiments were performed in the field conditions of natural pollution of the soil with copper and lead. The following was studied: content of heavy metals in the soil of the root zone and in plant seeds, the survival rate during the spring-summer growing season, the yeld and its structure. Studies have shown that copper accumulates in the seeds and its content exceeds the MPC from 1.3 to 1.8 times in almost all genotypes, except for the Kutulukskaya and Ulbinka-25 varieties. Lead also accumulates in the seeds of wheat and its content exceeds the MPC from 3 to 8 times in almost all variants, except for the varieties Erythrospermum-616 and Kutulukskaya. The Glubochanka variety has the highest survivability - 98.6%. The harvest is greatest for the Ulbinka-25, Glubochanka and Erythrospermum-616 and Altai varieties of spring wheat 300-317 g/m2. The Ulbinka-25 variety can be recommended for cultivation on soils polluted with copper, and Erythrospermum-616 variety - lead, as this variety accumulates the least of all the corresponding metal in the seeds and at the same time is characterized by high yield and good survival during the spring-summer growing season. Kutuluka variety can be recommended for cultivation on soils polluted with copper and lead.

Alybayeva R., Kruzhaeva, V., Serbayeva A., Atabayeva S., Asrandina S., Inelova Z. Screening of spring wheat varieties for resistance against copper and lead uptake in a contaminated soil // Pakistan Journal of Botany. Vol. 51. - Issue 5. – 2019. – P.1653-1660.

DOI 10.30848/PJB2019-5(38)

108

Studies on the root anatomy of rubber producing endemic of Kazakhstan

Journal of Animal and Plant Science - 2018. - 28(5). -P.1400–1404

(IF 0.481, Q 4 in Agriculture, multidisciplinary)

This paper highlights morpho-metric and anatomical characteristics of a rare, endangered, endemic species Taraxacum kok-saghyz from Kazakhstan. The plant has been investigated using three different populations during young generative stages. The morphometric features recorded here from the natural populations show that, height of T. kok-saghyz plants and diameter of crown significantly increase in generative period. Plant roots contain milky tubes filled with coagulated latex-rubber threads, and are characterized by varying degrees of specific tissue development, depending on place of growth. Thus, it was found that plants of population № 2 are characterized by significant development of primary cork (553.12 mkm=micron) and diameter of central cylinder (432.70 µ), in which narrow clearance xylem elements are concentrated. On the contrary, plants of population № 3, have all signs of body xeromorphic structures (strong development of cover tissue and presence of more wide clearance vessels of water conducting tissue). Dark chestnut mountain soil type is the most favorable for plant growth and development. This taxon is a hygrophilous plant therefore water supply conditions affect distinctive features of plant internal structure. 

Аkhmetova, А.B., Mukhitdinov, N.M., Ydyrys, A., Inelova, Z.A., Öztürk, M. Studies on the root anatomy of rubber producing endemic of Kazakhstan, Taraxacum Kok-Saghyz L.E. Rodin // Journal of Animal and Plant Sciencesthis link is disabled. - 2018. - 28(5). -P.1400–1404

1101

The content of heavy metals in plants of phytocenoses of former storage facilities for pesticides at the point of Besqaynar, Kyzylkairat, and Taukaraturyk

Pakistan Journal of Botany, Volume No. 53(2): 2021. – P.  511-516

(IF 0.972, Q3 in Plant Sciences)

DOI 10.30848/PJB2021-2(33)

This article presents data on the determination of heavy metals (Pb⁺², Zn⁺², Cu⁺², Fe⁺², Ni⁺², Co⁺³, Mn⁺², Cr⁺², Cd⁺²) in plant samples collected from Almaty Region, Talgar District of Kazakhstan. For a number of reasons, plants cannot absorb most of the heavy metals and, unlike animals, are able to accumulate them in large quantities. The following points were selected for sampling: Control point – Taukarutuk, 2 point – Besqaynar and 3 point – Kyzylkairat. Rumex confertus, Artemisia annua, and Trifolium pratence were identified as the most highly accumulating species of heavy metals in all three monitoring groups. It was investigated that, in the studied points, Besqaynar and Kyzylkairat, all presented plant samples have a large adsorption capacity for such elements as Cd⁺² and Zn⁺². © 2021, Pakistan Botanical Society. All rights reserved.

Inelova Z., Nurzhanova A., Yerubayeva G., Aitzhan M., Djansugurova L., Bekmanov B. The content of heavy metals in plants of phytocenoses of former storage facilities for pesticides at the point of Besqaynar, Kyzylkairat, and Taukaraturyk // Pakistan Journal of Botany, Volume No. 53(2): 2021. – P.  511-516

DOI 10.30848/PJB2021-2(33)

111

The influence of abiotic stress factors on the morphophysiological and phytochemical aspects of the acclimation of the plant rhodiola semenowii boriss.

doi:10.3390/plants10061196

(IF=4,19; Q1 in Biological Sciences).

Plants of the Crassulaceae family are natural accumulators of many medicinal secondary metabolites (SM). This article describes the study of morphophysiological, anatomic and phytochemical responses of immature plants of Rhodiolla semenovii under water deficit and (or) cold-stress conditions. Changes in biomass production due to water content in plant tissues such as a decrease in water deficit and an increase in cold stress were revealed. A significant decrease in the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus under stress conditions was noted, based on the parameters quantum efficiency of Photosystem II and electron transport rate and energy dissipated in Photosystem II. The greatest decrease in efficiency was pointed out in conditions of water shortage. The anatomical modulations of root and shoot of R. semenovii under stress conditions were found. For the first time, a detailed study of the chemical composition of the ethanol extract of root and shoot of R. semenovii under stress was carried out using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The qualitative and quantitative composition of SM associated with acclimation to the effects of abiotic stresses was determined. Both nonspecific and specific phytochemical changes caused by the action of water deficiency and cold treatment were identified. It has been shown that the antioxidant system in plant tissues is complex, multicomponent, depending on a number of natural and climatic factors. Further research should be focused on the use of abiotic stressors for the targeted synthesis of bioactive SMs valuable for pharmaceutical use.

Terletskaya, N. V., Korbozova, N. K., Kudrina, N. O., Kobylina, T. N., Kurmanbayeva, M. S., Meduntseva, N. D., & Tolstikova, T. G. (2021). The influence of abiotic stress factors on the morphophysiological and phytochemical aspects of the acclimation of the plant rhodiola semenowii boriss. Plants, 10(6) doi:10.3390/plants10061196

112

Water consumption of agriculture and natural ecosystems along the Ili river in china and kazakhstan

 https://doi.org/10.3390/w9030207

The Ili River is a transboundary river shared by China, upstream, and Kazakhstan, downstream. The Ili is the main water supplier to Lake Balkhash, the largest lake in Central Asia after desiccation of the Aral Sea. Agreements over water allocation have not been concluded between China and Kazakhstan. This paper investigated water consumption of agriculture and riparian ecosystems in the Ili river basin, to provide information for further debate on water allocation, through the Simplified Surface Energy Balance Index (S-SEBI) approach using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite images. The overall water consumption in the Ili river basin was 14.3 km3/a in 2000, 17.2 km3/a in 2005, and 15 km3/a in 2014. In 2000, China and Kazakhstan consumed 38% and 62% of the water, respectivelyWhen runoff of the Ili River decreases, as expected for most rivers in Central Asia, then irrigation efficiency has to be further increased in China, and irrigation systems in Kazakhstan have to be restored and modernized in order to reduce water consumption and protect Lake Balkhash and the riparian ecosystems. © 2017 by the authors.

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА АВТОРА: Central asia; Evapotranspiration; Lake balkhash; MODIS;   Remote sensing; Transboundary river; Upstream-downstream conflict; Wetland

Thevs, N., Nurtazin, S., Beckmann, V., Salmyrzauli, R., Khalil, A.

Water consumption of agriculture and natural ecosystems along the Ili river in china and kazakhstan

(2017) Water (Switzerland), 9 (3), статья № 9030207

113

Water use efficiency of rice and soybean under drip irrigation with mulch in the south-east of Kazakhstan

DOI: 10.15666/aeer/1504_15811603 (IF=0,816; Q3 in Agronomy).

Water saving was and remains an acute problem in places with water scarcity and inaccessibility. In order to solve this problem, drip irrigation started to be used in many countries, and for the first time, in Kazakhstan, there were used cultures that consume water sufficiently in large quantities such as rice and soybean. Ways of irrigation have significant effect on elements of structure of a rice and soybean crop. Drip irrigation with a two-row tape way of crops forms essentially distinct structure of a rice crop in comparison with usual technology of cultivation of rice and soybean. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.) crops were grown in 2013-2016 to determine effect of drip irrigation in the different variants water levels on growth and productivity under conditions of the south-east of Kazakhstan. In result of three years of researches on studying of rice and soybean drip irrigation efficiency were made the following conclusions: Drip irrigation (Di) with application of the mulching film promotes emergence of early and amicable shoots of rice and soybean, intensive growth and development of plants, productivity increase. Drip irrigation with use of the mulching film at 8-10 times reduces a contamination of crops of rice that allows to exclude application of manual use, mechanical and chemical processing of crops. Use of the mulching film under rice drip irrigation promotes creation of the favorable nitric mode of the soil with big accumulation of ammoniac and nitrate nitrogen and mobilization of motile phosphorus. The best way of rice crops under drip irrigation is 2-row tape crops with distance between tapes of 70 cm and a row-spacing in a tape of 30 cm. At the same time the drip tape keeps within row-spacings in a tape. Comparison of the productivity of soybean varieties showed that productivity in variants with mulch far exceeded variants without mulching.

Ospanbayev, Z. O., Kurmanbayeva, M. S., Abdukadirova, Z. A., Doszhanova, A. S., Nazarbekova, S. T., Inelova, Z. A., . . . Musina, A. S. (2017). Water use efficiency of rice and soybean under drip irrigation with mulch in the south-east of kazakhstan. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 15(4), 1581-1603. doi:10.15666/aeer/1504_15811603

114

Water use efficiency of rice and soybean under drip irrigation with mulch in the south-east of Kazakhstan

Applied Ecology and Environmental Research. – 2017. - 15(4), P. 1581–1603

(IF 0.711, Q4 in Ecology)

DOI 10.15666/aeer/1504_15811603

Water saving was and remains an acute problem in places with water scarcity and inaccessibility. In order to solve this problem, drip irrigation started to be used in many countries, and for the first time, in Kazakhstan, there were used cultures that consume water sufficiently in large quantities such as rice and soybean. Ways of irrigation have significant effect on elements of structure of a rice and soybean crop. Drip irrigation with a two-row tape way of crops forms essentially distinct structure of a rice crop in comparison with usual technology of cultivation of rice and soybean. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.) crops were grown in 2013-2016 to determine effect of drip irrigation in the different variants water levels on growth and productivity under conditions of the south-east of Kazakhstan. In result of three years of researches on studying of rice and soybean drip irrigation efficiency were made the following conclusions: Drip irrigation (Di) with application of the mulching film promotes emergence of early and amicable shoots of rice and soybean, intensive growth and development of plants, productivity increase. Drip irrigation with use of the mulching film at 8-10 times reduces a contamination of crops of rice that allows to exclude application of manual use, mechanical and chemical processing of crops. Use of the mulching film under rice drip irrigation promotes creation of the favorable nitric mode of the soil with big accumulation of ammoniac and nitrate nitrogen and mobilization of motile phosphorus. The best way of rice crops under drip irrigation is 2-row tape crops with distance between tapes of 70 cm and a row-spacing in a tape of 30 cm. At the same time the drip tape keeps within row-spacings in a tape. Comparison of the productivity of soybean varieties showed that productivity in variants with mulch far exceeded variants without mulching

Ospanbayev, Z.O., Kurmanbayeva, M.S., Abdukadirova, Z.A., Doszhanova A.S., Nazarbekova S.T., Inelova Z.A., Kenenbayev, S.B., Musina, A.S. Water use efficiency of rice and soybean under drip irrigation with mulch in the south-east of Kazakhstan // Applied Ecology and Environmental Research. – 2017. - 15(4), P. 1581–1603

DOI 10.15666/aeer/1504_15811603

Zooplankton Community Structure in Shallow Saline Steppe Inland Waters

Water Journal. – 2021. - 13(9).- 1164 p.

(Q2, IF 3.103 Environmental Sciences Water Resources)

DOI 10.3390/w13091164

Several shallow saline waters can be found in Central Asia in arid steppe climate, but our knowledge of their zooplankton community has been so far rather limited. The aim of our research was to provide data on the steppe zooplankton community in a large-scale regional study. Therefore, a baseline survey was carried out in 23 shallow inland waters of different salinity in Northern Kazakhstan. We measured the quantity and identified the taxonomic composition of zooplankton in the spring period and examined changes in community structure in correlation with salinity. Lesser salt concentration of the hyposaline–mesosaline waters was indicated by the presence of halophilic rotifer species: Brachionus asplanchnoides Br. dimidiatus, Br. plicatilis. Mesosaline and hypersaline waters were indicated by the presence of halobiont crustaceans: Moina salina, Arctodiaptomus salinus, Cletocamptus retrogressus. Very high concentration of salt was indicated by presence of Artemia alone which is the only group, that can tolerate and adapt to this extreme environment. In the hypersaline waterbodies at over 79 gL−1 high TDS conditions a very simple tropical structure was found. Artemia playing monopolistic ecological function in the zooplankton community. We identified three characteristic groups of shallow inland saline waters based on their zooplankton composition.

Zsuga K., Inelova Z., Boros E. Zooplankton Community Structure in Shallow Saline Steppe Inland Waters // Water Journal. – 2021. - 13(9).- 1164 p. DOI 10.3390/w13091164 (Q 2)

115

Specific products influential aspects of the animals resistance to irradiation

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324675165_Specific_products_influential_aspects_of_the_animals_resistance_to_irradiation

The majority of doctors and biology scientists in the whole world are sure that biological active additives for food are ideal, safe and reliable way of health strengthening, preservation of longevity and for facilitating of disease treatment. In this study, the results of research of the histological study of the rat's lungs affected by gamma irradiation in 6 grey dose while feeding the detoxicant special product and immunomodulatory products

Saparov K.A.a, Yessimsiitova Z.a, Abdullayeva B.A.a, Zharkova I.M.a, Mankibaeva S.A.a, Tynybekov B.I.aSpecific products influential aspects of the animals resistance to irradiation //Journal of Engineering and Applied SciencesТом 12, Выпуск 22, Страницы 6108 – 61112017

DOI 10.3923/jeasci.2017.6108.6111

1161

The effect of rocket fuel on the morphological and morphometric characteristics of the lungs of rats

https://plu.mx/a/-NFplhZsVoAqzLlAAe0aYkW58wymXoDA5nBufQN28IA

It is important to study the impact of the Baikonur, Saryshagan, Azgyr space rocket test sites located on the territory of Kazakhstan, as well as Kapustin Yar, which is very close to the border, on the landscape, animal habitat and local health and determine the impact. The areas in several areas where the detachable parts of the rocket launchers have fallen occupy a very large area [1]. The areas of collapse of the detachable parts of the rocket launchers belong to the category of "ecological disaster zone" according to their ecological status, and the areas affected by these parts belong to the "ecological crisis zone". The atmosphere, natural and anthropogenic landscapes are heavily polluted with all classes of harmful substances: Asymmetric dimethylhydrazine (1,1-DMG), nitrosodymethylamine (NDMA), nitrogen tetraoxide, tetramethyltetrazen and other toxic substances [2-4]. Rocket complexes and rocket launches have a negative impact on all components of the environment and biological objects. There are reports that the number of animals living around the landfill is declining sharply, and some species are on the verge of extinction [1; 5]. Due to these circumstances, there is a need for regular environmental monitoring of these areas and morphological study of the structural components of the animals that inhabit these areas, arising from the current environmental situation in the country. There are reports that heptyl or asymmetric dimethylhydrazine, one of the main components of rocket fuels and lubricants, causes various diseases when ingested by humans and animals due to an accident or other circumstances during a rocket launch [2-3; 5]. 1,1- DMG is converted into other compounds in the soil, plants, as well as in the body, which in turn appears to be toxic to the body in general or to a particular organ [4]. © 2020 EManuscript Technologies. All rights reserved.

Abdullayeva B.A., Shalakhmetova T.M.,Musanova G.A.,Zharkova I.M., Askarbayeva K.A., Chunetova Zh.Zh., Kozhabayeva E. The effect of rocket fuel on the morphological and morphometric characteristics of the lungs of rats // Systematic Reviews in PharmacyТом 11, Выпуск 12, Страницы 709 - 715December 2020

DOI 10.31838/srp.2020.12.112

1171

Screening of wheat genotypes for the presence of common bunt resistance genes

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.02.013 Open access journal SJR-0.710, Процентиль 90

Common bunt is known to cause grain yield and quality losses in wheat due to bunt ball formation and infestation of the grain. The aim of this study is to identify for sources of resistance to common bunt in wheat genotypes using phytopathological and molecular methods. In general, studied 60 Kazakh and foreign wheat genotypes were found 15 samples with the Bt9, Bt8 and Bt11 genes. Carriers of the Bt10 gene include the five varieties. The four resistance genes, Bt8, Bt10, Bt11, Bt9, and Bt10 were identified in the Karasai variety. Phytopathological and molecular screening of Kazakh and foreign wheat genotypes selected 18 with genes for resistance to the disease. According to evaluation on an artificial infection 19 varieties showed an immune type of reaction. These varieties will be used in breeding programs as donors to create resistant varieties against the common bunt. Thus, approaches can reduce the level of fungicides use and the most effective method to control the common bunt.

Madenova A., Sapakhova Z., Bakirov S., Galymbek K., Yernazarova G., Kokhmetova A., Keishilov Zh

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences Volume 28, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 2816-2823

118

Effect of common bunt (Tilletia caries (DC) tul) infection on agronomic traits and resistance of wheat entries

DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2020.121 (Импакт фактор журнала - SJR-0,24 Scopus, Процентиль 38)

ABSTRACT: Wheat common bunt is a serious disease that may causes to yield losses of about 75-80% in wheat producing countries including Kazakhstan. This study conducted during 2019 and 2020 at Almaty Region, Kazakhstan, aimed to screen Romanian and Turkish wheat entries for resistance to common bunt Tilletia caries (DC) Tul. As a result of the research, promising wheat entries were identified which are designed to increase resistance to common bunt. The seeds of different wheat genotypes were artificially inoculated with a mixture of the pathogen teliospores and planted in Almalybak village, Almaty region, Kazakhstan. Disease assessment for each genotype carried out at the maturity stage. The results showed that most of the tested wheat entries demonstrated a susceptible, moderatesusceptible or resistant reaction to the disease. While such wheat entries, as five Romanian (RETEZAT, 02429GP-1, F08347G8, F06393GP10, F07270G2), one Turkish (262-TREGO/ BTYSIB//ZARGANA-6/4/AU/CO652337//2*CA8-155/3), and one Kazakh wheat variety Almaly showed a high level of disease resistance. It was found that the combination of common bunt a complex of agronomically valuable traits distinguishes in wheat entries KATEA-1/3/059E//JAGGER/PECOS/4/AU/CO652337//2*CA8-155/3/F474S1-1.1,338K11//ANB/BUC/3/GS50A/4/TREGO/JGR8W/5/WELS2,TAM105/3/NE70654/BBY// BOW”S”/4/CENTURE*3/TA2450/5/TX71A1039.V1*3/AMI/BUC/HR-C/6/ZARGANA3/ 6/BONITO-36,F08245G1, and PARTENER and exceeded standard variety Almaly. The identified resistant genotypes will be valuable in the breeding programs of Kazakhstan for the development of common bunt resistant wheat varieties. © 2020, Gaurav Society of Agricultural Research Information Centre. All rights reserved.

Madenova, A., Kokhmetova, A., Sapakhova, Z.,  Galymbek, K., Keishilov, Zh., Akan, K., Yesserkenov, A.

Res. On Crops. 2020. 21 (4): 791-797

119

Functional-morphological features of enterosorbent in animal cells

DOI: 10.31838/srp.2020.12.174

N/A

ABSTRACT:

Today it is impossible to present any human activity thatis directly or indirectly notaffected by live organisms of toxic substances that continue to grow. Studying the pathomorphology of changecaused by and the effect of toxic substances at the intercellular and interfabric level plays a large role inunderstanding the pathogenesis of various diseases. One avenue of studying intercellular and interfabric relationship is the identification of interaction between fabrics facing impact of toxic substances. In the human body, this is especially relevant as the relationship between fabrics and their cellular elements helps to reveal morphofunctionalfeatures of cells. Toxic substances acting on an organism triggersmorphofunctional processes thatlead to destructive changes inorganisms. Chronic poisoning with cadmium and lead, for instance, destroys animal cells, leading to the dysfunction of internal organs. An excess of cadmium interferes withthe metabolism of metals, especially iron and calcium, distorts theeffect of zinc and other metalenzymes, blocks sulfhydryl groups of enzymesand interrupts DNA synthesis. Lead interferes with biosynthesis, and is considered the strongest neurotoxin, causingaggressive reactions where it is present. In this experiment, morphological changes in the internalorgans of white, not purebred, rats that are given1.5 mg/kg of cadmium and 25 mg/kg oflead in anenterosorbentare investigated using 1 g/kg Ingo2 within 30 days of its use. Two groups of rats show strong destructive changes in their internal organs i.e. necrosis, puffiness, gidropic dystrophy, reduced pathological processes and increasedcompensatory reaction. Two other groups of rats show the effects of damage due to poisoning, but these effects are reduced after use ofenterosorbentIngo2. The results of thisresearch demonstrate that the enterosorbentIngo2 promotes efficiency in occluding cations of lead and cadmium.

Yessimsiitova Zura, Ablaikhanova Nurzhanyat, Тleubekkyzy Perizat, Beken Zaure, Ussipbek Botagoz, Kairat Bakytzhan, Yessenbekova Arailym, Functional-morphological features of enterosorbent in animal cells. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 2020, 11(12), стр. 1190–1194

DOI: 10.31838/srp.2020.12.174

120

Issues of type 2 diabetes disease effective treatment in Kazakhstan

DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2020.10.03.5

(IF = 0.141; Q3 in General pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics)

ABSTRACT:

In his address to the people, the First President of our country, emphasized the need to introduce innovative methods of treating socially significant diseases. Among these diseases, diabetes holds a special position.

More than 14,000 new cases of diabetes mellitus are officially detected annually in Kazakhstan.

The real picture of the disease is difficult to compare with these data. This review discusses the prevalence of type 2 diabetes among the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the causing factors such as age, race, genetic predisposition (OR = 3), obesity, glucose level and total cholesterol etc.

It was found that the main complications and concomitant diseases of diabetes in residents of different regions are polyneuropathy – 22.4%, diabetic retinopathy – 14%, diabetic foot syndrome – 13.6%, arterial hypertension – 13.6% and coronary heart disease (CHD) – 14.4%. Only 1.8% of the population is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, latent manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus, one in four people in Kazakhstan can be sick, 38% of adults aged 20-79 suffer from prediabetes, and 8.2% with diabetes. It is believed that by 2030 in Kazakhstan, there may be about a million patients with diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus, in accordance with the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On the health of the people and the health care system” belongs to the category of socially significant diseases.

Therefore, the study of type 2 diabetes is one of the urgent problems of the public health in Kazakhstan.

N.T. Ablaikhanova, A.Y. Yessenbekova, Tazhiyeva Aigul, Z.B. Yessimsiitova, A.K. Saidakhmetova, A.E. Malibayeva, B.J. Sanbaeva, M. Molsadykkyzy. Issues of type 2 diabetes disease effective treatment in Kazakhstan. Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2020, 10(3), стр. 116–122

DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2020.10.03.5

121

Estimation of Efficiency of Use of Dairy Products Enriched with Enter Sorbent Dietary Fibers on Immunophysiological Indicators of the Rat Organism

DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2020.10.03.3

(IF = 0.141; Q3 in General pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics)

ABSTRACT:

At all times, the problem of healthy and wholesome food has been one of the most important problems facing human society. This problem cannot be solved by simply increasing the amount of food consumed. Plant-based antioxidants are widely used for the prevention and treatment of diseases with the aim of eliminating free radicals from the body and restoring the body’s antioxidant defense system. The article shows biochemical indicators that reflect the nature of changes in the early stages of the formation of response of the animal organism during toxic poisoning and the use of sour-milk products using enter sorbent dietary fiber from rice husk. With an increase in the dosage and frequency of CCl4 administration, the effect of deep poisoning and impaired lymph dynamics was obtained. Along with a decrease in the content of total protein and urea in lymph and blood plasma, an increase in ALT and AST levels in blood plasma by 2.5–3 times, as well as an increase in thymol test, were noted. Antioxidant defense mechanisms are universal in order to increase the body’s vitality.

N. Ablaikhanova, Z. Yessimsiitova, U. Amzeyeva, A. Mukhitdinov, S. Mankibaeva, A. Zorbekova, S.N. Abdreshov, A. Kozhamzharova, A. Konysbayeva,S. Tuleukhanov. Estimation of Efficiency of Use of Dairy Products Enriched with Enter Sorbent Dietary Fibers on Immunophysiological Indicators of the Rat Organism. Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2020, 10(3), стр. 92–100.

DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2020.10.03.3

122

The transformation of ecosystems of the ili river delta (Kazakhstan) under the flow regulation and climate change

DOI: 10.15666/aeer/1802_24832498

(IF = 1,1; Q3 in Agronomy and Crop Science)

ABSTRACT:

This paper presents the results of a study on the main reasons for the transformation of wetland

ecosystems in the Delta of the Ili River in the period of 1979-2014. The study results are shown based on

the analysis of multi-temporal satellite data Landsat, dynamics of hydrological regime of the river Ili,

climate conditions and features of economic activities of the local community, as well as fieldwork in the

study region. Analysis of area changes of main types of hydromorphic and semi-hydromorphic

ecosystems of Delta river Ili in high and medium on water discharge in the following (1979, 1993, 2000,

2010, and 2015) years. Increasing water consumption in China and in Kazakhstan part of the Ili-Balkhash

basin due to the development of the agrarian and municipal sectors of economy especially in China,

significantly exceed increasing flow of Ili River, caused by regional warming in the catchment part of Ili

River Basin. The global warming has intensified the degradation of glaciers in mountain catchment areas

of Ili River, this in the near future threatens with a decline in river flow and as a consequence lead to the

deterioration of delta ecosystems and the desiccation of lake Balkhash similarly to the ecological disaster

of the Aral Sea. Analysis of long-term (from 1970 to 2013) climatic data from three meteorological

stations demonstrated a trend of the regional increase of average annual air temperature by 1.4 °С and

decreasing of average annual precipitation by 10 mm. These factors also contribute to the transformation

process of hydromorphic ecosystems.

Mukhitdinov, A., Nurtazin, S., Alimova, S., AblaikhanovA, N., Yessimsiitova, Z., Salmurzauly, R., Margulan, I., Mirasbek, Y. The transformation of ecosystems of the ili river delta (Kazakhstan) under the flow regulation and climate change. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 2020, 18(2), стр. 2483–2498.

DOI: 10.15666/aeer/1802_24832498

1231

Summarized assessment of the role oil and gas complex mangystau region in pollution ground water

https://www.wseas.org/multimedia/journals/environment/2019/a925115-436.pdf

(IF = 0,7; Q3 in Development)

ABSTRACT:

The authors have developed a way to solve the inverse problem of integrated environmental

assessment with the help of geographic information systems, and the objective function models based on available in the Atlas of Mangystau region map with pre-integrated environmental assessment, take into

account effect all exposure sources. Results of these calculations showed that oil and gas producing complex

provides an additional contribution to the degradation of soil cover in excess of the average for all

anthropogenic sources in the 19.31%, in relief degradation - 18.3%, vegetation - 16.7%. In this article

considered impact assessment in the oil and gas complex ground water.

L. M. Pavlichenko, А. R. Yespolayeva,

А. S. Aktymbayeva, H. Jones, Z. B. Yesimsiitova. Summarized assessment of the role oil and gas complex mangystau region in pollution ground water. WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development, 2019, 15, стр. 438–446.

https://www.wseas.org/multimedia/journals/environment/2019/a925115-436.pdf

125

Efficacy of Application of Dietary Supplements in Acute

Intoxication

DOI: 120.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.04.5

(IF = 0.141; Q3 in General pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics)

ABSTRACT:

The effectiveness of BAA balsam “Revival plus” as a means of pharmacological correction of neurotoxic and hepatotoxic lesions as consequences of acute ethanol poisoning was evaluated. It has been established that in the conditions of acute severe intoxication ethanol BAA balsam “Revival plus” has pharmacological efficacy in terms of survival keeping temperature and frequency of respiratory movements in poisoned rats with a therapeutic and prophylactic scheme of their use. Value of the work consists in the experimental substantiation of the possibility of using BAA balsam “Revival plus” as a promising means of treatment of acute extremely severe ethanol poisoning.

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the efficacy of application of dietary supplements in acute intoxication, to depict the effectiveness of balsam during the intoxication, and from scientific purpose to prove the significance of this supplement.

The obtained data testify to the effectiveness of the use of bio additives in ethanol poisoning and possible mechanisms for the implementation of the hepatic protective effect of the BAA balsam “Revival Plus” under various life-threatening conditions.

The purpose of this research is evaluation of the experimental effectiveness of BAA balsam “Revival Plus” for ethanol poisoning.

To achieve this goal the following tasks are set:

To reveal the features of the histological structure of the liver of control and experimental rats of the second group with ethanol poisoning;

To study the morphological changes in the liver of rats of the third group with ethanol poisoning against the background of the use of BAA balsam “Revival plus”;

To study the peculiarities of the action of the BAA balsam “Revival plus” on the biochemical parameters of the blood of rats.

Questions about the interaction of dietary supplements and alcoholic beverages are regularly being raised by both researchers and ordinary consumers. In most cases talk about the dangers of dietary supplements for a person who often drinks alcoholic beverages is not necessary.

Z.B. Yessimsiitova, Saparov Kuandyk, Y. Sinyavskiy, G. Tussupbekova, N. Ablaikhanova, A. Kozhamzarova, Ablaikhanova Nurzat, Ussenova Gauhar,

Turlybekov Murat. Efficacy of Application of Dietary Supplements in Acute Intoxication. Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2019, 9(4), стр. 229–232.

DOI: 120.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.04.5

127

The study of hematological parameters of animals in the application of enterosorbent food fiber

DOI: 120.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.04.4

(IF = 0.141; Q3 in General pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics)

ABSTRACT:

One of the most important issues is the study of healthy nutrition of the population of Kazakhstan. Proper

nutrition provides growth, contributes to the prevention of diseases, increase efficiency and prolong life of people, while

creating conditions for adequate adaptation to the environment. A large part of the population of Kazakhstan as a result

of technological processing, the use of inferior in chemical composition of food raw materials, the influence of other

causes, does not receive the necessary amount of essential components of food, which lead to illness, premature old

age and shortened life. The situation is aggravated by the low cultural level of the population in terms of good nutrition

and the lack of skills to lead a healthy lifestyle. The problem of quality and food safety, while food must have not only

nutritional and physiological value, but also perform preventive functions

G. Tussupbekova, Z. Yessimsiitova, N. Ablaikhanova, A. Rakhmetova, G. Alshynbekova, S. Tuleukhanov, Z. Zhussupbekova, G. Ashimhanova, Y. Kuandykov «The study of hematological parameters of animals in the application of enterosorbent food fiber», Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2019, 9(4), стр. 222–228.

DOI: 120.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.04.4

128

A splice site variant of CDK12 and breast cancer in three

DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00493

(IF 3,9= ; Q3 in Oncology)

ABSTRACT:

CDK12 is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family that acts as regulator of DNA damage response gene expression. A c.1047-2A>G splice site variant of the CDK12 gene was recently reported to strongly associate with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in patients of Tatar ethnic origin. To gain more insight into the potential risk and the population spread of the c.1047-2A>G variant, we have genotyped three breast cancer case-control series of Tatar, Bashkir and Kazakh ethnicity. We identified c.1047-2A>G in 6/155 cases and 12/362 controls of Tatar ancestry, 0/96 cases and 9/189 controls of Bashkir ancestry, and 1/131 cases and 0/154 controls of Kazakh ancestry (Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio 0.72, 95% CI 0.30–1.70, p = 0.45). Consistent with the absence of a large effect, bioinformatic analyses predicted that c.1047-2A>G modulates alternative splicing of a NAGNAG sequence rather than constituting a loss-of-function allele, and RT-PCR analyses of c.1047-2A>G heterozygous lymphocytes verified the usage of the predicted alternative acceptor site. Our study confirms a high prevalence of CDK12*c.1047-2A>G in the Tatar and Bashkir population but excludes a role as a clinically actionable high-risk breast cancer mutation.

Natalia Bogdanova, Peter Schürmann, Yana Valova,, Natalia Dubrowinskaja, Nurzhan Turmanov,   Tatyana Yugai, Zura Essimsiitova, Elvira Mingaeva, Darya Prokofyeva,Marina Bermisheva, Elza Khusnutdinova, Thilo Dörk «A splice site variant of CDK12 and breast cancer in three» In Oncology// Frontiers in Oncology, 2019, 9(JUN), 493

DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00493

129

Morphological Characteristics of Adaptation of the Lungs in the Ground Spinal

DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.02.7

(IF = 0.141; Q3 in General pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics)

ABSTRACT:

This article discusses the morphological changes in the structures of the lungs when adapting to some extreme factors and environmental conditions.

One of the most pressing problems of biology is the elucidation of the mechanisms of adaptation of the human body and animals to changing environmental conditions [1-7].

This problem can be viewed in two aspects: firstly, in terms of the emergence of adaptive rearrangements in the body when exposed to environmental factors as a manifestation of the body’s plasticity in ontogenesis, secondly, in terms of the emergence of adaptation, as genetically and phenotypically fixed adaptation of living organisms to the conditions environment, which arose in the course of evolution [8-13].

The key point here is the identification and comparison of subtle mechanisms of similar (to the same environmental factor) adaptation that arise in ontogenesis and formed in phylogenesi.

K.A. Saparov, Z.B. Yessimsiitova, B.A. Abdullayeva, S.A. Mankibaeva, B.M. Tynybekov, G.K. Atanbayeva,S.N. Abdreshov. Morphological Characteristics of Adaptation of the Lungs in the Ground Spinal. Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2019, 9(2), стр. 101–103.

DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.02.7

130

Heavy metal accumulation in plants of atyrau region

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326799598_Heavy_metal_accumulation_in_plants_of_atyrau_region

(IF = 1,7; Q3 in Plant Science)

ABSTRACT:

This article represents data on determination of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Mn, Co, Ni) in the samples of dominant plants and soils of Atyrau region in Kazakhstan. High population density and enhanced agriculture and industrial activity are main reasons for pollution and degradation of vegetation in these areas. Accumulation of heavy metals in forage plants and subsequent transfer of metals along the food chain might have a negative impact on the health of the population. The areas for sample collection were as follows: Point 1 (Atyrau, farm, Ulan), Point 2 (Kulsary, v. Turgysba) and Point 3 (v. Inder, farm, Isayev). The ability for heavy metal accumulation was different in various plant species. It was revealed that Artemisia terrae-albae was able to accumulate the highest concentration of the heavy metals namely lead, zinc, nickel and manganese compared with the other species. Tamarix ramosissima and Ceratocarpus arenarius were distinctive as having the least amount of heavy metals compared with the other species growing in similar environmental conditions. In all the studied areas the content of heavy metals was within the maximum permissible level. However, it was observed that the insignificant evaluation of zinc and cobalt up to 1.09-1.72 MPC might be related to physiographic and geologic factors of the studied area.

Inelova, Z., Nesterova, S., Yerubayeva, G., Zura, Y., Seitkadyr, K., Zaparina, Y. Heavy metal accumulation in plants of atyrau region. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2018, 50(6), p. 2259–2263.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326799598_Heavy_metal_accumulation_in_plants_of_atyrau_region

131

Increase of Healthy Food Quality among the Kazakhstan Population

DOI: 10.6000/1927-5951.2018.08.03.10

(IF = 0.141; Q3 in General pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics)

ABSTRACT:

In his address to the people, the First President of our country, emphasized the need to introduce innovative

methods of treating socially significant diseases. Among these diseases, diabetes holds a special position.

More than 14,000 new cases of diabetes mellitus are officially detected annually in Kazakhstan.

The real picture of the disease is difficult to compare with these data. This review discusses the prevalence of type 2

diabetes among the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the causing factors such as age, race, genetic

predisposition (OR = 3), obesity, glucose level and total cholesterol etc.

It was found that the main complications and concomitant diseases of diabetes in residents of different regions are

polyneuropathy - 22.4%, diabetic retinopathy - 14%, diabetic foot syndrome - 13.6%, arterial hypertension - 13.6% and

coronary heart disease (CHD) - 14.4%. Only 1.8% of the population is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, latent

manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus, one in four people in Kazakhstan can be sick, 38% of adults aged 20-79 suffer

from prediabetes, and 8.2% with diabetes. It is believed that by 2030 in Kazakhstan, there may be about a million

patients with diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus, in accordance with the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On the health of the people and the

health care system” belongs to the category of socially significant diseases.

Therefore, the study of type 2 diabetes is one of the urgent problems of the public health in Kazakhstan.

Z. Yessimsiitova, N. Ablaikhanova, S. Sagyndykova, G. Tussupbekova, M. Kulbayeva, G. Atanbayeva, M. Aitzhan2 and Z. Bissenbayeva. «Increase of Healthy Food Quality the Kazakstan Population» Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Science. Volume 8, Issue 3, Pages 150-153. 2018

DOI: 10.6000/1927-5951.2018.08.03.10

132

Analysis of urban flora of the city of Almaty (Kazakhstan)

DOI:10.3844/ojbsci.2018.365.376

N/A

ABSTRACT:

The article contains information about the composition of urban floras in Almaty. It was revealed, that urban flora of Almaty is represented by 396 species belonging to 204 genera and 73 families. The basis of the urban flora of the city of Almaty is angiosperms (92,0%), gymnosperms are represented in the flora in 31 species (7,8%) and 1 species represented by ferns (0,25%). The class Liliopsida (monocotyledonous) is represented by 4 families or 5,4%. Class Magnoliopsida (dicotyledonous) is represented by 67 families or 91.7%. In the gardening of Almaty city, there are 54 species (25,3%) of trees and shrubs of the local (natural) flora of Kazakhstan (9 coniferous and 45 hardwoods) from 33 genera and 19 families. In the gardening of Almaty city 159 species (74,6%) of woody and shrub introducents are used, that is, plants grown in the soil outside the range of their natural distribution. Of these, 22 are coniferous and 137 hardwoods of 61 genera and 34 families.

Sadyrova, G.A., Inelova, Z.A., Dzhamilova, S.M., Yessimsitova , Z., Dauletbaeva, M.M. Analysis of urban flora of the city of Almaty (Kazakhstan) // OnLine // Journal of Biological Sciences // 2018 year, 18(3), с. 365-376 р.

DOI:10.3844/ojbsci.2018.365.376

132

Specific products influential aspects of the animals resistance to irradiations

DOI: 10.3923/jeasci.2017.6108.6111

N/A

ABSTRACT:

The majority of doctors and biology scientists in the whole world are sure that biological active

additives for food are ideal, safe and reliable way of health strengthening, preservation of longevity and for

facilitating of disease treatment. In this study, the results of research of the histological study of the rat's lungs

affected by gamma irradiation in 6 grey dose while feeding the detoxicant special product and

immunomodulatory products.

K.A. Saparov, Z. Yessimsiitova, B.A. Abdullayeva, I.M. Zharkova, S.A. Mankibaeva, B.I. Tynybekov. Specific products influential aspects of the animals resistance to irradiations. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 12 (22): 61 08-6111, 2017

DOI: 10.3923/jeasci.2017.6108.6111

133

Morphogenetic and Biochemical Study on University Common Bean Collection

DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2017.335.342

ISSN: 1608-4217 (Print)

Q3

SJR 0.172

(IF 0.71)

This research has been conducted to reveal the outcomes of rotation of crops in mountain and steppe districts near Almaty. The main morphogenetic characteristics have been investigated for the collection of representatives of common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. by using samples from various countries such as Kazakhstan, USA, China, Czech Republic, Poland, Turkey and Russia under different climate and soil conditions. A series of useful genetic stocks for the main economically valuable traits were detected. Several introduced varieties of common bean have showed high seed germination, maturation and significant resistance to water deficit, whereas some Kazakhstani varieties have been exceeded certain foreign specimens and varieties by weight of seeds and other parameters. It has been proven that “Luna” belonging to Czech collection would ripe the first (80 days from planting to complete technical maturity).

B. Zhumabaeva, E. Dzhangalina, Z.Aytasheva, L. Levedeva, Z.Inelova, Zh. Chunetova. OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 2017, 17 (4): 335-342.

DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2017.335.342

134

Загрязнение нефтью и сопутствующими тяжелыми металлами,

Радионуклидами и накопление в организме гидробионтов

Казахстанской зоны каспия

DOI: 10.18799/24131830/2020/12/2939

(Известия Томского политехнического университета, 2020, Т.331.-№12, стр.60-67), in Scopus.

Состояние экологической системы Каспийского моря и прибрежной зоны характеризуется как неблагополучное.

В ближайшей перспективе возможно резкое увеличение экологической нагрузки не только на казахстанской части Прикаспийско-

го региона, но и по всей акватории средней и северной части моря. Причиной является интенсивное освоение нефтегазовых

месторождений на континентальном шельфе Каспия (Кашаган). В составе добываемой нефти содержатся полиароматические

углеводороды, представляющие широкий класс загрязнителей – устойчивых в окружающей среде органических соединений. Общеизвестно, что токсичные и канцерогенные эффекты полиароматических углеводородов обусловлены образованием их метаболитов. Пирен, относящийся к полиароматическим углеводородам, содержится во всех исследуемых пробах нефти. Установлено, что одним из основных метаболитов пирена является чрезвычайно токсиченый бенз(а)пирен, обладающий сильнейшей канцерогенной активностью, способствующей возникновению опухолей в живых организмах.

Целью настоящего исследования является определение в организме тест-объектов пирена и его метаболита

(бенз(а)пирена), а также сопутствующих нефтяному загрязнению тяжелых металлов и радионуклидов как объективного

метода для оценки канцерогенного риска.

В качестве тест-объектов (биоиндикаторов) из природных популяций отобраны гидробионты (рыбы, моллюски и полихета (Nereis diversicolor) и наземные обитатели прибрежной зоны Каспия – дождевые черви (Eisenia fetida). Методы атомно-адсорбционная спектрометрия и радиологические методы исследования. Проведен анализ способности гидробионтов и наземных представителей аккумулировать нефтепродукты, сопутствующие тяжелые металлы и радионуклиды. Изучены основные особенности накопления загрязнителей в организме тест-объектов, представляющих разные экосистемы исследуемой зоны; определена суммарная радиоактивность образцов.

Проведено сравнение содержания нефтепродуктов, радионуклидов в органах и тканях гидробионтов.

Бигалиев А., Кожахметова А. Загрязнение нефтью и сопутствующие тяжелые металлы, радионуклиды в организме гидробионтов казахстанской зоны Каспия. Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георусурсов – 2020. – Т.331. - №12

135

Еcological diversity of algae in the Alakol Lake Natural Reserve, Kazakhstan.

DOI: 10.17581/bp.2019.08201

(Botanica Pacifica. A journal of plant science and conservation. 2019. Published online: 20.05.2019), in Scopus.

Alakol Lake is a unique protected natural water body with a gradient of salinity in which algal diversity has never been studied before our research. We revealed 208 algal species from five taxonomic Divisions during 2016-2017 studies. Diatom spe­cies were strongly prevailing in the 29 studied communities of the lake. Statistical methods revealed a high correlation between the intensity of algae development and the number of species in the community, as well as the high individuality of the algae communities at the three studied sites on the CCA. The applied analysis of the distribution of taxonomic divisions and indicator categories using statistical maps showed that euglenoid species, which mostly correlated with organic mat­ter input, are distributed in the lake from the Rybachje settlement. A mapping of bioindication groups revealed an influence of hidden and inflowing rivers Urzhar and Zhamanty as sources of organic pollution. This conclusion can be made on statistical mapping only in addition to bioindication results because environment variables usually are limited. This assessment of protected lake can serve as a refer­ence for future investigation of the Alakol Lake as well as can help to plan a set of stations for monitoring.

Aibek Jiyenbekov, Sophia Barinova, Aitkhozha Bigaliev, Satbay Nurashov, Elmira Sametova, Tzion Fahima. Еcological diversity of algae in the Alakol Lake Natural Reserve, Kazakhstan. Botanica Pacifica. A journal of plant science and conservation. 2019. Published online: 20.05.2019

136

Study of genetic effects of radiation pollution from contaminated territories on biota and human.

DOI: 10.26577/ijbch.2020.v13.il.09

(International Journal of Biology and Chemistry - 2020. - 13, No 1, 88), in Thompson Reuter.

An important element of the set of works to determine the degree of impact of radiation contaminated territory on the environment and public health is the conduct of ecological-genetic and medical-biological research in the region. The purpose, the idea of this publication – based on the results of scientific research to analyze the current state of the habitat in radiation-contaminated territories.   Genetic effects of the combined effect of radiation and non-radiation factors, unlike other mutagens, have not been studied sufficiently, and the results of this kind of research are rather contradictory. Industrial factors, the forceful action of full elementary evolutionary processes (mutational process, migration, isolation, etc.), can lead to qualitative transformations of the gene pool of populations. The study of chromosomal aberrations in natural populations and the human body acquires a special practical and theoretical significance in connection with the influence of factors of the changing habitat. In the review article the data of research obtained by using modern physics-chemical (AA-spectrometry, radiological), cytology and molecular-genetic methods are presented with the use of a complex of test systems in order to fully assess the effectiveness of the combined action of radiation and non-radiation factors. Observations in the field and experiments made it possible to establish a previously unknown fact that complexes of soil animals with chronic irradiation with doses of the order of 0.5-20 mSv/day experience clearly recorded oppression. Especially sensitive are earthworms Eisenia fetida. The quantitative dependence of the spectrum of structural and numerical aberrations of chromosomes was studied. The frequency of cells with chromosome aberrations averages 2.4%. Both structural (93.6%) and numerical aberrations (6.4%) of chromosomes were revealed. Among the cells with chromosome structure disorders, chromosomal type aberrations (67.04%) over chromatid (32.95%) prevailed, which indicates a predominant radiation exposure.

А. Bigaliev, L. Rihvanov, B. Bekmanov, А. Zamuraeva, L. Adilova, А. N. Kozhakhmetova. Study of genetic effects of radiation pollution from contaminated territories on biota and human. International Journal of Biology and Chemistry - 2020. - 13, No 1, 88

137

Эколого-генетическая оценка последствий влияния радиации на загрязненных территориях.

DOI: 10.18699/VJ20.675

(Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции. 2020;24(7):794-801), in Scopus.

Объектами исследования являются районы Западно-Казахстанской области Республики Казах­стан, прилегающие к полигону Капустин Яр: Бокейординский, Жангалинский, Жанибекский, Казталовский, Акжаикский и Сырымский. Цель работы – радиоэкологическое обследование загрязненных территорий и ис­следование содержания загрязнителей в объектах среды, биоте (грызунах, рыбах и биосубстратах домашних животных) физико-химическими методами для оценки воздействия полигона на биоту и человека. Представ­лены результаты экспедиционных и лабораторных исследований объектов окружающей среды прилегающих к полигону районов. Приведены показатели гамма-съемки уровней радиационного фона обследуемых тер­риторий, данные о загрязнении почвы, поверхностных и подземных вод, доминантных форм растений, био­субстратов (шерсти домашних животных: верблюда, лошади, коровы). Использованы стандартные способы отбора проб, общепринятые методы исследования: радиологический и цитогенетический (микроядерный), атомно-абсорбционная спектрофотометрия. Проведено рекогносцировочное и радиоэкологическое обсле­дование объектов окружающей среды с использованием аналитических методик, что позволило определить количественное содержание токсичных компонентов, приоритетных загрязнителей и радиоактивных изо­топов. Установлено, что значения объемной активности природных и техногенных радионуклидов в пробах почвы, питьевой воды и биосубстратах (шерсти домашних животных, образцах периферической крови чело­века) из населенных пунктов соответствуют величине контрольного уровня для данного региона. Измерения гамма-излучений показали, что по периметру территории полигона и в близлежащих населенных пунктах уровень радиации находится в пределах 0.06–0.14 мкЗв/ч. Незначительное превышение уровня радиоактив­ности сохраняется вблизи падения ракет в Бокейординском районе. Исследованные районы характеризуются незначительным уровнем радиационного фона: среднее значение МЭД составляет 0.014 мкЗв/ч. Абсолютный максимум, 0.73 мкЗв/ч, зарегистрирован в пунктах падения ракет в Казталовском районе.

Бигалиев А.Б., Шалабаева К.З., Шимшиков Б.Е., Кобегенова С.С., Адилова Л.М., Кожахмето­ва А.Н., Шарахметов С., Бурханова М.Н. Эколого-генетическая оценка последствий влияния радиации на за­грязненных территориях. Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции. 2020;24(7):794-801. DOI 10.18699/VJ20.675

138

Sustainable development of Caspean sea ecosystem’s, society and human being.

DOI: 10.26577/EJE-2019-3-e6

(VII Съезд Вавиловского общества генетиков и селекционеров, 18-22 июнь 2019год, Сант-Петербург, С. 479.), in Thompson Reuter.

Industrial factors, the forceful action of full elementary evolutionary processes can lead to qualitative transformations of the gene pool of populations. Observations in the field and experiments made it possible to establish a previously unknown fact that complexes of soil animals with chronic irradiation with doses of the order of 0,5-20 mSv/day experience clearly recorded oppression. Especially sensitive are earthworms Eisenia fetida. Among the cells with chromosome structure disorders, chromosomal type aberrations (67,04%) over chromatid (32,95%) prevailed, which indicates a predominant radiation exposure. The study of chromosomal aberrations in natural populations and the human body acquires a special practical and theoretical significance in connection with the influence of factors of the changing habitat. But, an important element of the set of works to determine the degree of impact of the activities of radiation contaminated territory on the environment and public health is the conduct of ecologicalgenetic and medical-biological research in the region. The purpose of contaminated territories and the evaluation their genetically consequence of animal and human body.

Kozhahmetova A.N., Bigalyev A.B., Shalabaeva K.Z., Adilova L.M., Kulimbetov A.K., Shymshikov B.E. Sustainable development of Caspean sea ecosystem’s, society and human being. VII Съезд Вавиловского общества генетиков и селекционеров, 18-22 июнь 2019год, Сант-Петербург, С. 479.

139

Morphogenesis in Tissue Culture of Local Kazakh Cotton Varieties

DOI:10.3844/ojbsci.2017.178.186

(IF=27; Q3 in Biology and Biotechnology).

Callus was initiated from hypocotyl and cotyledon explants of seven of commercial Kazakh cotton cultivars on MS medium supplemented with 0,1 mg L⁻¹ 2,4-D and 0,5 mg L⁻¹ kinetin. The percentage of callus formation ranged from 64,0 to 91,0% for cotyledons and from 72 to 90% for hypocotyls. Study of morphological heterogeneity peculiarities of metamorphosis and histological structure of calli of cotton allowed to identifying seven tissues types and selecting the morphologically stable and perspective callus type for embryogenesis. Significant differences between the calli types of cotton were found by histological and morphological comparative analysis.

Bishimbayeva Nazira, Yertayeva Bakhyt, Amirova Aigul and Rakhimbayev Izbasar. Morphogenesis in Tissue Culture of Local Kazakh Cotton Varieties // OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences, 2017. 17(3). P. 178-186

DOI:10.3844/ojbsci.2017.178.186

140

[Immunocytochemical analysis of the disturbances in the structure of synaptonemal complexes in spermatocyte nuclei in mice under exposure to rocket fuel component]

DOI: 10.18821/0016-9900-2016-95-3-293-296

(20 процентиль в Environmental Science)

There was performed an assessment of genotoxic effects of rocket fuel component - unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH, heptyl) - on forming germ cells of male mice. Immunocytochemically there was studied the structure of meiotic nuclei at different times after the intraperitoneal administration of UDMH to male mice. There were revealed following types of disturbances of the structure of synaptonemal complexes (SCs) of meiotic chromosomes: single and multiple fragments of SCs associations of autosomes with a sex bivalent, atypical structure of the SCs with a frequency higher than the reference level. In addition, there were found the premature desinapsis of sex bivalents, the disorder of formation of the genital corpuscle and ring SCs. Established disorders in SCs of spermatocytes, analyzed at 38th day after the 10-days intoxication of animal by the component of rocket fuel, attest to the risk of permanent persistence of chromosomal abnormalities occurring in the pool of stem cells. 

Lovinskaya A.V., Kolumbayeva S.Zh., Abilev S.K., Kolomiets O.L. Immunocytochemical analysis of the disturbances in the structure of synaptonemal complexes in spermatocyte nuclei in mice under exposure to rocket fuel component // Gigiena i Sanitariya. – 2016. – Vol. 95, No. 3. – P. 293 – 296.

DOI: 10.18821/0016-9900-2016-95-3-293-296

141

Genotoxic effects of pesticide fipronil in somatic and generative cells of mice

DOI: 10.1134/S1022795416050070

(8 процентиль в Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology;

IF=0.581, Q4 in Genetics & Heredity)

The pronounced genotoxic effect of fipronil in all used doses (4.75, 9.50, 19.00, and 31.70 mg/kg) at a single exposure in the liver, lungs and spleen was ascertained by the Comet assay. Organ specificity of genotoxic effects of the pesticide was revealed. The liver was the most sensitive to fipronil. Fipronil at a dose of 9.50 mg/kg in a single and repeated exposure (within 10 days) induced aberrations in mouse bone marrow cells with the frequency exceeding the spontaneous mutation rate (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Fipronil also showed genotoxic activity in the germ cells of the experimental animals, causing abnormalities of the structure of synaptonemal complexes in the spermatocytes.

Lovinskaya A.V., Kolumbayeva S.Z., Kolomiets O.L., Abilev S.K. Genotoxic effects of pesticide fipronil in somatic and generative cells of mice // Russian Journal of Genetics. – 2016. – Vol.52, No. 5. – P. 491 – 497.

DOI: 10.1134/S1022795416050070

142

Genotoxic effects of N-nitrosodimethylamine in somatic and generative cells of mice

DOI: 10.17816/ecogen15334-41

(19 процентиль в Environmental Science)

N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was shown to have genotoxic properties in acute and subacute studies on laboratory mice. The organ-specificity of the genotoxic effect of NDMA was revealed using the Comet assay. The most sensitive organs to the action of NDMA were kidneys and liver. DNA damage in liver cells of NDMA-treated animals at doses of 4.0 and 8.0 mg/kg, increased compared to control in 6.9 and 12.5 (p < 0.001), and in kidney cells - in 8.1 and 14.2 times (p < 0.001), respectively. NDMA also showed genotoxic activity in the reproductive cells of experimental animals, causing structural disorders of synaptonemal complexes in spermatocyte. In NDMA-treated animals at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg in acute and subacute studies, the level of spermatocytes with damaged synaptonemal complexes increased statistically significantly compared to control in 6.0 and 7.0 (p < 0.05) times, respectively.

Lovinskaya A.V., Kolumbayeva S.Z., Kolomiets O.L., Abilev S.K. Genotoxic effects of N-nitrosodimethylamine in somatic and generative cells of mice // Ecological Genetics. – 2017. – Vol. 15, No. 3. – P. 34 – 41

DOI: 10.17816/ecogen15334-41

143

Antigenotoxic activity of biologically active substances from Inula britannica and Limonium gmelini

DOI: 10.1134/S1022795417120080

(8 процентиль в Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,

IF=0.581, Q4 in Genetics & Heredity)

The antigenotoxic and antioxidant activities of biologically active substances of extracts from Inula britannica L. and Limonium gmelinii (Willd.) Kuntze in E. coli strains MG1655 (pColD-lux), MG1655 (pSoxS-lux), and MG1655 (pKatG-lux) were studied by the bioluminescent test. Plant extracts from I. britannica and L. gmelinii in all used concentrations (0.5, 5.0, 50.0, and 500.0 μg/mL) had no genotoxic or oxidant activity. The extracts statistically significantly reduced the bioluminescence intensity of the pColD-lux, pKatG-lux, and pSoxS-lux sensors (p < 0.05) induced by 4-NQO and dioxidine, hydrogen peroxide, and paraquat, respectively. The activity of the extracts depended on their concentration; the greatest antigenotoxic and antioxidant effects were detected at a concentration of 500.0 μg/mL. 

Lovinskaya A.V., Kolumbayeva S.Z., Shalakhmetova T.M., Marsova M.V., Abilev S.K. Antigenotoxic activity of biologically active substances from Inula britannica and Limonium gmelini // Russian Journal of Genetics. – 2017. – Vol. 53, No. 12. – P. 1311 – 1319

DOI: 10.1134/S1022795417120080

144

Complex study of potential toxicity and genotoxicity of water samples from natural sources of the suburban zone of Almaty

DOI: 10.17816/ecogen17269-81

(19 процентиль в Environmental Science)

Background. Natural aquatic ecosystems are the habitat of many organisms, a source of drinking water, a resource for human activities and are subjected to anthropogenic pressure. In this regard, interest in studying the genotoxicity and mutagenicity of surface waters has increased significantly. The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects of the surface waters of the suburban area of Almaty. Material and methods. The research materials were water samples of the rivers Esik, Turgen and Lake Esik. The atomic absorption method, lux-test, cytogenetic tests (Hordeum vulgare L.), phytotoxicity test (Allium cepa L.) and embryotoxicity (Danio rerio H.) were used. Results. Physico-chemical water analysis revealed an excess of MPC for Mn, Pb, Cd, Zn. Using the lux-test on E. coli KatG strains, the pro-oxidant activity of Esik R. water. On the plant test objects revealed toxicity and mutagenicity of water samples. The results of bio-testing of natural waters with D. rerio revealed their high toxicity and teratogenicity for embryos at all stages of development. Conclusion. The results of this study obtained on various test-systems and test-objects indicate that surface waters are contaminated by environmentally dangerous factors that pose a threat to biota and human health. 

Lovinskaya A.V., Kolumbayeva S.Z., Suvorova M.A., Iliyassova A.I., Biyasheva Z.M., Abilev S.K. Complex study of potential toxicity and genotoxicity of water samples from natural sources of the suburban zone of Almaty // Ecological Genetics. – 2019. – Vol. 17, No. 2. P. 69 – 81

DOI: 10.17816/ecogen17269-81

145

Toxic and genotoxic activity of river waters of the Kazakhstan

DOI: 10.1016/j.chnaes.2021.01.011

(40 процентиль в Environmental Science)

Introduction: In this study, physicochemical, genotoxic, and mutagenic properties of water samples from 10 rivers of the Almaty region (Kazakhstan) were evaluated. Results: The results of the study demonstrated an increased level of mineralization and electrical conductivity that might be caused by the high concentration of dissolved mineral salts and ions such as Na⁺, K⁺, Ca^{2 +}, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, HCO₃⁻. The excess of Maximum Allowable Concentrations (MACs) for various heavy metals was revealed. The results of tests using the pXen7-lux biosensor showed toxic effects of river waters. At the same time, the studies involved lux biosensors pRecA-lux, pColD-lux, pSoxS-lux, pKatG-lux did not find any genotoxic and oxidative effects. However, toxicity and mutagenicity of the studied water samples was detected by using plant test (Allium cepa and Hordeum vulgare). Phytotoxic, cytotoxic (decrease in the mitotic index) and mutagenic (increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations) activity of the water samples was observed. The data of in vivo tests (Danio rerio) showed the high toxicity and teratogenicity of river waters for fish embryos at all stages of development. Conclusions: The results of this comprehensive study indicate that the contamination of the surface natural waters poses a threat to rivers dwellers and the human population in the rivers areas.

Lovinskaya A., Kolumbayeva S., Begimbetova D., Suvorova M., Bekmagambetova N., Abilev S. Toxic and genotoxic activity of river waters of the Kazakhstan // Shengtai Xuebao (Acta Ecologica Sinica). – 2021. - DOI: 10.1016/j.chnaes.2021.01.011

146

Application of a zebrafish embryo toxicity assay for the study of surface water toxicity in the Lower Ile river

DOI: 10.26577/ijbch-2018-2-346

The quality of surface waters of Lower Ile river, Kapchagay and Kutry reservoirs was assessed in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embriotoxicity test. The test was performed according to OECD guideline test No. 236, the exposure period was 5-72 h post fertilization, direct mutagen methylmethanesulfonate (MMS) was used as positive control to assess test system response. The standard visual mortality criteria of the test were applied for evaluation of possible lethal or teratogenic effect of surface waters. Exposure to MMS in concentration of 3.4 mg/L resulted in coagulation of 33.3% of embryos (p <= 0.01) and almost 90% (p <= 0.01) of survived embryos displayed various kinds of malformations to 72 hours post fertilization. which indicates test system susceptibility to the mutagens. It was established that none of surface water samples possess significant embryo toxic effects but all induce the spectrum of malformations related to axial skeleton (scoliosis, end tail malformation), water/salt balance and chorion permeability (oedema) and growth patterns (growth retardation) in different incidences. The lowest rate of teratogenicity was observed in embryos incubated in samples from Kapchagay bay (28.2%, p <= 0.05) and Ile river at Bakanas region (site 2, 27.2%, p <= 0.05). The teratogenic effect of water samples from Kurty reservoir and Ile river (site 1) was commensurable - 33.3% (p <= 0.05) and 36.0% (p <= 0.01) respectively. Among all tested sites only the samples of surface waters form Kurty pond produced multiple phenotypic effects in zebrafish Danio rerio embryos congruous to MMS exposure and especially, relatively high level of growth retardation, proposing the presence of disrupting or alkylating compounds in surface water samples.

Suvorova M.A., Lovinskaya A.V., Kolumbayeva S.Z. Application of a zebrafish embryo toxicity assay for the study of surface water toxicity in the Lower Ile river // International Journal of Biology and Chemistry. – 2018. – Vol. 11, No. 2. – P. 68-74.

DOI

10.26577/ijbch-2018-2-346

147

Antimutagenic activity of medicinal plants Salvia officinalis L. and Origanum vulgare L. (family Lamiaceae)

DOI: 10.26577/ijbch-2019-v2-5

The search for effective protectors of natural origin to correct mutagenic and toxic effects does not lose its relevance due to the increase of environmentally hazardous factors in the environment. The mutagenic and antimutagenic effect on chromosomal aberrations in root tips of barley seeds germinated under infusions of medicinal plants of oregano (Origanum vulgare) and sage (Salvia officinalis) of the Lamiaceae family were investigated. The studied infusion with different methods of preparation (concentrated, diluted, and phytotea) did not show a mutagenic effect, the frequency of structural mutations in barley seeds treated with infusions was at the level of negative control. The ability of oregano and sage infusions to reduce induced mutagenesis was also established. The frequency of mutagen-induced chromosomal aberrations decreased statistically significant (p<0.01) in the combined pre- and posttreatment of each infusion with methyl methanesulfonate (MMS, positive control). The level of inhibition of the mutation process depended on the sequence of treatment to infusions and mutagen, as well as the type of infusion. A comparative analysis of the results of combined treatment of barley seeds with mutagen and infusions of oregano and sage showed that the pretreatment infusions before mutagen more effectively reduces the level of induced mutagenesis than the posttreatment. The effectiveness of the antimutagenic action of the studied infusions evaluated by the reduction factor. The reduction factor in the infusion of diluted oregano and oregano tea was above 60%, which indicates the ability to inhibit MMS induced mutagenesis by Origanum vulgare infusions by 60%. The reduction factor of the concentrated sage infusion in barley seeds pretreatment with it was 51%, diluted sage infusions and tea was 70% and 71%, respectively. The reduction factor indicates the ability of Salvia officinalis infusions to inhibit MMS-induced mutagenesis by 50-70% with pretreatment on barley seeds. The obtained results indicate the presence of antimutagenic activity in the studied medicinal herbs due to the presence of different biologically active compounds. Infusions of medicinal plants of oregano and sage can recommend for the development of means of protecting the body from chemical mutagenic factors.

Kolumbayeva S.Z., Lovinskaya A.V., Bekmagambetova N.T., Abilev S.K. Antimutagenic activity of medicinal plants Salvia officinalis L. and Origanum vulgare L. (family Lamiaceae) // International Journal of Biology and Chemistry. – 2019. – Vol. 12, No. 2. – P. 40-48.

DOI: 10.26577/ijbch-2019-v2-5

148

Genetic diversity of different breeds of Kazakh sheep using microsatellite analysis

DOI: 10.5194/aab-62-305-2019

(Процентиль = 58; Arch. Аnim. Вreed)

A total of 75 individuals from five sheep populations in Kazakhstan were investigated based on 12 STR (short tandem repeat, also known as microsatellite) markers in order to study their genetic structure and phylogenetic relationship based on genetic distances. These sheep had a high level of genetic diversity. In total, 163 alleles were found in all the populations using 12 microsatellite loci. The mean number of alleles, effective number of alleles, and polymorphism information content (PIC) values per loci were 13.4, 5.9, and 0.78, respectively. Comparing the allelic diversity between the populations, the highest genetic diversity was observed in the Edilbay-1 sheep breed (8.333±0.644), and the lowest parameter was for Kazakh Arkhar-Merino (7.083±0.633). In all populations, there is a deficiency of heterozygosity. The largest genetic diversity was found in loci INRA023 and CSRD247 with 16 alleles, and the smallest polymorphism was noted for the locus D5S2 with 8 alleles. The level of observed heterozygosity was in the range 0.678±0.051 for Kazakh Arkhar-Merino and 0.767±0.047 for Kazakh fat-tailed coarse wool. The expected heterozygosity level range was from 0.702±0.033 for Kazakh Arkhar-Merino to 0.777±0.023 for Edilbay-1. When 12 microsatellite loci are compared, the OarFCB20 locus showed the highest level of genetic variability. Excess of heterozygosity was observed at three loci; MAF065, McM042, and OarFCB20. The highest genetic distance was observed between Kazakh Arkhar-Merino and Edilbay-1, whereas the genetic distance between Edilbay-1 and Edilbay-2 is the smallest using Nei's standard genetic distance. The Edilbay-1 sheep breed possesses the largest genetic diversity among these five populations.

K. Dossybayev, Z. Orazymbetova, A. Mussayeva, N. Saitou, R. Zhapbasov, B. Makhatov, B Bekmanov. Genetic diversity of different breeds of Kazakh sheep using microsatellite analysis. //Arch. Аnim. Вreed., 62, 2019. P.305-312. DOI: 10.5194/aab-62-305-2019

149

Analysis of Genetic Diversity in three Kazakh Sheep using 12 microsatellites

DOI: 10.14419/ijet.v7i4.38.24336

(Процентиль = 10; Arch. Аnim. Вreed)

The genetic structure of three Kazakh sheep breeds was examined by using 12 microsatellite loci. A total of 144 alleles were detected from the 12 STR loci, with a mean value of 12.0. The highest allele diversity was found at the locus CSRD247 (16 alleles). PIC value showed that all studied STR markers are more informative and appropriate for genetic analysis of three Kazakh sheep populations. Beside of INRA006, all markers had high level of genetic variability. As Fixation index shows, the excess of the heterozygosity was observed only in loci MAF065. Obtained number of private alleles in Edilbai, Kazakh Arkhar Merino and Kazakh Fine-wool sheep were 25, 17 and 15 respectively. Genetic diversity was higher in Edilbai population than in other two populations. The genetic variability was lower in Kazakh Arkhar Merino sheep than in the Edilbai and Kazakh Fine-wool sheep breeds. The genetic distance was the largest between Edilbai and Kazakh Arkhar Merinos. Also, the moderate differentiation was observed between Edilbai and Kazakh Arkhar Merinos.

K. Dossybayev, A. Mussayeva, B. Bekmanov, B. Kulataev. Analysis of Genetic Diversity in three Kazakh Sheep using 12 Microsatellites. // International International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7 (4.38) 2018. P.122-124

150

Phytoremediation potential of Miscanthus sinensis аnd in organochlorine pesticides contaminated soil amended by Tween 20 and Activated carbon

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11609-y

The organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have raised concerns about being persistent and toxic to the environment. Phytoremediation techniques show promise for the revitalization of polluted soils. The current study focused on optimizing the phytoremediation potential of Miscanthus sinensis And. (M. sinensis), second-generation energy crop, by exploring two soil amendments: Tween 20 and activated carbon (AC). The results showed that when M. sinensis grew in OCP-polluted soil without amendments to it, the wide range of compounds, i.e., α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, 2.4-DDD, 4.4-DDE, 4.4-DDD, 4.4-DDT, aldrin, dieldrin, and endrin, was accumulated by the plant. The introduction of soil amendments improved the growth parameters of M. sinensis. The adding of Tween 20 enhanced the absorption and transmigration to aboveground biomass for some OCPs; i.e., for γ-HCH, the increase was by 1.2, for 4.4-DDE by 8.7 times; this effect was due to the reduction of the hydrophobicity which made pesticides more bioavailable for the plant. The adding of AC reduced OCPs absorption by plants, consequently, for γ-HCH by 2.1 times, 4.4-DDD by 20.5 times, 4.4-DDE by 1.4 times, 4.4-DDT by 8 times, α-HCH was not adsorbed at all, and decreased the translocation to the aboveground biomass: for 4.4-DDD by 31 times, 4.4-DDE by 2.8 times, and γ-HCH by 2 times; this effect was due to the decrease in the bioavailability of pesticides. Overall, the amendment of OCP-polluted soil by Tween 20 speeds the remediation process, and incorporation of AC permitted to produce the relatively clean biomass for energy.

Mamirova A., Pidlisnyuk V., ,   Amirbekov A., Ševců A., Nurzhanova A. Phytoremediation potential of Miscanthus sinensis аnd in organochlorine pesticides contaminated soil amended by Tween 20 and Activated carbon //

Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2021) 28:16092–16106.

Web science. Q 2,

Impact Factor: 2.914.

151

Comparative assessment of using Miscanthus × giganteus for remediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals: a case of military and mining sites

DOI:

10.1007/s11356-019-04707-z

Contamination of soil by heavy metals is among the important environmental problems due to their toxicity and negative impact to human health and the environment. An effective method for cleaning the soil from heavy metals is phytoremediation using the second-generation bioenergy species Miscanthus × giganteus. The purpose of this research is to study the benefits of M. × giganteus cultivation at the soils taken from the mining and former military sites contaminated by As, Pb, Zn, Co, Ni, Cr, Cu, V, Mn, Sr, U as well as at the soil artificially contaminated by Zn and Pb, to evaluate the physiological parameters of the plant, to establish peculiarities of the phytoremediation process and to characterize the behavior of plant in relation to the nature and concentrations of the metals in the soils. Results showed that M. × giganteus was resistant to heavy metals (tolerance index ≥ 1), and that the greatest portion of metals accumulated in the root system. The morphological parameters of the plant while grown on different soils are influenced by soil type and the content of contaminants. The stress effect while growing M. × giganteus on soil artificially contaminated by Zn and Pb was evaluated by measuring the content of pigments (chlorophylls a, b, and carotenoids) in the plant’s leaves. The decrease in the total content of chlorophylls, Сa+b/Сcar and transpiration rate of water along with the increase in the water absorbing capacity were observed. The accumulation of heavy metals in different parts of the plant was determined; bioaccumulation coefficient and values of translocation factor were calculated. The obtained results showed that M. × giganteus was an excluder plant for nine highly toxic elements (As, Pb, Zn, Co, Ni, Cr, Cu, V, U), and accumulator species for the moderately dangerous elements (Mn, Sr). The further research will be focused on the extraction of stable stimulated plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria from the rhizosphere of M. × giganteus and formulation on that base the plant-bacterial associations as well as on comparison of the plant physiological parameters, biochemical soil activity, accumulation of heavy metals in the miscanthus tissues between first and second vegetations.

Nurzhanova A.,   Pidlisnyuk V, Abit K., Nurzhanov Ch., Kenessov B., Stefanovska T., Erickson L. Comparative assessment of using Miscanthus × giganteus for remediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals: a case of military and mining sites // Environmental Science and Pollution Research. – 2019. – Vol. 26. – P.13320-13333

Web science. Q 2,

Impact Factor: 2.914.

152

Plant–Microbe Associations in Phytoremediation.

Microorganisms are important partners with plants in phytotechnolog applications. Plant–microbe relationships in phytoremediation include those of rhizobac­teria which colonize root surfaces and biodegrade organic contaminants and other organic matter; endophytic bacteria that colonize the inner surface of plant stems and biodegrade organic com-pounds; and plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) that have beneficial effects for plants. Plants produce organic substrates for the microbial populations. Because of root exudates, there are healthy numbers of bacteria near root surfaces that help with nutrient cycling and other ecosystem services. There is an emphasis on plant–microbe associations with Miscanthus; studies are conducted with and without PGPBs in soils con-taminated with metals. Effects of PGPBs on bioconcentration factor and   translocation factor are reported for Miscanthus growing in metal con-taminated soil.

Nurzhanova A.,   Mamirova A.,   Trögl J.,     Nebeská D.,   Pidlisnyuk V. Plant–Microbe Associations in Phytoremediation –. Phytotechnology with Biomass Production: Sustainable Management of Contaminated Sites / ed. Erickson L.E., Pidlisnyuk V.V. CRC press Taylor & Francis Group, - 2021. - P. 123–140.

Web science

Identifiers: LCCN 2021021263 (print) | LCCN 2021021264 (ebook) |

ISBN 9780367522803 (hardback) | ISBN 9781003082613 (ebook)

153

Ecological risk assessment and long-term environmental pollution caused by obsolete undisposed organochlorine pesticides

https://doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2021.1913931

Obsolete organochlorine pesticides (OSPs) are currently prohibited as persistent organic pollutants that contaminate the environment. If undisposed, they continue to pollute soil and water, to accu-mulate in the food chain and to harm plants, animals and the human body. The aim of the study was to assess water and soil pollution around the storehouses of undisposed, banned OSPs and their possible genotoxic effect. The storehouses in four villages near Almaty, Kazakhstan were investigated. Chemical analysis confirmed contamination of water and soil around storehouses with OSPs. The genotoxic effect of water and soil samples was evaluated using model objects: S.typhymurium, D.melanogaster, sheep lymphocytes cultures and human lymphocytes cultures. It was found that water and soil samples caused mutagenic effect in all model systems. They increased the frequency of revertants in Salmonella, the frequency of lethal mutations in Drosophila chromosomes, and the frequency of chromosome aberrations in cultures of human and sheep lymphocytes. Although a genotoxic effect was demonstrated for each of these models, various models showed different sensitivity to the effects of pesticides and they varied degree of response. The association between the total content of OCPs in soil and the level of mutations for different model systems was discovered.

Mit N., Cherednichenko O., Mussayeva A., Khamdiyeva O., Amirgalieva A., Begmanova M., Tolebaeva A., Koishekenova G., Zaypanova S., Pilyugina A., Amandykova M., Tlenshieva A. Nurzhanova, A., Mamorova A.  Bekmanov B., Djansugurova L.     Ecological risk assessment and long-term environmental pollution caused by obsolete undisposed organochlorine pesticides .. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH, PART B 2021, VOL. 56, NO. 5, 490–502

https://doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2021.1913931

Scopus/ Impact Factor: 1.990

154

Potential role of plant growth-promoting bacteria in Miscanthus x giganteus phytotechnology applied to the trace elements contaminated soils

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2020.105103

The second-generation energy crop Miscanthus x giganteus (M. xgiganteus) is a perspective plant for phytor-emediation of contaminated lands and the production of biomass. The excellent quality biomass can be ensured by adding soil amendments or inoculation of the plant by plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). The main goal of the current study was to research the influence of PGPB Bacillus altitudinis strain KP-14 isolated from the post-mining aged contaminated soil in Všebořice dump, Ústí nad Labem to the phytoremediation parameters and biomass production of M. xgiganteus. The experiment was done in the greenhouse conditions using the initial aged soil contaminated by the following trace elements (TEs): V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Pb and the same aged soil, additionally artificially contaminated by Pb. The results showed that PGPB treatment increased the growth process and leaves, stems, and roots biomass at harvest by 49%, 86%, and 76%, respectively. In the presence of B. altitudinis strain KP-14, the translocation factor decreased, the uptake index of TEs remained low and the process can be classified as phytostabilization. The finding showed that the application of PGPB strain could be used in the sustainable production of M. xgiganteus at the TEs contaminated soil.

Pidlisnyuk V., Mamirova A., Pranaw K., Shapoval P., Trogl J., Nurzhanova A. Potential role of plant growth-promoting bacteria in Miscanthus x giganteus phytotechnology applied to the trace elements contaminated soils // International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. – 2020. – Vol. 155. – P. 105103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2020.105103

Web science Q1.

IF 4.100

155

Activated Carbons from Miscanthus Straw for Cleaning Water Bodies in Kazakhstan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj867

Pollution of water bodies by heavy metals is an acute problem in Kazakhstan. Hence, search for and implementation of sustainable environmental technologies for water purification is of high priority. Activated carbon appears as an appropriate material as reflected in a number of previous studies. Due to a growing interest in low-cost active coals from renewable, rapidly recovering raw materials, especially for the purification of drinking water and wastewater, special attention has been in recent years been paid to the preparation activated carbons from some types of agricultural by-products. Along these lines a technology for producing new carbon-containing sorbents, i.e., activated carbon from Miscanthus straw (Мiscanthus x giganteus) is reported. The method of preparation, type of reactor, experimental conditions and the influence of the selected initial material on the properties of the resulting activated carbons are discussed. The activation of the primarily carbonized material in super-heated steam creates an activated coal material with a specific surface area of 541.9 m2/g and a specific pore volume of 0.232 cm3/g. The possible application for purification of water bodies from selected heavy metals was studied by estimation of the sorption capacity of the generated active coal material towards selected metal ions. The adsorption capacity for copper, zinc and lead ions is 90, 100, 500 mg/L, which allows to consider obtained by this method AC as an attractive alternative to traditional coal sorbents.

Abit K.E., Carlsen L., Nurzhanova A.A., NauryzbaevM.K. Activated Carbons from Miscanthus Straw for Cleaning Water Bodies in Kazakhstan //Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal. – 2019. – Vol. 21. – P. 259‒267.

Scopus.

Impact Factor: 0.410

156

Optimization of microbial assisted phytoremediation of soils contaminated with pesticides

https://doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2020.1825330

580 microbial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of the plants Cucurbita pepo L. and Xanthium strumarium grown on soil contaminated with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites. During the cultivation, two bacterial strains were selected because of their ability to grow on media containing 0.5–5.0 mg L⁻¹ of dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) as the sole carbon source. They were identified as Bacillus vallismortis and Bacillus aryabhattai. Both of these species were shown to have a high capacity for the utilization of DDE – more than 90% of which was consumed after 21 days of cultivation. Laboratory experiments were carried out then to assess the possibility of using these strains for the decontamination of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) contaminated soils. Inoculation of C. pepo and X. strumarium with our isolates B. vallismortis and B. aryabhattai resulted in a reduction of the pollutant stress to the plants as shown by an increase both in aboveground and in root biomass. The microorganisms enhanced the uptake and phytostabilization potential of C. pepo and X. strumarium and can be applied for the treatment of DDE contaminated soils.

Nurzhanova A., Mukasheva T., Berzhanova R., Kalugin S., Omirbekova A., Mikolasch A. Optimization of microbial assisted phytoremediation of soils contaminated with pesticides // J. Phytoremediation. Taylor & Francis, - 2021. - Vol. 23, № 5. - P. 482–491.

Web science Q2.

IF 2.570

157

Cooperative antiproliferative and differentiation-enhancing activity of medicinal plant extracts in acute myeloid leukemia cells

DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.04.062

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematopoietic malignancy with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) berries, dog rose (Rosa canina) rosehips, and garden sage (Salvia officinalis) and oregano (Origanum vulgare) aerial parts are widely used in traditional medicine and exhibit antitumor effects in preclinical models. However, these plants remain scarcely tested for antileukemic activity. Here, we show that their water-ethanol leaf extracts reduced the growth and viability of AML cells and, at non-cytotoxic doses, potentiated cell differentiation induced by a low concentration of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, the hormonal form of vitamin D, in a cell type-dependent manner. The latter effect was accompanied by upregulation of the vitamin D receptor protein components and its transcriptional activity. Furthermore, at minimally effective doses the extracts cooperated with one another to produce marked cytostatic effects associated with a partial S-phase arrest and a modest induction of apoptosis. In contrast, these combinations only slightly affected the growth and viability of proliferating normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In addition, the extracts strongly inhibited microsomal lipid peroxidation and protected normal erythrocytes against hypoosmotic shock. Our results suggest that further exploration of the enhanced antileukemic effects of the combinations tested here may lead to the development of alternative therapeutic and preventive approaches against AML.

Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia; Cell cycle; Cell differentiation; Cell proliferation; Medicinal plant extracts; Vitamin D.

Zhamanbayeva G.T., Aralbayeva A.N., Murzakhmetova M.K., Tuleukhanov S.T.,     Danilenko M.P. Cooperative antiproliferative and differentiation –enhancing activity of medicinal plant exracts in acute myeloid leukemia cells.//Biomedicine pharmacotherapy.-№82.-2016.-p.80-89.

158

Influence of enterosorbents on electrical conductivity of auricular biologically active points of animals’ skin

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.06.1122

The expediency of exploratory research is affected by the necessity of expanding the range of sorbents with more efficient properties. According to different estimates, from 40 to 70% of new drugs are created based on natural molecules or their synthetic analogues and derivatives. Thus, plant compounds may be developed into sorption biosystems with qualitatively new properties. From this point of view, the development of selective nano sorbents for medicine, which combines the properties of mineral matrix and carbon nanostructures is of special interest. In the Institute of Combustion Problems at the execution of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, by carbonization activation of vegetative raw material (rice husk) received nanostructured carbon sorbent «Ingo-2». Biologically active points contain information about the physiological state of an organism. Nanoenterosorbent “Ingo-2” has a physiological effect on an organism, which is reflected in profound changes in the electrical conductivity of auricular biologically active points of skin. A general upturn of electrical conductivity from 32.1 ± 0.7 to 38.7 ± 0.5 was detected. But this upturn wasn’t linear, it was undulating, which is typical for biological system. Qualitative consistent patterns that were detected within a 7-day period suggest the presence of specific control blocks in the links of the homeostasis of the skin at acupuncture points. It was established that indicators of electrical conductivity of auricular biologically active points of skin can be used as criteria for assessing the functional state of regulatory systems of animals’ organism.

Ablaykhanova N.T., Sraylova G.T., Askarova Z.A., Kulbayeva M.S., Mautenbaev A.A., Ablaykhanova Nurzat.T., Tuleukhanov S.T.,   Tusupbekova G.A., Influence of enterosorbentson electrical conductivity of auricular biological active points of animals skin.//"European Biotechnology Congress".05-07 may 2016//Riga, Latvia. – pp. 303-310.

159

Mitochondria-Mediated Anticancer Effects of Non-Thermal Atmospheric Plasma

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156818

Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma has attracted great interest due to its multiple potential biomedical applications with cancer treatment being among the most urgent. To realize the clinical potential of non-thermal plasma, the exact cellular and molecular mechanisms of plasma effects must be understood. This work aimed at studying the prostate cancer specific mechanisms of non-thermal plasma effects on energy metabolism as a central regulator of cell homeostasis and proliferation. It was found that cancer cells with higher metabolic rate initially are more resistant to plasma treated phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) since the respiratory and calcium sensitive signaling systems were not responsive to plasma exposure. However, dramatic decline of cancer oxidative phosphorylation developed over time resulted in significant progression of cell lethality. The normal prostate cells with low metabolic activity immediately responded to plasma treated PBS by suppression of respiratory functions and sustained elevation of cytosolic calcium. However, over time the normal cells start recovering their mitochondria functions, proliferate and restore the cell population. We found that the non-thermal plasma induced increase in intracellular ROS is of primarily non-mitochondrial origin. The discriminate non-thermal plasma effects hold a promise for clinical cancer intervention.

Zhunussova A., Yitol E.A., Polyak B., Brooks A.D., Sensenig R., Friedman G.,Orynbayeva Z. Mitochondria-Mediated Anticancer Effects of Non-Thermal Atmospheric Plasma.// PLoS ONE.-2016.-vol.11,№6. –p. 210-225.

160

Danazol alters mitochondria metabolism of fibrocystic breast Mcf10A cells

DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2017.06.007

Fibrocystic Breast Disease (FBD) or Fibrocystic change (FC) affects about 60% of women at some time during their life. Although usually benign, it is often associated with pain and tenderness (mastalgia). The synthetic steroid danazol has been shown to be effective in reducing the pain associated with FBD, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms for its action have not been elucidated. We investigated the hypothesis that danazol acts by affecting energy metabolism. Effects of danazol on Mcf10A cells homeostasis, including mechanisms of oxidative phosphorylation, cytosolic calcium signaling and oxidative stress, were assessed by high-resolution respirometry and flow cytometry. In addition to fast physiological responses the associated genomic modulations were evaluated by Affimetrix microarray analysis. The alterations of mitochondria membrane potential and respiratory activity, downregulation of energy metabolism transcripts result in suppression of energy homeostasis and arrest of Mcf10A cells growth. The data obtained in this study impacts the recognition of direct control of mitochondria by cellular mechanisms associated with altered energy metabolism genes governing the breast tissue susceptibility and response to medication by danazol.

Keywords: Ca(2+); Danazol; Energy metabolism signaling; Mcf10A; OxPhos.

Irgebay.Z., Yerzhan B., Sen B., Tuleukhanov S.T., Brooks A., Sensenig R., Orynbayeva Z. Danazol alters mitochondria metabolism of fibrocystic Tuleukhanov S.T., Brooks A., Sensenig R., Orynbayeva Z. breast McF 10A //The Breast. №35.//-2017.-P.55-62.

161

Synthesis, Morphostructure, Surface Chemistry and Preclinical studies of Nanoporous Rice Husk-Divided Biochars for gastrointestinal detoxification

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj678

This article summarizes the methodology of synthesis, surface functionalization and structural properties of rice husk-derived nanostructured carbon enterosorbents (biochars) in connection with the preliminary in vitro study results of uraemic toxin adsorption in model experiments, as well as preclinical trials in vivo. The obtained nanostructured carbon sorbents were studied using a number of modern physicochemical methods of investigation: low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, isotherms recording and calculation of the specific surface area, pore volumes were carried out using the Autosorb-1 "Quantachrome" device. Scanning electron microscopy and EDS-analysis. Mercury intrusion porosimetry analysis of the ACs were accomplished using "Quantachrome Poremaster" data analysis software. In vitro adsorption results assessed by use of HPLC and UV-spectroscopy for the nanostructured carbon sorbents with respect to the investigated low-molecule toxins suggest that the rice husks-derived carbon enterosorbents modified with the functional groups are able to reduce clinically significant levels of uraemic toxins and are comparable to the commercial enterosorbents. Based on the results of the comparative analysis for biocompatibility of canine kidney epithelial cells it was determined that the samples of the modified sorbents CRH P 450 and CRH 475 KOH 850 N do not exhibit cytotoxicity in comparison with the commercial carbon enterosorbent «Adsorbix Extra». According to the results of the in vivo studies, it was determined that there was a the positive effect of enterosorbent on uremia and intoxication.

Jandosov I.M., Mikhalovska L.I., Howell C.A., Chenchik D.I., Kosher B.K., Lyubchik S.B. Silvestre-Alberoy., Ablaykhanova N.T., Sraylova G.T., Tuleukhanov S.T., Mikhalovsky S.V. Synthesis, Morphostructure, Surface Chemistry and Preclinical studies of Nanoporous Rice Husk-Divided Biochars for gastrointestinal detoxification.// Eurasian Chemico- Technological journal.// Vol 19.-2017-pp.303-313.

162

Regulation of Action Potential Frequency and Amplitude by T-type Ca2+ Channel During Spontaneous Synchronous Activity of Hippocampal Neurons

• ·         DOI

In this paper, the changes in the frequency and amplitude of action potentials (AP) were investigated depending on the depolarization caused by the Ca²⁺ channels activity during the spontaneous synchronous activity (SSA) of hippocampal neurons in culture. It is known that the pacemaker neuronal electrical activity can be both tonic and bursting. Using the image analysis to measure [Са²⁺]_i and patch-clamp to register the membrane potential we show that depolarization caused by the GABA(A) receptor inhibitor results in a pattern of SSA in which tonic APs frequency of 2−3 Hz are generated by a neuron without any changes in cytosolic free Ca²⁺ concentration, ([Ca²⁺]_i). The tonic mode is interrupted by bursts activity, which is accompanied by slow depolarization and calcium pulses. The inhibitor of T-type calcium channels, ML218, suppresses this process. The frequency and amplitude of the AP are regulated by slow depolarization pulses as follows: on the depolarization front, the APs frequency increases. At the same time, the amplitude decreases due to Na⁺ channels inactivation. The higher is the depolarization rate, the higher is the APs frequency. If slow depolarization amplitude exceeds Na⁺ channels reactivation potential, the neuronal impulse activity stops. As the [Ca²⁺]_i increases and Ca²⁺-dependent K⁺ channels are activated, depolarization amplitude decreases slowly, and Na⁺ channels are reactivated, which leads to a gradual increase in the amplitude of APs against the background of depolarization decrease. The frequency of APs on the backside of depolarization pulse slows down to 3–4 Hz due to the occurrence of the faster Ca²⁺-potential oscillations (micro bursts of AP). Under these conditions, only one AP can be generated due to rapid depolarization at the leading edge. After that, APs generation is suppressed due to Na⁺ channel inactivation. The frequency of APs in this case coincides with the Ca²⁺ channel activation frequency (3−4 Hz). The burst firing is terminated due to [Ca²⁺]_i increase, Ca²⁺-dependent K⁺ channels activation, and voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels (VGCC) inactivation. As a result, the membrane is hyperpolarized even more (10 mV lower than the critical potential), that suppress AP generation, activate HCN-like channels and reactivate Na⁺ and VGCC. The activity of HCN-like channels increases, the membrane slowly depolarizes and reaches the threshold potential. The generation of tonic APs begins, and then, the Ca²⁺ channels opens, and Ca²⁺ potential and Ca²⁺ signal induced again. Thus, the Ca²⁺-channels, is determining the pulse of slow depolarization, control the frequency and the amplitude of APs during SSA, regulating the activation and inactivation conditions of Na⁺ channels. The T-type channels inhibitors reduce the duration of burst firing and Ca²⁺ impulse in neurons in vitro, stimulating their survival during hyperexcitation and ischemia. Thus, reducing the Ca²⁺ pulse duration caused by the inhibitors of T-type Ca²⁺-channels, can be one of the reasons for the known neuroprotective effect of these compounds.

Teplov I.Y., Tuleukhanov S.T., Zinchenko V.P. Regulation of Action Potential Frequency and Amplitude by T-type Ca2+ Channel During Spontaneous Synchronous Activity of Hippocampal Neurons// Biophysics,-2018, vol 63,№4.- pp. 566-575.

163

The effectiveness of knowledge acquisition for students using innovative methods of teaching biology

https://www.jpsr.pharmainfo.in/Documents/Volumes/vol10Issue02/jpsr10021843.pdf

The significant part of the plans to introduce innovative methods of teaching biology does not reach practical implementation. This is primarily due to the lack of elaboration of the proposed innovative methods in the Kazakh schools. Also, it is not known how the introduction of innovative methods will affect on the effectiveness of mastering the taught material by students. This study makes it possible to assess the effectiveness of the assimilation of the taught material by the pupils of the 10th grade by using innovative methods of teaching biology compared to traditional methods of teaching biology that are already used to teach students of biology in the school. The use of innovative methods of teaching biology expands the range of opportunities for teachers and students for individual and group development. The results of this study clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of innovative methods in comparison with traditional methods

Abdrassulova Z.T., Ashirova Z.B., Issayev G.I., Tuleukhanov S.T., Ursheeva B.I., Omirbek N.A. The effectiveness of knowledge acquisition for students using innovative methods of teaching biology.//Journal of pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. – 2018.-vol.10, №2.-p.416-419.

164

Epileptiform activity promotes decreasing of Ca2+ conductivity of NMDARs, AMPARs, KARs, and voltage-gated calcium channels in Mg2+-free model

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.106224

NMDA, AMPA, and kainate receptors are the principal excitatory receptors in the brain. These receptors have been considered as the main targets in the treatment of epilepsy in recent years. This work aimed to determine how the Ca²⁺ conductivity of ionotropic glutamate receptors and voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels changes in an in vitro model of epilepsy. For induction of epileptiform activity, hippocampal neurons were exposed to Mg²⁺-free medium. It has been shown that removal of Mg²⁺ from the medium not only removes the block from the NMDA receptors but also stimulates the release of glutamate in a way that is independent of the NMDA receptors. Under these conditions, the structure of the bursts significantly differs from the spontaneous bursts arising in mature hippocampal cultures. We have demonstrated that the frequency and amplitude of Mg²⁺-free medium-induced Ca²⁺ oscillations decrease after the 60-min exposure. Besides, the Ca²⁺ conductivity of ionotropic glutamate receptors and voltage-gated calcium channels significantly reduces. Thus, the decrease of Ca²⁺ conductivity can be considered as one of the mechanisms of adaptation during epilepsy.

Kosenkov A., Gaidin S., Zinchenko V., Teplov I., Tuleukhanov S. Epileptiform activity promotes decreasing of Ca2+ conductivity of NMDARs, AMPARs, KARs, and voltage-gated calcium channels in Mg2+-free model. // Epilepsy Research. – 2019. - Volume 158. – Р. 161-167. Q2, IF 2,178

165

Visualization, Properties, and Functions of GABAergic Hippocampal Neurons Containing Calcium-Permeable Kainate and AMPA Receptors

DOI: 10.1134/S1990747820010109

Calcium-permeable kainate (CP-KARs) and AMPA (CP-AMPARs) receptors of the brain neurons are active participants of synaptic plasticity and neurotransmitter release trigger. In this paper, CP-KARs and CP-AMPARs were identified in hippocampal neuroglial culture on 14-17 day of cultivation by a characteristic Ca 2+ response to a selective agonist of CP-KARs and CP-AMPARs, domoic acid (DA), and to a selective agonist of CP-KARs, ATPA. It was shown that DA at a concentration of 300 nM caused a rapid intracellular Ca 2+ concentration increase in two minor subpopulations of neurons. Both subpopulations were found to be GABAergic neurons that were positively stained with antibodies against glutamate decarboxylase 65 and 67 (GAD65/67). The antagonist of CP-AMPARs, NASPM, did not suppress Ca 2+ response to DA in the neurons of the first subpopu-lation. The selective agonist of CP-KARs, ATPA, increased [Ca 2+ ] i to the same extent as DA only in the first sub-population of GABAergic neurons. An inhibitor of GABA(A) receptors, bicuculline, did not increase the amplitude of Ca 2+ response to DA in this subpopulation, indicating the absence of CP-KARs in the postsynaptic membrane , where GABA(A) receptors are located. Thus, these GABAergic neurons can be attributed to neurons containing CP-KARs, which are apparently located in the presynaptic membrane of the GABAergic neurons. The [Ca 2+ ] i increase caused by the DA application in the second subpopulation was completely suppressed by NASPM, an inhibitor of CP-AMPARs. NASPM reduced the Ca 2+ oscillations amplitude in the same subset, indicating the involvement of CP-AMPARs in the Ca 2+ impulse formation during synchronous calcium activity. For this reason, the neurons of this subpopulation can be attributed to the GABAergic neurons containing CP-AMPARs. Most of the neurons in the hippocampal cell culture (70-85%) were not stained with antibodies against GAD65/67 and responded to the DA by increasing the calcium oscillations frequency with a delay. The amplitude of DA-induced oscillations increased in the presence of NASPM in the subpopulation of inhibitory neurons containing CP-KARs, indicating their innervation by inhibitory neurons containing CP-AMRARs. This increase in the Ca 2+ oscillation amplitude in the inhibitory neurons containing CP-KARs correlated with a decrease in the amplitude of synchronous calcium activity in a large subpopulation (42 ± 6% of cells) of glutamatergic neurons, suggesting innervation of the latter by inhibitory neurons containing CP-KARs. Thus, GABAergic neurons containing CP-KARs and CP-AMPARs can work in tandem, controlling the activity of individual subpopulations of neurons.

Zinchenko, V.P., Gaidin, S.G., Teplov, I.Y., Dolgacheva, L.P., Tuleuhanov, S.T. Visualization, Properties, and Functions of GABAergic Hippocampal Neurons Containing Calcium-Permeable Kainate and AMPA Receptors //            Biological Membrane. – 2020. Vol. 14(1). – P. 44-53.

166

Participation of Ca2+-Permeable AMPA Receptors in Synaptic Plasticity

DOI: 10.1134/S1990747820030046

AMPA receptors are the key molecules of excitatory and inhibitory synapses and are involved in synaptic plasticity. Cognitive functions of the brain such as signal perception, processing and analysis of information, memory, storage and exchange of information are reduced when the processes controlling the assembly of AMPA receptors, membrane trafficking and synapse-specific expression are impaired. The content of the receptors in synapses is regulated by exocytosis, endocytosis, and receptor recycling. Auxiliary subunits and partners modulate the function of AMPA receptors. Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPAR) not containing the GluA2 subunit are involved in multiple forms of the synaptic plasticity, including longterm potentiation and depression, and play an important role in maintaining the correct balance between excitation and inhibition in the brain. The activation of CP-AMPAR in neurons provides a fast postsynaptic Ca2+ entry, which triggers the processes modifying synaptic functions through the interaction with other Ca2+-transporting systems. The purpose of this review is to draw the attention of researchers to recent advances in the participation of CP-AMPA receptors in synaptic plasticity.

Dolgacheva L.P., Tuleukhanov S.T., Zinchenko V.P. Participation of Ca2+-Permeable AMPA Receptors in Synaptic Plasticity. Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series A: Membrane and Cell Biology, 2020, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 194–204.

167

The plant –derived polyphenol carnosic acid arrests carcer cells growth via alteration of mitochondria metabolism

• ·         DOI: 

There is a growing interest in anti-cancer properties of plant-derived compounds. Many of them are anti-oxidants that are capable of altering cancer metabolism [1]. The effects of most compounds are non-specific and therefore high doses with pronounced anti-proliferative activities would be anti-tumor efficient as well as harmful for non-tumor tissues. We studied the mechanisms of cytotoxicity of carnosic acid, the polyphenolic diterpene derived from rosemary [2], on prostate cancer cells DU145, PC-3 and prostate normal cells PrEC. Earlier we demonstrated that prostate cancer cells acquire metabolically highly active mitochondria with elevated rates of respiratory complexes and higher levels of mitochondria membrane potential and calcium retention capacity [3]. Therefore, in such oxidative types of tumor the treatment strategy has to be directed towards turning mitochondria oxidative phosphorilation off. It was demonstrated that the growth arrest caused by this polyphenol does not limit to its protonophoric activity but also depends on alteration of mitochondria housing cell cycle regulating proteins. Targeting cancer metabolism with the proposed polyphenolic compound represents a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance and tumor sensitization in cancer therapy.

Osicbayeva S. Danilenko M. Orynbayeva Z. The plant –derived polyphenol carnosic acid arrests carcer cells growth via alteration of mitochondria metabolism 19 th European Bioenergetics Conference. Riva del Garda. July 2-7.-2016. (IF -3, 438) p.112.

168

Curcumin and Carnosic Acid Cooperate to Inhibit Proliferation and Alter Mitochondrial Function of Metastatic Prostate Cancer Cells.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10101591

Anticancer activities of plant polyphenols have been demonstrated in various models of neoplasia. However, evidence obtained in numerous in vitro studies indicates that proliferation arrest and/or killing of cancer cells require quite high micromolar concentrations of polyphenols that are difficult to reach in vivo and can also be (geno)toxic to at least some types of normal cells. The ability of certain polyphenols to synergize with one another at low concentrations can be used as a promising strategy to effectively treat human malignancies. We have recently reported that curcumin and carnosic acid applied at non-cytotoxic concentrations synergistically cooperate to induce massive apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells, but not in normal hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells, via sustained cytosolic calcium overload. Here, we show that the two polyphenols can also synergistically suppress the growth of DU145 and PC-3 metastatic prostate cancer cell cultures. However, instead of cell killing, the combined treatment induced a marked inhibition of cell proliferation associated with G₀/G₁ cell cycle arrest. This was preceded by transient elevation of cytosolic calcium levels and prolonged dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, without generating oxidative stress, and was associated with defective oxidative phosphorylation encompassing mitochondrial dysfunction. The above effects were concomitant with a significant downregulation of mRNA and protein expression of the oncogenic kinase SGK1, the mitochondria-hosted mTOR component. In addition, a moderate decrease in SGK1 phosphorylation at Ser422 was observed in polyphenol-treated cells. The mTOR inhibitor rapamycin produced a similar reduction in SGK1 mRNA and protein levels as well as phosphorylation. Collectively, our findings suggest that the combination of curcumin and carnosic acid at potentially bioavailable concentrations may effectively target different types of cancer cells by distinct modes of action. This and similar combinations merit further exploration as an anticancer modality.

Keywords: OxPhos; SGK1; carnosic acid; cell cycle; curcumin; prostate cancer.

Ossikbayeva, S., Khanin, M., Sharoni, Y., Trachtenberg, A., Tuleukhanov, S., Sensenig, R., Rom, S., Danilenko, M., & Orynbayeva, Z. (2021). Curcumin and Carnosic Acid Cooperate to Inhibit Proliferation and Alter Mitochondrial Function of Metastatic Prostate Cancer Cells. // Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 10(10), 1591. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10101591

169

Electrodeposition of polymer electrolyte in nanostructured electrodes for enhanced electrochemical performance of thin-film Li-ion microbatteries            

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.11.078            

(IF=7,467; Q1 in Chemistry, Physical).

ABSTRACT :

We report that electrodeposition of polymer electrolyte in nanostructured electrodes has a strong influence on the electrochemical properties of thin-film Li-ion microbatteries. Electropolymerization of PMMA-PEG (polymethyl methacrylate-polyethylene glycol) was carried out on both the anode (self-supported titania nanotubes) and the cathode (porous LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄) by cyclic voltammetry and the resulting electrode-electrolyte interface was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical characterizations performed by galvanostatic experiments reveal that the capacity values obtained at different C-rates are doubled when the electrodes are completely filled by the polymer electrolyte.

Salian, G.D., Lebouin, C., Demoulin, A., Lepihin, M.S., Maria, S., Galeyeva, A.K., Kurbatov, A.P., Djenizian, T.

Electrodeposition of polymer electrolyte in nanostructured electrodes for enhanced electrochemical performance of thin-film Li-ion microbatteries. //Journal of Power Sources. – 2017. – Vol.340. – P.242-236

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.11.078            

170

Systematic Analysis of Combined Antioxidant and Membrane-Stabilizing Properties of Several Lamiaceae Family Kazakhstani Plants for Potential Production of Tea Beverages

https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10040666

One of the most important compounds that exhibit a wide range of biological activities with especially strong antioxidant action are plant polyphenols. In the course of the experiment, the dose-dependent effects of polyphenols-rich extracts isolated from the Lamiaceae family Kazakhstani plants were studied on the processes of lipid peroxidation and on the degree of erythrocytes hemolysis. The activity of aqueous-ethanolic extracts from dried parts of plants, such as Origanum vulgare, Ziziphora bungeana, Dracocephalum integrifolium, Mentha piperita, Leonurus turkestanicus, Thymus serpyllum, and Salvia officinalis, was studied in a Wistar rat model. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver microsomes was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde content in the form of thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS). Estimation of osmotic resistance of isolated erythrocytes was evaluated based on hemoglobin absorbance. The amount of total phenolics in the extracts was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method. Based on the results, Thymus serpyllum extract exhibited a significantly higher antioxidant activity (IC50 = 3.3 ± 0.7) compared to other plant extracts. Accordingly, among the extracts studied, those from Salvia officinalis, Thymus serpyllum, and Origanum vulgare show the most pronounced membrane-stabilizing activity. Antioxidant and antihemolytic properties of green tea and Origanum vulgare extract mixtures were similar to that of each individual plant extract. Similar results were obtained when the green tea extract was mixed with Mentha piperita, Ziziphora bungeana, and Dracocephalum integrifolium extracts, indicating no discernible synergistic interaction.

Ydyrys, A., Zhaparkulova, N., Aralbaeva, A., Mamataeva, A., Seilkhan, A., Syraiyl, S., Murzakhmetova, M. Systematic analysis of combined antioxidant and membrane-stabilizing properties of several lamiaceae family Kazakhstani plants for potential production of tea beverages. Plants 2021, 10(4), 666; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10040666

     171.      

Bioactive compounds and antiradical activity of the rosa canina l. Leaf and twig extracts

https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10121897

It is important to search for new sources of bioactive, natural compounds, because customers are paying more attention to food quality. Fruits and berries from horticultural plants are known to be good sources of agents beneficial for human well-being and could serve as natural preservatives in the food industry. However, more recent research indicates that other plant organs can also be rich in nutrients. Our study focused on characterizing an unexplored source, namely leaf and twig extracts from Rosa canina. The chemical composition of these extracts was analyzed and their in vitro activity measured. HPLC analysis of the content of phenolics, vitamins and amino acids revealed that the leaf and twig extracts were found to be rich in bioactive compounds with potent antioxidant properties. The greatest differences between bioactive phenolic compounds in leaf and twig extracts related mainly to p-coumaric acid, myricetin, ellagic acid, cyanidin, procyanidin and quercetin, whereas salicylic acid levels were similar in both types of extract. Interactions with human serum albumin were investigated, and some conformational changes in protein structure were observed. Further analysis (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, thiol group oxidation, DPPH inhibition and ROS inhibition) confirmed that both leaf and twig extracts exhibited antioxidant and antiradical scavenging activities. Cytotoxicity and hemotoxicity assays confirmed very low toxicity of the extracts towards human cells over the range of concentrations tested. Our results indicate that both extracts could serve as non-toxic sources of bioactive compounds with antiradical properties

Kubczak, M., Khassenova, A.B., Skalski, B., Michlewska, S., Wielanek, M., Aralbayeva, A.N., Murzakhmetova, M.K., Zamaraeva, M., Skłodowska, M., Bryszewska, M., Ionov, M. Bioactive compounds and antiradical activity of the rosa canina l. Leaf and twig extracts // Agronomy 2020, 10(12), 1897

     172.      

Effects of Almaty city ecological factors on students blood indices

DOI:10.1051/e3sconf/202016904005

This research gives an insight into the main features of the cardiovascular system’s statistical and dynamic, as well as young local and foreign citizens in Almaty city adaptation indices. 1500 analysis of blood indices was carried out before and after the physical workload. Hematological research were carried out based on N. M. Mykolayiv method and included the erythrocytes and leukocytes count in peripheral blood vessel and absolute number of lymphocytes . Foreign students’ absolute amount of leukocytes and erythrocytes in the peripheral blood vessels and the phagocytic activity of neutrophil were different from local students’ indices.

Baidaulet, T., Ydyrys, A., Imanaliyeva, M., Askarova, Z., Srailova, G., Murzakhmetova, M., Tuleukhanov, S. Effects of Almaty city ecological factors on students blood indices // E3S Web of Conferences

169, с.

     173.      

A composition of medicinal plants with an enhanced ability to suppress microsomal lipid peroxidation and a protective activity against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity

• ·         DOI: 

Treatment of liver injury induced by various toxicants represents a serious clinical challenge. Here, we utilized the ability of natural agents to inhibit microsomal lipid peroxidation (LPO) as the in-vitro screening paradigm for selecting efficacious tissue-protective combinations of cooperatively acting medicinal plants. Based on screening of 70 water-ethanol extracts obtained from different parts of 65 plants we prepared a highly active phytocomposition (PC-1) containing oregano (Origanum vulgare), wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum) and coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) aerial parts, valerian (Valeriana officinalis) leaves and little-leaf linden (Tilia cordata) flowers. PC-1 extract exhibited the strongest anti-PLO and antihemolytic effects in vitro compared to those of the individual plants and other compositions tested. Using luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting in HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, we found that PC-1 extract activated the Nrf2/antioxidant response element signaling pathway more effectively than the extracts of other phytocompositions. Importantly, oral administration of PC-1 extract (100-200 mg/kg) markedly ameliorated liver injury in rats acutely or chronically intoxicated by carbon tetrachloride. This was evidenced by improved liver histology, blood chemistry parameters, and microsomal LPO status and superoxide dismutase activity. In addition, treatment with PC-1 extract salvaged the osmotic resistance of erythrocytes in carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated rats. Collectively, these data support the strategy of in-vitro plant selection for developing efficacious tissue-protective phytocompositions.

Aralbaeva, A.N., Mamataeva, A.T., Zhaparkulova, N.I., Utegalieva, R.S., Khanin, M., Danilenko, M., Murzakhmetova, M.K. A composition of medicinal plants with an enhanced ability to suppress microsomal lipid peroxidation and a protective activity against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity // Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy. 2017.

96, с. 1283-1291

PMID: 29169731 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.085

     174.      

Cooperative antiproliferative and differentiation-enhancing activity of medicinal plant extracts in acute myeloid leukemia cells

• ·        

Treatment of liver injury induced by various toxicants represents a serious clinical challenge. Here, we utilized the ability of natural agents to inhibit microsomal lipid peroxidation (LPO) as the in-vitro screening paradigm for selecting efficacious tissue-protective combinations of cooperatively acting medicinal plants. Based on screening of 70 water-ethanol extracts obtained from different parts of 65 plants we prepared a highly active phytocomposition (PC-1) containing oregano (Origanum vulgare), wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum) and coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) aerial parts, valerian (Valeriana officinalis) leaves and little-leaf linden (Tilia cordata) flowers. PC-1 extract exhibited the strongest anti-PLO and antihemolytic effects in vitro compared to those of the individual plants and other compositions tested. Using luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting in HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, we found that PC-1 extract activated the Nrf2/antioxidant response element signaling pathway more effectively than the extracts of other phytocompositions. Importantly, oral administration of PC-1 extract (100–200 mg/kg) markedly ameliorated liver injury in rats acutely or chronically intoxicated by carbon tetrachloride. This was evidenced by improved liver histology, blood chemistry parameters, and microsomal LPO status and superoxide dismutase activity. In addition, treatment with PC-1 extract salvaged the osmotic resistance of erythrocytes in carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated rats. Collectively, these data support the strategy of in-vitro plant selection for developing efficacious tissue-protective phytocompositions.

Zhamanbayeva, G.T., Aralbayeva, A.N., Murzakhmetova, M.K., Tuleukhanov, S.T., Danilenko, M. Cooperative antiproliferative and differentiation-enhancing activity of medicinal plant extracts in acute myeloid leukemia cells // Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy. 2016. с. 80-89

     175.      

Antioxidant activity of breads

• ·         ISSN:0975-8585

The antioxidant   activity of the   main raw material   technology of grain mill   productsreviewed. Shows a comparison the antioxidant activity of grain mill productsin traditional and new technologies.

Murzahmetova, M.K., Tayeva, A.M., Baimaganbetova, G.B., Nabiyeva, Z.S., Kizatova, M.Z., Kulazhanov, K.S., Vitavskaya, A.V. Antioxidant activity of breads // Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2015.

6, с. 1020-1025. ISSN:0975-8585

     176.      

Antitumor Activity of Ethanol Extract from Hippophae Rhamnoides L. Leaves towards Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells In Vitro

• ·        

We studied the effects of ethanol extract from Hippophae rhamnoides L. leaves on the growth and differentiation of human acute myeloid leukemia cells (KG-1a, HL60, and U937). The extract of Hippophae rhamnoides L. leaves inhibited cell growth depending on the cell strain and extract dose. In a high concentration (100 μg/ml), the extract also exhibited a cytotoxic effect on HL60 cells. Hippophae rhamnoides L. leaves extract did not affect cell differentiation and did not modify the differentiating effect of calcitriol, active vitamin D metabolite. Inhibition of cell proliferation was paralleled by paradoxical accumulation of phase S cells (synthetic phase) with a reciprocal decrease in the count of G1 cells (presynthetic phase). The extract in a concentration of 100 μg/ml induced the appearance of cells with a subdiploid DNA content (sub-G1 phase cells), which indicated induction of apoptosis. The antiproliferative effect of Hippophae rhamnoides L. extract on acute myeloid leukemia cells was at least partially determined by activation of the S phase checkpoint, which probably led to deceleration of the cell cycle and apoptosis induction.

Zhamanbaeva, G.T., Murzakhmetova, M.K., Tuleukhanov, S.T., Danilenko, M.P. Antitumor Activity of Ethanol Extract from Hippophae Rhamnoides L. Leaves towards Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells In Vitro // Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 2014.

158, с. 252-255

DOI 10.1007/s10517-014-2734-3

     177.      

Antioxidant and prooxidant properties of a polyphenol-rich extract from Geranium sanguineum L. in vitro and in vivo

• ·        

A polyphenol-rich extract from Geranium sanguineum L. (PC) protected biological membranes due to its antioxidant capacity. PC caused a dose-dependent decrease of the osmotic hemolysis of human erythrocytes and increased their resistance against the toxic effect of H(2)O(2); no effect on catalase activity was observed. While PC reduced the accumulation of TBA-reactive products in rat liver microsomes in inducible lipid peroxidation (LPO), the non-induced LPO was not affected. Further the effect of PC on the products of LPO was investigated in the lungs, livers and sera of intact and influenza virus-infected mice (VIM). The infection enhanced LPO in the lungs and livers. In the group of PC-treated VIM, malondialdehyde (MDA) in the lungs and livers was brought to control levels. PC-treatment caused a significant increase of MDA in the lungs of intact mice, a slight one in the livers and did not affect MDA in the sera. Thus the extract exhibited prooxidant characteristics in intact animals as well as antioxidant properties in VIM. The reducing ability of PC on LPO could be an alternative mechanism of its protective effect in experimental influenza infection.

Murzakhmetova, M., Moldakarimov, S., Tancheva, L., Abarova, S., Serkedjieva, J. Antioxidant and prooxidant properties of a polyphenol-rich extract from Geranium sanguineum L. in vitro and in vivo // Phytotherapy Research. 2008. 22, с. 746-751

     178.      

Alamethicin as a permeabilizing agent for measurements of Ca²⁺-dependent ATPase activity in proteoliposomes, sealed membrane vesicles, and whole cells

• ·        

The channel-forming antibiotic peptide alamethicin was used in measurements of Ca-ATPase activity in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles, proteoliposomes containing Ca(2+)-ATPase from SR, and native human platelets. Alamethicin was used as a permeabilizing agent providing for a free access of the whole cells or sealed vesicles interiors for ions, ATP, and other reactants. The experiments were carried out with the use of alamethicin preparations obtained in our laboratory and that purchased from the Upjohn Company (antibiotic U-22,324). A comparative study of the effects of Ca(2+)-ionophore A23187 and alamethicin was performed on native SR vesicles containing Ca(2+)-ATPase molecules with right orientation and SR vesicles treated with cholate in order to randomize Ca(2+)-ATPase molecules orientation in the membrane. It was found out that alamethicin, like A-23187, prevents the ATP-dependent Ca2+ accumulation by the vesicles and therefore activates the Ca(2+)-ATPase. Maximal specific activities of the Ca(2+)-ATPase in native SR vesicles in the presence of either alamethicin, or A23187, or both of them, are equal in all cases to 20 activity units (mumol Pi per min per mg protein). The operative range of alamethicin concentrations is 5-25 micrograms/ml and is a little wider than that for A23187. The ATPase activity of the SR vesicles treated with cholate reached 20 units in the presence of alamethicin while in the presence of A23187 it was only 10 units. These data suggest that alamethicin unlike A23187 allows ATP to reach the ATPase's active centers from the inside of the SR vesicles with 'randomized' membranes, the ATP transport through the membrane not being the rate-limiting stage of ATP hydrolysis. It was shown that diffusion flux of ATP through a BLM in the presence of alamethicin may reach 10% of the flux through the hole without the BLM. With the use of alamethicin it was found out that the quality of randomization of the ATPase molecules orientation in the membrane depends on the proteoliposome preparation technique. The ATP transport through the alamethicin pores makes possible the use of alamethicin in accurate measurements of Ca(2+)-ATPase activity in whole cells. A method was developed for determination of the activity of human platelets was found to be 90-100 nmol Pi per min per mg protein.

Ritov, V.B., Murzakhmetova, M.K., Tverdislova, I.L., Menshikova, E.V., Butylin, A.A., Avakian, T.Y., Yakovenko, L.V. Alamethicin as a permeabilizing agent for measurements of Ca²⁺-dependent ATPase activity in proteoliposomes, sealed membrane vesicles, and whole cells // BBA - Biomembranes. 1993. 1148, с. 257-262

DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(93)90137-o

     179.      

Cooperative antiproliferative and differentiation-enhancing activity of medicinal plant extracts in acute myeloid leukemia cells

• ·        

Treatment of liver injury induced by various toxicants represents a serious clinical challenge. Here, we utilized the ability of natural agents to inhibit microsomal lipid peroxidation (LPO) as the in-vitro screening paradigm for selecting efficacious tissue-protective combinations of cooperatively acting medicinal plants. Based on screening of 70 water-ethanol extracts obtained from different parts of 65 plants we prepared a highly active phytocomposition (PC-1) containing oregano (Origanum vulgare), wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum) and coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) aerial parts, valerian (Valeriana officinalis) leaves and little-leaf linden (Tilia cordata) flowers. PC-1 extract exhibited the strongest anti-PLO and antihemolytic effects in vitro compared to those of the individual plants and other compositions tested. Using luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting in HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, we found that PC-1 extract activated the Nrf2/antioxidant response element signaling pathway more effectively than the extracts of other phytocompositions. Importantly, oral administration of PC-1 extract (100–200 mg/kg) markedly ameliorated liver injury in rats acutely or chronically intoxicated by carbon tetrachloride. This was evidenced by improved liver histology, blood chemistry parameters, and microsomal LPO status and superoxide dismutase activity. In addition, treatment with PC-1 extract salvaged the osmotic resistance of erythrocytes in carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated rats. Collectively, these data support the strategy of in-vitro plant selection for developing efficacious tissue-protective phytocompositions.

Zhamanbayeva, G.T., Aralbayeva, A.N., Murzakhmetova, M.K., Tuleukhanov, S.T., Danilenko, M. Cooperative antiproliferative and differentiation-enhancing activity of medicinal plant extracts in acute myeloid leukemia cells // Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy. 2016. с. 80-89

     180.      

Antitumor Activity of Ethanol Extract from Hippophae Rhamnoides L. Leaves towards Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells In Vitro

• ·        

We studied the effects of ethanol extract from Hippophae rhamnoides L. leaves on the growth and differentiation of human acute myeloid leukemia cells (KG-1a, HL60, and U937). The extract of Hippophae rhamnoides L. leaves inhibited cell growth depending on the cell strain and extract dose. In a high concentration (100 μg/ml), the extract also exhibited a cytotoxic effect on HL60 cells. Hippophae rhamnoides L. leaves extract did not affect cell differentiation and did not modify the differentiating effect of calcitriol, active vitamin D metabolite. Inhibition of cell proliferation was paralleled by paradoxical accumulation of phase S cells (synthetic phase) with a reciprocal decrease in the count of G1 cells (presynthetic phase). The extract in a concentration of 100 μg/ml induced the appearance of cells with a subdiploid DNA content (sub-G1 phase cells), which indicated induction of apoptosis. The antiproliferative effect of Hippophae rhamnoides L. extract on acute myeloid leukemia cells was at least partially determined by activation of the S phase checkpoint, which probably led to deceleration of the cell cycle and apoptosis induction.

Zhamanbaeva, G.T., Murzakhmetova, M.K., Tuleukhanov, S.T., Danilenko, M.P. Antitumor Activity of Ethanol Extract from Hippophae Rhamnoides L. Leaves towards Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells In Vitro // Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 2014.

158, с. 252-255

DOI 10.1007/s10517-014-2734-3

     181.      

EEG Coherence Metrics for Vigilance: Sensitivity to Workload, Time-on-Task, and Individual Differences

• ·        

The vigilance decrement in performance is a significant operational issue in various applied settings. Psychophysiological methods for diagnostic monitoring of vigilance have focused on power spectral density measures from the electroencephalogram (EEG). This article addresses the diagnosticity of an alternative set of EEG measures, coherence between different electrode sites. Coherence metrics may index the functional connectivity between brain regions that supports sustained attention. Coherence was calculated for seven pre-defined brain networks. Workload and time-on-task factors primarily influenced alpha and theta coherence in anterior, central, and inter-hemispheric networks. Individual differences in coherence in inter-hemispheric, left intro-hemispheric and posterior networks correlated with performance. These findings demonstrate the potential applied utility of coherence metrics, although several methodological limitations and challenges must be overcome.

Kamzanova, A., Matthews, G. & Kustubayeva, A. EEG Coherence Metrics for Vigilance: Sensitivity to Workload, Time-on-Task, and Individual Differences. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 45, 183–194 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-020-09461-4

     182.      

Major Depression and Brain Asymmetry in a Decision-Making Task with Negative and Positive Feedback

https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12122118

• ·        

Depressed patients are characterized by hypoactivity of the left and hyperactivity of the right frontal areas during the resting state. Depression is also associated with impaired decision-making, which reflects multiple cognitive, affective, and attentional processes, some of which may be lateralized. The aim of this study was to investigate brain asymmetry during a decision-making task performed in negative and positive feedback conditions in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in comparison to healthy control participants. The electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded from 60 MDD patients and 60 healthy participants while performing a multi-stage decision-making task. Frontal, central, and parietal alpha asymmetry were analyzed with EEGlab/ERPlab software. Evoked potential responses (ERPs) showed general lateralization suggestive of an initial right dominance developing into a more complex pattern of asymmetry across different scalp areas as information was processed. The MDD group showed impaired mood prior to performance, and decreased confidence during performance in comparison to the control group. The resting state frontal alpha asymmetry showed lateralization in the healthy group only. Task-induced alpha power and ERP P100 and P300 amplitudes were more informative biomarkers of depression during decision making. Asymmetry coefficients based on task alpha power and ERP amplitudes showed consistency in the dynamical changes during the decision-making stages. Depression was characterized by a lack of left dominance during the resting state and left hypoactivity during the task baseline and subsequent decision-making process. Findings add to understanding of the functional significance of lateralized brain processes in depression.

Kustubayeva, A., Kamzanova, A., Kudaibergenova, S., Pivkina, V., Matthews, G. Major depression and brain asymmetry in a decision-making task with negative and positive feedback.

Symmetry, 2020, 12(12), стр. 1–25, 2118 https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12122118

     183.      

Increase of Healthy Food Quality among the Kazakhstan Population

DOI:10.6000/1927-5951.2018.08.03.10

(Q3 in Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics).

• ·          

ABSTRACT :

At present, one of the most important urgent issues is the study of healthy nutrition of the population of Kazakhstan. Proper nutrition ensures the growth and development of children, contributes to the prevention of diseases, increase the capacity for work and prolong the life of people, while creating conditions for adequate adaptation to the environment.

Most of the population of Kazakhstan because of technological processing, the use of inadequate food raw materials, influence of other causes, does not receive the necessary amount of essential components of food, which lead to illnesses, premature aging and shortening of life.

The situation aggravates by the low cultural level of the population in matters of rational nutrition and the lack of skills for healthy lifestyles.

In this regard, the main task in the work was to study methods of improving the health and quality of life of the population of Kazakhstan, especially those living in zones of environmental problems and contacting with harmful factors.

Z. Yessimsiitova, N. Ablaikhanova, S. Sagyndykova, G. Tussupbekova, M. Kulbayeva, G. Atanbayeva, M. Aitzhan 

Bissenbayeva Z. Increase of Healthy Food Quality among the Kazakhstan Population//Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2018, 8(3),  - Pages 150–153. – Article. DOI:10.6000/1927-5951.2018.08.03.10

     184.      

Efficacy of Application of Dietary Supplements in Acute Intoxication

DOI: 120.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.04.5

(Q3 in Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics).

• ·          

ABSTRACT :

The effectiveness of BAA balsam “Revival plus” as a means of pharmacological correction of neurotoxic and hepatotoxic lesions as consequences of acute ethanol poisoning was evaluated. It has been established that in the conditions of acute severe intoxication ethanol BAA balsam “Revival plus” has pharmacological efficacy in terms of survival keeping temperature and frequency of respiratory movements in poisoned rats with a therapeutic and prophylactic scheme of their use. Value of the work consists in the experimental substantiation of the possibility of using BAA balsam “Revival plus” as a promising means of treatment of acute extremely severe ethanol poisoning.

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the efficacy of application of dietary supplements in acute intoxication, to depict the effectiveness of balsam during the intoxication, and from scientific purpose to prove the significance of this supplement.

The obtained data testify to the effectiveness of the use of bio additives in ethanol poisoning and possible mechanisms for the implementation of the hepatic protective effect of the BAA balsam “Revival Plus” under various life-threatening conditions.

The purpose of this research is evaluation of the experimental effectiveness of BAA balsam “Revival Plus” for ethanol poisoning.

To achieve this goal the following tasks are set:

To reveal the features of the histological structure of the liver of control and experimental rats of the second group with ethanol poisoning;

To study the morphological changes in the liver of rats of the third group with ethanol poisoning against the background of the use of BAA balsam “Revival plus”;

To study the peculiarities of the action of the BAA balsam “Revival plus” on the biochemical parameters of the blood of rats.

Questions about the interaction of dietary supplements and alcoholic beverages are regularly being raised by both researchers and ordinary consumers. In most cases talk about the dangers of dietary supplements for a person who often drinks alcoholic beverages is not necessary.

Z.B. Yessimsiitova, Saparov Kuandyk, Y. Sinyavskiy, G. Tussupbekova, N. Ablaikhanova, A. Kozhamzarova,

Ablaikhanova Nurzat, Ussenova Gauhar, Turlybekov Murat.   Efficacy of Application of Dietary Supplements in Acute Intoxication //Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2019, 9(4), - Pages 229–232. – Article. DOI: 120.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.04.5

     185.      

The Study of Hematological Parameters of Animals in the Application of Enterosorbent Food Fiber

DOI: 120.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.04.4

(Q3 in Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics).

• ·          

ABSTRACT :

One of the most important issues is the study of healthy nutrition of the population of Kazakhstan. Proper nutrition provides growth, contributes to the prevention of diseases, increase efficiency and prolong life of people, while creating conditions for adequate adaptation to the environment. A large part of the population of Kazakhstan as a result of technological processing, the use of inferior in chemical composition of food raw materials, the influence of other causes, does not receive the necessary amount of essential components of food, which lead to illness, premature old age and shortened life. The situation is aggravated by the low cultural level of the population in terms of good nutrition and the lack of skills to lead a healthy lifestyle. The problem of quality and food safety, while food must have not only nutritional and physiological value, but also perform preventive functions.

G. Tussupbekova, Z. Yessimsiitova,

N. Ablaikhanova, A. Rakhmetova, G. Alshynbekova, S. Tuleukhanov, Z. Zhussupbekova, G. Ashimhanova 

Y. Kuandykov. The Study of Hematological Parameters of Animals in the Application of Enterosorbent Food Fiber // Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2019, 9(4), - Pages 222-228. – Article. DOI:

120.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.04.4

     186.      

Conference Paper

Effect of the nanostructured carbon sorbent «Ingo-2» and cadmium chloride on limfodynamic and composition of lymph

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.602-604.273;

The effect of cadmium ions and nanostructured carbon sorbent on limfodynamic and composition of lymph was studies. The experiments showed that prolonged poisoning of rats with cadmium chloride (per os) causes changes of biochemical composition and physic-chemical parameters of lymph and blood plasma. The accumulation was marked by of cadmium ions in the lymph nodes, where their concentration is increased 5-7 times of the original level. Using n nanostructured carbon sorbent «Ingo-2» reduces substantially negative effect of cadmium on limfodynamic and indicators of lymph.

Tuleuhanov, S.T., Ablayhanova, N.T., Sharipova, S.A., Dinistanova, B.K., Mansurov, Z.A.

Advanced Materials Research, 2013, 602-604, стр. 273–277

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.602-604.273

     187.      

Prospects of applying of ingo-2 nanostructured carbon sorbent in cases of intoxication with heavy metals

DOI: 10.18321/ectj240

The active centers of the carbonization of carbon sorbents from vegetable raw materials (rice husks) were altered to purposefully modify the surface of the Ingo-2 nanostructured carbon sorbent. The study revealed a corrective effect of Ingo-2 on the organism of animals experiencing in chronic intoxication with heavy metals. Experimentally, morphological, digital and mathematical assessment of the condition of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract laboratory animals (white rats) in vivo revealed the influence of Ingo-2 on the deposition and the excretion of Cu++, Pb++ ions. This was confirmed by the absence of morphological changes in the experimental animals when administered in the diet over 17 days, with 5–10 g sorbent Ingo-2 used for the neutralization of 10 mg Pb(NO3)2 and Cu(NO3)2, which represents approximately 0.1 LD50 (Lethal Dose). The methodology of the research established positive effects of these treatment and its quantitative characteristics were defined.

Sharipova, S.A., Ablayhanova, N.T., Orazova, S.B., Tuleuhanov, S.T., Mansurov, Z.A.

Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal, 2013, 15(4), стр. 333–336

DOI: 10.18321/ectj240

     188.      

Phytochemical investigation of the roots of Rumex confertus W. grown in the culture

DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.26.07.13526

The Republic of Kazakhstan has rich plant resources but only a small portion is used medicine and economy. Currently over 30% of medicines made from plants and for the treatment of several diseases many herbal remedies are essential. According to forecasts of specialists XXI century will be a century of phytotherapy sparing treatment with herbs.

Tynybekov, B.M., Litvinenko, Y.A., Mukanova, G.A., Kuatbayev, A.T., Sharakhmetov, S.E., Ablayhanova N.T.

World Applied Sciences Journal, 2013, 26(7), стр. 941–944

DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.26.07.13526

     189.      

Water use efficiency of rice and soybean under

drip irrigation with mulch in the south-east of

kazakhstan

DOI: 10.15666/aeer/1504_15811603

Water saving was and remains an acute problem in places with water scarcity and

inaccessibility. In order to solve this problem, drip irrigation started to be used in many countries, and for

the first time, in Kazakhstan, there were used cultures that consume water sufficiently in large quantities

such as rice and soybean. Ways of irrigation have significant effect on elements of structure of a rice and

soybean crop. Drip irrigation with a two-row tape way of crops forms essentially distinct structure of a

rice crop in comparison with usual technology of cultivation of rice and soybean. Rice (Оryza sativa L.)

and soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.) crops were grown in 2013-2016 to determine effect of drip irrigation

in the different variants water levels on growth and productivity under conditions of the south-east of

Kazakhstan. In result of three years of researches on studying of rice and soybean drip irrigation

efficiency were made the following conclusions: Drip irrigation (Di) with application of the mulching

film promotes emergence of early and amicable shoots of rice and soybean, intensive growth and

development of plants, productivity increase. Drip irrigation with use of the mulching film at 8-10 times

reduces a contamination of crops of rice that allows to exclude application of manual use, mechanical and

chemical processing of crops. Use of the mulching film under rice drip irrigation promotes creation of the

favorable nitric mode of the soil with big accumulation of ammoniac and nitrate nitrogen and

mobilization of motile phosphorus. The best way of rice crops under drip irrigation is 2-row tape crops

with distance between tapes of 70 cm and a row-spacing in a tape of 30 cm. At the same time the drip

tape keeps within row-spacings in a tape. Comparison of the productivity of soybean varieties showed

that productivity in variants with mulch far exceeded variants without mulching.

Ospanbayev, Z.O., Kurmanbayeva, M.S., Abdukadirova, Z.A., Kenenbayev, S.B., Musina, A.S., Ablayhanova N.T.

Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 2017, 15(4), стр. 1581–1603

DOI: 10.15666/aeer/1504_15811603

     190.      

Effect of copper on physiological and biochemical peculiarities of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties

ISSN

05563321

The effect of different concentrations (0.25mM, 0.5mM) of Cu2+ on growth parameters were investigated in hydroponically grown five wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties (Kazakhstanskaya rannaya, Kazakhstanskaya-3, Melturn, Kaiyr and Shagala). Sensitive and tolerant wheat varieties were taken for other physiological and biochemical analysis: RWC, proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, photosynthetic pigments and peroxydase and superoxide dismutase activity. Wheat varieties exposed to 0.5mM Cu2+ exhibited significant growth reduction. The results showed that growth, physiological and biochemical parameters were significantly reduced at 0.5 mM Cu2+ compared to untreated control plants. Wheat varieties tolerant and sensitive to Cu2+ were identified. MDA content in tolerant variety was less as compared to varieties sensitive to copper. In tolerant variety photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, carotenoids) content was decreased to a less extent compared to sensitive varieties. The highest SOD and POD activity was observed at 0.5mM of copper.

Atabayeva, S., Nurmahanova, A., Asrandina, S., Meldebekova, A., Ablaikhanova, N.

Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2017, 49(6), стр. 2189–2196

ISSN 05563321

     191.      

Synthesis, morphostructure, surface chemistry and preclinical studies of nanoporous rice husk-derived biochars for gastrointestinal detoxification

DOI

10.18321/ectj678

his article summarizes the methodology of synthesis, surface functionalization and structural properties of rice husk-derived nanostructured carbon enterosorbents (biochars) in connection with the preliminary in vitro study results of uraemic toxin adsorption in model experiments, as well as preclinical trials in vivo. The obtained nanostructured carbon sorbents were studied using a number of modern physicochemical methods of investigation: low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, isotherms recording and calculation of the specific surface area, pore volumes were carried out using the Autosorb-1 "Quantachrome" device. Scanning electron microscopy and EDS-analysis. Mercury intrusion porosimetry analysis of the ACs were accomplished using "Quantachrome Poremaster" data analysis software. In vitro adsorption results assessed by use of HPLC and UV-spectroscopy for the nanostructured carbon sorbents with respect to the investigated low-molecule toxins suggest that the rice husks-derived carbon enterosorbents modified with the functional groups are able to reduce clinically significant levels of uraemic toxins and are comparable to the commercial enterosorbents. Based on the results of the comparative analysis for biocompatibility of canine kidney epithelial cells it was determined that the samples of the modified sorbents CRH-P-450 and CRH-475-KOH-850-N do not exhibit cytotoxicity in comparison with the commercial carbon enterosorbent «Adsorbix Extra». According to the results of the in vivo studies, it was determined that there was a positive effect of the enterosorbent CRH-P-450 on uremia and intoxication.

Jandosov, J.M., Mikhalovska, L.I., Howell, C.A., Tuleukhanov, S.T., Mikhalovsky, S.V., Ablayhanova N.T.

Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal, 2017, 19(4), стр. 303–313

DOI 10.18321/ectj678

     192.      

Increase of Healthy Food Quality among the Kazakhstan Population

DOI

10.6000/1927-5951.2018.08.03.10

At present, one of the most important urgent issues is the study of healthy nutrition of the population of Kazakhstan. Proper nutrition ensures the growth and development of children, contributes to the prevention of diseases, increase the capacity for work and prolong the life of people, while creating conditions for adequate adaptation to the environment. Most of the population of Kazakhstan because of technological processing, the use of inadequate food raw materials, influence of other causes, does not receive the necessary amount of essential components of food, which lead to illnesses, premature aging and shortening of life. The situation aggravates by the low cultural level of the population in matters of rational nutrition and the lack of skills for healthy lifestyles. In this regard, the main task in the work was to study methods of improving the health and quality of life of the population of Kazakhstan, especially those living in zones of environmental problems and contacting with harmful factors.

Yessimsiitova, Z., Ablaikhanova, N., Sagyndykova, S., Aitzhan, M., Bissenbayeva, Z. Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2018, 8(3), стр. 150–153

DOI

10.6000/1927-5951.2018.08.03.10

     193.      

Effect of cadmium on mineral composition of rice grain

DOI

10.31830/2348-7542.2018.0001.31

The use of phosphate fertilizers plays a significant role in cadmium (Cd) accumulation in the soil. In this regards the purpose of our work was to study the effect of Cd on content of mineral elements in the grain of rice varieties. Plants were grown in pots filled with soil, containing 2 mmol/kg of CdSO4. Cadmium was not found in rice grain. The content of mineral elements in grain of rice varieties is decreased in the following order (% of control): Mg–Bakanaskyi (98) > Madina (93) > Chapsari (86%) > Barakat (84); Mn–Bakanaskyi (85) > Chapsari (72) > Madina (71) > Barakat (64); Fe– Madina (89) > Bakanaskyi (72) > Chapsari (57) > Barakat (48); Zn–Madina (93) > Bakanaskyi (87) = Chapsari (87) > Barakat (85); Cu–Chapsari (90) > Bakanaskyi (89) > Madina (83) > Barakat (73). Cadmium decreased the content of necessary mineral elements in rice grain. Content of Mg and Mn decreased in the least degree in Bakanaskyi cv; Fe and Zn content – in Madina variety; Cu content – in Chapsari cv. Under cadmium stress content of mineral elements decreased in the greatest degree in Barakat and Chapsari cvs.

Atabayeva, S., Nurmahanova, A., Yernazarova, G., Tynybekov, B., Fei, L.U.I., Ablayhanova N.T.

Research on Crops, 2018, 19(4), стр. 569–575

DOI

10.31830/2348-7542.2018.0001.31

     194.      

The study of hematological parameters of animals in the application of enterosorbent food fiber

ISSN

22233806

One of the most important issues is the study of healthy nutrition of the population of Kazakhstan. Proper nutrition provides growth, contributes to the prevention of diseases, increase efficiency and prolong life of people, while creating conditions for adequate adaptation to the environment. A large part of the population of Kazakhstan as a result of technological processing, the use of inferior in chemical composition of food raw materials, the influence of other causes, does not receive the necessary amount of essential components of food, which lead to illness, premature old age and shortened life. The situation is aggravated by the low cultural level of the population in terms of good nutrition and the lack of skills to lead a healthy lifestyle. The problem of quality and food safety, while food must have not only nutritional and pysiological value, but also perform preventive functions.

Tussupbekova, G., Yessimsiitova, Z., Ablaikhanova, N., Ashimhanova, G., Kuandykov, Y. Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2019, 9(4), стр. 222–228

ISSN

22233806

     195.      

Efficacy of application of dietary supplements in acute intoxication

DOI

10.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.04.5

The effectiveness of BAA balsam "Revival plus" as a means of pharmacological correction of neurotoxic and hepatotoxic lesions as consequences of acute ethanol poisoning was evaluated. It has been established that in the conditions of acute severe intoxication ethanol BAA balsam "Revival plus" has pharmacological efficacy in terms of survival keeping temperature and frequency of respiratory movements in poisoned rats with a therapeutic and prophylactic scheme of their use. Value of the work consists in the experimental substantiation of the possibility of using BAA balsam "Revival plus" as a promising means of treatment of acute extremely severe ethanol poisoning. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the efficacy of application of dietary supplements in acute intoxication, to depict the effectiveness of balsam during the intoxication, and from scientific purpose to prove the significance of this supplement. The obtained data testify to the effectiveness of the use of bio additives in ethanol poisoning and possible mechanisms for the implementation of the hepatic protective effect of the BAA balsam "Revival Plus" under various life-threatening conditions. The purpose of this research is evaluation of the experimental effectiveness of BAA balsam "Revival Plus" for ethanol poisoning. To achieve this goal the following tasks are set: To reveal the features of the histological structure of the liver of control and experimental rats of the second group with ethanol poisoning; To study the morphological changes in the liver of rats of the third group with ethanol poisoning against the background of the use of BAA balsam "Revival plus"; To study the peculiarities of the action of the BAA balsam "Revival plus" on the biochemical parameters of the blood of rats. Questions about the interaction of dietary supplements and alcoholic beverages are regularly being raised by both researchers and ordinary consumers. In most cases talk about the dangers of dietary supplements for a person who often drinks alcoholic beverages is not necessary.

Yessimsiitova, Z.B., Kuandyk, S., Sinyavskiy, Y., Gauhar, U., Murat, T., Ablayhanova N.T. Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2019, 9(4), стр. 229–232

DOI

10.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.04.5

     196.      

Morphological, anatomical structure and molecular phylogenetics of anthemis trotzkiana claus

DOI

10.30848/PJB2020-3(39)

In this study, morphological and anatomical properties of a rare species Anthemis trotzkiana Claus were investigated. Morphology structure of flower, seed, leaf, root and anatomical structure of root, stem, leaves and molecular phylogenetics Anthemis trotzkiana from Aktobe region of the Kazakhstan are also studied. Anthemis trotzkiana Claus (Asteraceae) is a rare and an endemic species of the Volga region and the Western Kazakhstan. The species is calcefite, occurs on sediments of cretaceous rocks and for research features substratum were studied regarding chemical structure of soil from different horizon. The anatomical results showed that the roots have tetrachium xylem rays and schizogenic channels. When comparing the anatomical structure of virginal roots in three populations, it was found that the morphometric parameters of plants in the 1-2nd populations were high, while the data of the 3rd population were lower. The epidermis of the leaf is strongly cutinized and leaves are isolateral, the palisade mesophyll is found on both sides of the leaf. This is peculiar to xerophilous plants. The abundance of essential oils clearly indicates the healing characteristics of the plant and is the basis for studying of essential oils of the leaf. In the paper, also were determined unique molecular markers of the species and used for the creation of a phylogenetic tree.To clarify the taxonomic provision of rare A. trotzkiana phylogenetic analysis based on the change of the sequence ITS nrDNA of Anthemideae representatives was conducted. For molecular resear chDNA analysis on phylogeny of A. trotzkiana was conducted based on ITS (internal transcribed spacers) markers. Alignment of Anthemissequences was performed using nucleotide sequences available at the NCBI and MEGA 6 package. The Neighbor Joining phylogenetic tree suggested that А. trotzkiana along with А. marschalliana, А. futiculosa, and А. calcarea form a single cluster within Tanacetum clade, while other Anthemis species formed a separate Anthemis clade.

Izbastina, K., Kurmanbayeva, M., Bazargaliyeva, A., Mukhtubaeva, S., Turuspekov, Y., Ablayhanova N.T.

Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2020, 52(3), стр. 935–947

DOI

10.30848/PJB2020-3(39)

     197.      

The transformation of ecosystems of the ili river delta (Kazakhstan) under the flow regulation and climate change

DOI

10.15666/aeer/1802_24832498

This paper presents the results of a study on the main reasons for the transformation of wetland ecosystems in the Delta of the Ili River in the period of 1979-2014. The study results are shown based on the analysis of multi-temporal satellite data Landsat, dynamics of hydrological regime of the river Ili, climate conditions and features of economic activities of the local community, as well as fieldwork in the study region. Analysis of area changes of main types of hydromorphic and semi-hydromorphic ecosystems of Delta river Ili in high and medium on water discharge in the following (1979, 1993, 2000, 2010, and 2015) years. Increasing water consumption in China and in Kazakhstan part of the Ili-Balkhash basin due to the development of the agrarian and municipal sectors of economy especially in China, significantly exceed increasing flow of Ili River, caused by regional warming in the catchment part of Ili River Basin. The global warming has intensified the degradation of glaciers in mountain catchment areas of Ili River, this in the near future threatens with a decline in river flow and as a consequence lead to the deterioration of delta ecosystems and the desiccation of lake Balkhash similarly to the ecological disaster of the Aral Sea. Analysis of long-term (from 1970 to 2013) climatic data from three meteorological stations demonstrated a trend of the regional increase of average annual air temperature by 1.4 °С and decreasing of average annual precipitation by 10 mm. These factors also contribute to the transformation process of hydromorphic ecosystems.

Mukhitdinov, A., Nurtazin, S., Alimova, S., Margulan, I., Mirasbek, Y., Ablayhanova N.T. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 2020, 18(2), стр. 2483–2498

DOI

10.15666/aeer/1802_24832498

     198.      

Estimation of efficiency of use of dairy products enriched with enter sorbent dietary fibers on immunophysiological indicators of the rat organism

DOI

10.29169/1927-5951.2020.10.03.3

At all times, the problem of healthy and wholesome food has been one of the most important problems facing human society. This problem cannot be solved by simply increasing the amount of food consumed. Plant-based antioxidants are widely used for the prevention and treatment of diseases with the aim of eliminating free radicals from the body and restoring the body's antioxidant defense system. The article shows biochemical indicators that reflect the nature of changes in the early stages of the formation of response of the animal organism during toxic poisoning and the use of sour-milk products using enter sorbent dietary fiber from rice husk. With an increase in the dosage and frequency of CCl4 administration, the effect of deep poisoning and impaired lymph dynamics was obtained. Along with a decrease in the content of total protein and urea in lymph and blood plasma, an increase in ALT and AST levels in blood plasma by 2.5-3 times, as well as an increase in thymol test, were noted. Antioxidant defense mechanisms are universal in order to increase the body's vitality.

Ablaikhanova, N., Yessimsiitova, Z., Amzeyeva, U., Konysbayeva, A., Tuleukhanov, S. Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2020, 10(3), стр. 92–100

DOI

10.29169/1927-5951.2020.10.03.3

     199.      

Issues of type 2 diabetes disease effective treatment in Kazakhstan

DOI

10.29169/1927-5951.2020.10.03.5

In his address to the people, the First President of our country, emphasized the need to introduce innovative methods of treating socially significant diseases. Among these diseases, diabetes holds a special position. More than 14,000 new cases of diabetes mellitus are officially detected annually in Kazakhstan. The real picture of the disease is difficult to compare with these data. This review discusses the prevalence of type 2 diabetes among the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the causing factors such as age, race, genetic predisposition (OR = 3), obesity, glucose level and total cholesterol etc. It was found that the main complications and concomitant diseases of diabetes in residents of different regions are polyneuropathy-22.4%, diabetic retinopathy-14%, diabetic foot syndrome-13.6%, arterial hypertension-13.6% and coronary heart disease (CHD)-14.4%. Only 1.8% of the population is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, latent manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus, one in four people in Kazakhstan can be sick, 38% of adults aged 20-79 suffer from prediabetes, and 8.2% with diabetes. It is believed that by 2030 in Kazakhstan, there may be about a million patients with diabetes. Diabetes mellitus, in accordance with the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On the health of the people and the health care system" belongs to the category of socially significant diseases. Therefore, the study of type 2 diabetes is one of the urgent problems of the public health in Kazakhstan.

Ablaikhanova, N.T., Yessenbekova, A.Y., Aigul, T., Sanbaeva, B.J., Molsadykkyzy, M. Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2020, 10(3), стр. 116–122

DOI

10.29169/1927-5951.2020.10.03.5

     200.      

Functional-morphological features of enterosorbent in animal cells

DOI

10.31838/srp.2020.12.174

Today it is impossible to present any human activity thatis directly or indirectly notaffected by live organisms of toxic substances that continue to grow. Studying the pathomorphology of changecaused by and the effect of toxic substances at the intercellular and interfabric level plays a large role inunderstanding the pathogenesis of various diseases. One avenue of studying intercellular and interfabric relationship is the identification of interaction between fabrics facing impact of toxic substances. In the human body, this is especially relevant as the relationship between fabrics and their cellular elements helps to reveal morphofunctionalfeatures of cells. Toxic substances acting on an organism triggersmorphofunctional processes thatlead to destructive changes inorganisms. Chronic poisoning with cadmium and lead, for instance, destroys animal cells, leading to the dysfunction of internal organs. An excess of cadmium interferes withthe metabolism of metals, especially iron and calcium, distorts theeffect of zinc and other metalenzymes, blocks sulfhydryl groups of enzymesand interrupts DNA synthesis. Lead interferes with biosynthesis, and is considered the strongest neurotoxin, causingaggressive reactions where it is present. In this experiment, morphological changes in the internalorgans of white, not purebred, rats that are given1.5 mg/kg of cadmium and 25 mg/kg oflead in anenterosorbentare investigated using 1 g/kg Ingo2 within 30 days of its use. Two groups of rats show strong destructive changes in their internal organs i.e. necrosis, puffiness, gidropic dystrophy, reduced pathological processes and increasedcompensatory reaction. Two other groups of rats show the effects of damage due to poisoning, but these effects are reduced after use ofenterosorbentIngo2. The results of thisresearch demonstrate that the enterosorbentIngo2 promotes efficiency in occluding cations of lead and cadmium.

Functional-morphological features of enterosorbent in animal cells

Zura, Y., Nurzhanyat, A., Perizat, T., Bakytzhan, K., Arailym, Y.

DOI

10.31838/srp.2020.12.174

     201.      

Conference Paper The effect of crude oil on the biochemical parameters of the blood of white rats

DOI

10.1051/e3sconf/202125409003

In this article authors were identified the effect of crude oil on the biochemical parameters of white rat blood. The experiments were conducted in two groups. In the first group, biochemical blood parameters of the control group were determined. In the second group, the biochemical parameters of the blood of white rats after poisoning with crude oil were determined: during the experiment, white rats were treated for chronic crude oil poisoning. Crude oil products from the Zhanaozen oil field were the main food for white rats. Feeding of white rats was carried out according to commonly used methods. The oil concentration in the feed is about 1%. There was also a weak concentration of oil in the water of 0.001%. Thus, rats were fed a daily dose of 5.85 g of oil per day. Results: The results of the study show a decrease in the mechanical properties of oil-poisoned organisms in stem cells and the intensity of protein synthesis. Leads to metabolic processes and physiological changes in the body. Biochemical parameters of the blood of white rats after poisoning with crude oil indicate impaired liver and kidney function. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that crude oil has a high negative impact on the biochemical parameters of the blood and causes various diseases. Therefore, the results of the study can be used to organize measures to protect the environment and animal and human health in oil-producing areas.

Ydyrys, A., Ablaikhanova, N., Amanbay, B., Seiykadyr, K., Demeuova, D. E3S Web of Conferences, 2021, 254, 09003

DOI

10.1051/e3sconf/202125409003

     202.      

Determination of the content of biologically active substances in some aquatic higher plants

DOI

10.30848/PJB2021-5(23)

The article identifies the following biologically active substances in the surface and the underground parts of Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia Stratiotes, and Lemna minor aquatic plants (roots, stems, leaves): alkaloids, anthraquinones, proteins, tannins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, anthraquinones, and coumarins. A brief overview of scientific works has been given for certain types of biologically active substances and their biological activity, importance, biosynthesis, and genetic transfer. The results of this research show that high amount of biologically active substances (BAS) was found in Eichhornia crassipes aquatic plant in terms of tannins, which in the roots amounted to 7.476%, and in the above-ground part — to 6.73%. The content of polysaccharides was 5.907%, and in the roots — 2.642%. By the amount of BAS detected in the composition of Pistia stratiotes aquatic plant, polysaccharides content in the aerial part was 3.073%, and in the roots — 4.881%, the content of flavonoids in the aerial part was 4.833%, and in the roots — 3.716%. Among BAS in Lemna minor water plant, the content of flavonoids was 5.463%.

Ramazanova, A.A., Yernazarova, G.I., Turasheva, S.K., Ablaikhanova, N.T.

Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2021, 53(5), стр. 1893–1899

DOI

10.30848/PJB2021-5(23)

     203.      

Injection of sorbent and subsequent analysis of blood cells

DOI:https://doi.org/10.26577/ijbch-2018-1-316

Abstract: This article indicates the adaptive reaction of the blood and lymph system that is affected by the extreme factor which is toxic substance. Change of the viscosity and overall protein composition of the blood and lymph, the erythrocytes and leukocytes of the rats which were receiving toxic substance for a long period of time and small changes in concentration of ions were observed. SUMS-1 (1g/kg) was used as a detoxicant in the experiment. The impact of toxic substances has decreased and animal state has improved after intake of SUMS-1. Regarding the composition and flow of the lymph, physico-chemical and biochemical parameters of blood cells were positive. When using the organic compounds lymph flow declined and composition reduced, whereas application of enterosorbent detoxifiers resulted conversely. After introduction into abdominal cavity SUMS-1 displayed high sorption properties. Sorbents are characterized by their ability to absorb toxic substances. In recent years, sorbents are widely used in various diseases, so it has great importance in the treatment and prevention. It is noticed that the physical and chemical properties of the animals blood receiving the sorbent improved. As can be seen from these data, the excretion of toxic substances from the body during sorbent reception was significant higher. The data obtained during the experiment showed that the decrease in erythrocytes was observed simultaneously with the reduction of hematocrit, which showed that the plasma portion of the blood increased and the appearance of hydrobialysis. It should be noted that the addition of enterosorbent to rats leads to a restoration of the volume of plasma and blood cells. The results provide strong evidence that SUMS-1supplementation is beneficial in protecting the kidneys from CCl₄ toxicity. This kind work of research in this area should be continued.

G.D. Daulet, G.K. Atanbaeva, S.T. Tuleukhanov, A. Ydyrys, A. Baishanbo, S.N. Abdireshov, Injection of sorbent and subsequent analysis of blood cells\\ International Journal of Biology and Chemistry 11, № 1, 82 (2018), IRSTI 34.39.27, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26577/ijbch-2018-1-316

     204.      

Study of the influence of mobile phones on the functional condition of students’ cardiovascular system during the examination period by Holter methods

DOI: 

https://doi.org/10.26577/ijbch-2018-1-320

Abstract: Excessive physical and mental discomfort, nervous breakdown work stress, inappropriate eating behavior accompanied with disproportionate use of mobile phones lead to various functional disorders and illnesses. Mobile phones, often used by the student community for examinations, social adaptation and self-identification in the future profession, can endanger human health, and might consequently lead to disorders of vegetative regulation of cardiovascular system, including the rising frequency of heart contraction, increase in arterial pressure, muscle and psycho-emotional stress. Holter monitoring based on electrocardiogram (ECG) methodology was used to study the physiological state of the heart within the period of 24 h in students with mobile phones overuse. This monitoring system consists of the MT- 101 registry block and MT-200 computer-assisted analyzer. Nine students aged 20-21 years old served the objects of the study. ECG rates recorded in the pre-examination learning process were considered as control, and ECG indicators, recorded during the examination period, were considered as experimental. ECG was studied throughout the day during the learning process and in the examination period to esteem the effects of electromagnetic fields caused by stress situations and mobile phones and identify the frequency of ventricular depolarization (Q, R and S wave or QRS) and heart rate. Both in normal conditions and during the examination period the frequency of heart rate and QRS scores are higher in comparison with the nighttime, at night low values are registered depending on the body’s relaxation period. Moreover, it was found that statistical reliability (p<0.05) during the period of examinations increased simultaneously in the nighttime in comparison to control.

A.А. Sazanova, М.S. Kulbaeva, S.Т. Тuleukhanov, Yu.A. Kim, A.I. Zhussupova, G.K. Atanbaeva, N.T. Ablaykhanova, Zh.O. Oralkhanova\\ Study of the influence of mobile phones on the functional condition of students’ cardiovascular system during the examination period by Holter methods, International Journal of Biology and Chemistry 11, № 1, 112 (2018),   IRSTI 34.39.55,

DOI: 

https://doi.org/10.26577/ijbch-2018-1-320

     205.      

Increase of Healthy Food Quality among the Kazakhstan

Population

DOI:10.6000/1927-5951.2018.08.03.10

Abstract: At present, one of the most important urgent issues is the study of healthy nutrition of the population of Kazakhstan. Proper nutrition ensures the growth and development of children, contributes to the prevention of diseases, increase the capacity for work and prolong the life of people, while creating conditions for adequate adaptation to the environment. Most of the population of Kazakhstan because of technological processing, the use of inadequate food raw materials, influence of other causes, does not receive the necessary amount of essential components of food, which lead to illnesses, premature aging and shortening of life. The situation aggravates by the low cultural level of the population in matters of rational nutrition and the lack of skills for

healthy lifestyles. In this regard, the main task in the work was to study methods of improving the health and quality of life of the population of Kazakhstan, especially those living in zones of environmental problems and contacting with harmful factors.

Z. Yessimsiitova, N. Ablaikhanova S. Sagyndykova, G. Tussupbekova, M. Kulbayeva,

G. Atanbayeva, M. Aitzhan and Z. Bissenbayeva\\ Increase of Healthy Food Quality among the Kazakhstan

Population, Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2018, 8, 150-153, DOI:10.6000/1927-5951.2018.08.03.10

     206.      

Morphological Characteristics of Adaptation of the Lungs in the

Ground Spinal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.02.7

This article discusses the morphological changes in the structures of the lungs when adapting to some extreme factors and environmental conditions.

One of the most pressing problems of biology is the elucidation of the mechanisms of adaptation of the human body and animals to changing environmental conditions [1-7].

 This problem can be viewed in two aspects: firstly, in terms of the emergence of adaptive rearrangements in the body when exposed to environmental factors as a manifestation of the body’s plasticity in ontogenesis, secondly, in terms of the emergence of adaptation, as genetically and phenotypically fixed adaptation of living organisms to the conditions environment, which arose in the course of evolution [8-13].

 The key point here is the identification and comparison of subtle mechanisms of similar (to the same environmental factor) adaptation that arise in ontogenesis and formed in phylogenesis [14-21].

K.A. Saparov, Z.B. Yessimsiitova, B.A. Abdullayeva, S.A. Mankibaeva, B.M. Tynybekov, G.K. Atanbayeva and S.N. Abdreshov\\ Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2019, 9, 101-103, Morphological Characteristics of Adaptation of the Lungs in the Ground Spinal, DOI: https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.02.7

     207.      

Studying Phytochemical Features of Three Asteraceae Herbs Growing Wild in Kazakhstan

 https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087-FLORAM-2021-0060

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical features of medicinal species of the Asteraceae family, their mineral elements, antioxidants, vitamins, and amino acids. The species studied included common yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.), common chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), and German chamomile (Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert) collected in the Ile Alatau Mountain (Trans-Ili Alatau), Kazakhstan. The plants were harvested in July 2019-July 2020 during their flowering. The article’s scientific novelty lies in the conceptual research of phytochemical and morphological features of medicinal species with a maximum content of biologically active substances and high antioxidant activity, which can be a basis for creating innovative functional food products enriched with natural antioxidants. The article describes a new idea to display a very high concentration and diversity of vitamins (8 types), mineral elements (8 types), antioxidants, and amino acids (13 types) in the flowers of C. intybus L., Ch. recutita L., A. millefolium L.

Zhadyra B. AshirovaZhenis Z. KuzhantaevaZhanna T. AbdrassulovaGulsana Z. ShaimerdenovaGulshat K. Atanbaeva\\ Studying Phytochemical Features of Three Asteraceae Herbs Growing Wild in Kazakhstan

ORIGINAL ARTICLE, Conservation of Nature,  Floresta Ambient. 28 (4) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087-FLORAM-2021-0060   

     208.      

Adrenergic Innervation of the thyroid Gland, Blood and Lymph Vessels, and Lymph Nodes in Hypothyroidim

DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04694-8

Abstract

Adrenergic innervation in the tissue of the thyroid gland, blood vessels of the thyroid gland, cervical lymphatic vessel, and lymph nodes in rats with hypothyroidism was studied by using a specific histochemical fluorescent-microscopic method of visualization of catecholamines. The presence of adrenergic innervation in the blood and lymph vessels and nodes was demonstrated. In hypothyroidism, diffusion of norepinephrine from nerve fibers and varicose thickenings was observed in the wall of the upper and lower thyroid arteries and adjacent cervical lymphatic vessels and nodes.

S N Abdreshov, N A Akhmetbaeva, G K Atanbaeva, A T Mamataeva, U B Nauryzbai\\ Adrenergic Innervation of the thyroid Gland, Blood and Lymph Vessels, and Lymph Nodes in Hypothyroidism, Bull Exp Biol Med. 2019 Dec;168(2):295-299. doi: 10.1007/s10517-019-04694-8. Epub 2019 Nov 28. 

     209.      

Condition of Adrenergic Innervation Apparatus of the Thyroid Gland, Blood and Lymph Vessels, and Lymph Nodes during Correction of Hypothyrosis

 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05212-5

Abstract

We used specific histochemical fluorescence-microscopic method of visualization of catecholamines to study adrenergic innervation of the thyroid gland tissue, blood vessels of the thyroid gland, cervical lymphatic vessel and lymph nodes in rats during correction of hypothyroidism with a bioactive formulation (Vozrozhdenie Plus balm with Potentilla alba L.). In experimental hypothyroidism, adrenergic innervation of the thyroid gland and the wall of the cervical lymph node, concentrated mainly along the arterial vessels and the cervical lymphatic vessel, retained its structural formations (plexuses and varicosities), but diffusion of catecholamines outside these formations was observed. Correction with the bioactive formulation restored of the contours of the nerve plexuses and varicosities and their brighter fluorescence in the thyroid gland and cervical lymphatic vessel and node. During correction of hypothyroidism with the bioactive formulation, reorganization of regional lymphatic vessels and nodes was more pronounced than reorganization of the thyroid gland.

S N Abdreshov , G A Demchenko , A T Mamataeva, G K Atanbaeva, S A Mankibaeva, N A Akhmetbaeva, U N Kozhaniyazova, U B Nauryzbai\\ Condition of Adrenergic Innervation Apparatus of the Thyroid Gland, Blood and Lymph Vessels, and Lymph Nodes during Correction of Hypothyrosis, Bull Exp Biol Med. 2021 May;171(2):281-285.

 doi: 10.1007/s10517-021-05212-5. Epub 2021 Jun 26.

     210.      

Transyears competing with the seasons in tropical malaria incidence

DOI: 10.5772/64332

Indexed in Web of Science

ABSTRACT :

Communicable and non‐communicable diseases show coperiodisms (shared cycles) with the sun's and earth's magnetism. About 11‐year cycles and components with periods a few weeks or a few months longer than one year (near‐ and far‐transyears, respectively) are the cases in point. Published data on the incidence of malaria in Burundi, Papua New Guinea, and Thailand are analysed by the linear‐nonlinear cosinor to assess the relative prominence of transyears versus the calendar year. An about 2.3‐year component characterizes malaria incidence in Burundi and Papua New Guinea (Thailand data were only sampled yearly). Long‐term trends cannot be distinguished from the presence of an about 11‐year cycle found in a 100‐year long record from Chizhevsky on mortality from cholera in Russia, albeit its second harmonic is statistically significant in Burundi’s data. Whereas far‐ and near‐transyears characterize malaria incidence in Burundi more prominently than the calendar year, only a candidate near‐transyear of small amplitude is barely detected in Papua New Guinea, where the calendar year is most prominently expressed. Both regions are located near the equator. Selectively‐assorted geographic differences such as these, observed herein for a communicable disease, have been previously observed for non‐communicable conditions, such as sudden cardiac death.

Lyazzat Gumarova, Germaine Cornelissen, Borislav D Dimitrov, Franz Halberg. Transyears competing with the seasons in tropical malaria incidence // in book: Current Topics in Malaria. – InTech, 2016, pp 39-52.  

DOI: 10.5772/64332  

     211.      

Effect of Examination on the Circadian Structure of ECG Parameters

ISBN:978-163485585-3, 978-163485569-3

Indexed in Scopus

Seasonal rhythms are an important tool for an organism to adapt to the environment. As part of the problem of adjustment to a load (“stress”), infradian (including seasonal) biorhythms deserve special attention, notably in a climate with a strong contrast between summer and winter. Evolutionary circannual rhythms contribute to the survival of individuals, species and populations of different animals in the face of seasonal changes in habitat. The changing of seasons imposes great demands on organisms, especially in the continental climate of Kazakhstan. This investigation examines any influence of seasons on the daily dynamics of some ECG parameters (notably endpoints of heart rate variability, HRV) in association with the load of an examination in this Central Asian region. All exams were conducted in the morning (at 09: 00). Circadian rhythm characteristics of ECG endpoints were compared between days with vs. without an exam, when exams were taken either during winter or summer. In summer, on days with an examination, 24-hour means of SDNNidx and rMSSD (HRV parameters) were decreased, more so at night, when the parameters SDNNidx, rMSSD, pNN50, pNN100, and pNN200 undergo statistically significant changes. Changes of lesser extent were observed in winter. In both seasons, the load of an examination was associated with a shift in the circadian acrophase (phase of maximum of cosine curve approximating the data) that was more pronounced in winter than in summer. On days with an examination, the harmonic content increased, components with a frequency higher than 1 cycle per day (ultradians) accounting for a larger proportion of the overall variance. Responses of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) to a load can vary greatly as a function of the circadian stage when the stimulus is applied. Recently, cycles other than circadian and circannual have also been reported, notably components with periods of about 5 and 16 months, detected in longitudinal BP and HR records as well as in mortality statistics from myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death in different geographic locations. Whether the response to a load such as an examination is also characterized by such non-photic infradians (with a frequency lower than 1 cycle per day) deserves further investigation.

Lyazzat Gumarova, Franz Halberg, Germaine Cornelissen. Effect of Examination on the Circadian Structure of ECG Parameters. // in book: Chronocardiology and Cardiac Research. – Nova, 2016, pp 37-46

     212.      

Angiotensin-receptor neprylysin inhibitor LCZ696; a novel therapy for heart failure.

978-163485674-4, 978-163485646-1

Indexed in Scopus

Current Trends in Cardiovascular Research brings evidence to the medical community about the role of metabolic factors in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular function and dysfunction which results in different cardiovascular diseases.

Bassim I Mohammad, N.R. Hadi, R.B. Singh, Sergey Shastun, Turegeldy Sharmanov, Shamil Tazhibayev, Lyazzat Gumarova. Angiotensin-receptor neprylysin inhibitor LCZ696; a novel therapy for heart failure. // in book: Current trends in Cardiovascular Research. – Nova, 2016, pp 183-188

     213.      

Chronobiology of mitochondria

ISBN: 978-153613150-5;978-153613149-9

Indexed in Scopus

Biological rhythms are the essence of life. They cover a wide range of frequencies, among which circadian rhythms have gained great interest in view of their ubiquity, partly endogenous nature now firmly documented at the molecular level, and wide-ranged involvement in health and disease. Circadian rhythms in organisms are synchronized by the lighting regimen and the feeding schedule. They are primarily orchestrated by a small brain area of roughly 20,000 neurons situated in the suprachiasmatic nuclei, while clock genes reside in almost every cell. Estimating quantitatively circadian (and other) rhythm characteristics is important in relation to both diagnosis and treatment since changes occurring during the development of a disease condition may affect the amplitude and/or phase as well as the average value and all rhythm parameters may be affected by treatment. After briefly examining circadian rhythms related to mitochondria, notably mitochondria of the heart and brain, we review early work on circadian, ultradian and infradian variation (components with a frequency higher or lower than one cycle per day, respectively). Consideration is given to the role of mitochondria in cellular metabolism, which is tightly coupled to circadian clocks.

Cornélissen, G., Gvozdjáková, A., Gierke, C.L., Gumarova, L., Lundeen, L.S. Chronobiology of mitochondria // Chapter in book: Recent Advances in Mitochondrial Medicine and Coenzyme Q10. Medicine and Biology Research Developments Series. Nova Science Publishers, 2018, pp. 37-56. ISBN: 978-153613150-5;978-153613149-9

     214.      

Influence of BMI on cardiovascular circadian rhythms of young adults

ISSN 15564002

Indexed in Scopus

Aim. Excess body weight, obesity, and hypertension increase the risk of non-communicable diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine how body mass index (BMI) correlates with various indicators of circadian hemodynamics in young men and women. Subjects and Methods. ABPM at 30-min intervals for 2 to 7 days was carried out in 56 of 91 Kazakh university students, aged 21.1 ± 2.9 years. Data were analyzed chronobiologically to estimate the circadian rhythm characteristics of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). The latter were linearly regressed as a function of BMI, overall and for men and women separately. Results. There were 22.0 % students who were overweight or obese, and 15.4% were underweight. In clinically healthy Kazakh students, BMI correlated with the MESOR (rhythm-adjusted mean) of systolic (S) and diastolic (D) BP and HR, and with the daily average of the pulse-pressure product in young men. Such correlations were not found for young women. Conclusion. The weaker influence of BMI on BP and HR in women as compared to men may be accounted for by the action of estrogens, thought to offer cardio-protection.

Lyazzat Gumarova, Zhannat Gumarova, Germaine Cornelissen. Influence of BMI on cardiovascular circadian rhythms of young adults // World Heart Journal: 2019, Volume 11, Issue 1, pp. 49-56

     215.      

Chronobiologically interpreted ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: past, present, and future

DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2018.1491193

Indexed in Scopus, Web of Science

Research at the Halberg Chronobiology Center focused to a large extent on the monitoring of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). Self-measurements and later ambulatory BP monitoring yielded new knowledge of interest to basic science and clinical practice. After a brief review of BP measurement, we outline developments in methods of data analysis that paralleled technological advances in the measurement of BP. We review work done in cooperation with colleagues worldwide to illustrate how a chronobiological approach led to the mapping of spontaneous circadian and other rhythms for the derivation of refined reference values and to the assessment of response rhythms underlying chronotherapy. BIOCOS members work in different fields, spanning from cardiology and nutrition to obesity, diabetes, exercise physiology and rehabilitation, but all strive for “pre-habilitation”. The early recognition of increased risk can prompt the timely institution of prophylactic intervention. As technology continues to improve, studies on groups are complemented by longitudinal self-surveillance for health maintenance. Longitudinal records serve for the investigation of environmental influences on human physiology, the topic of chronomics. As current advances in technology and wireless communication will likely impact the future of healthcare, chronobiological methods and concepts should be an integral part of this seachange. 

Cornelissen G, Watanabe W, Siegelova J, Beaty LA, Singh RK, Singh R, Singh RB, Delcourt A, Gumarova L, Gubin D, Chen CH, Otsuka K, for Investigators of the Project on the BIOsphere and the COSmos (BIOCOS) and Members of the Phoenix Study Group. Chronobiologically interpreted ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: past, present, and future. Biological Rhythm Research 2018; DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2018.1491193

     216.      

Chronobiologic analyses of weeklong around-the-clock records of simultaneously monitored blood pressure and activity

ISBN 978-802109715-5

Indexed in Scopus

Among the many different factors that influence blood pressure, activity was once thought to be the major determinant of the circadian variation in blood pressure. Whereas the endogenous nature of the circadian rhythm in blood pressure is no longer disputed, there is great interest in monitoring activity concomitantly with blood pressure. Herein, we reanalyze a dataset on weeklong ABPM records obtained concomitantly with actigraphy from 20 clinically healthy young adults. The purpose of this investigation is to review different approaches available for the characterization of the circadian variation in physiological variables such as blood pressure, heart rate, and activity. Topics covered include rhythm detection, the estimation of rhythm parameters, and the visualization of their waveform. Methods to examine how circadian rhythms of different variables may relate to each other are also discussed.

Cornelissen G., Farah Z., Gubin D., Gumarova L., Sackett-Lundeen L., Kazlausky T., Otsuka K., Siegelova J., Beaty L. Chronobiologic analyses of weeklong around-the-clock records of simultaneously monitored blood pressure and activity // Noninvasive methods in cardiology – Brno, 2020, pp.19-26

     217.      

Geomagnetic, cardiovascular and geo-cardiovascular congruences of cycles: putative co-periodisms

DOI 10.26577/ijbch.2020.v13.i2.06

Indexed in Web of Science

A sense for magnetism in humans and more broadly for nonphotic solar effects is not consciously perceived, even though the cosmos may have broad biospheric consequences. Associations are already documented for the human circulation and for mental and cellular functions with geo- and interplanetary magnetism. We compare interval estimates of periods in view of the ever-present uncertainties, congruence assess corresponding periods by the presence or absence of overlap between the CIs (95% confidence intervals) of the paired periods, found by the nonlinearly extended cosinors in time series of geomagnetic indices, Kp, quasi-logarithmic local index of the 3-hourly range, its derivatives Cp and C9, on the one hand and on the other hand in separate data sets of systolic (S) and diastolic (D) blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) of 360 patients, each monitored ambulatorily (ABPM) for 24 hrs. Some circasemiseptan periods are shared by SBP, DBP and HR in female patients and further by C9 and Cp. Kp reveals a period of 4.31 days, with an even longer period found for SBP in men in the spectral region examined, the periods being picked because of their statistical significance in that spectral region. The gender differences in HR and SBP have their precedents in other regions of the circasemiseptan spectrum of these variables. The circaseptan coperiodisms between geomagnetic indices, Kp, Cp, C9 and cardiovascular system (SBP, DBP) in periodicity is clear for women patients only. The coperiodisms of HR with 10.7 C in 21 days period, and the circaseptan coperiodism again only of Kp with the BP were found.

Gumarova L., Hillman D., Mansharipova A., Sadyrbayeva G.,   Tauassarova M. Geomagnetic, cardiovascular and geo-cardiovascular congruences of cycles: putative co-periodisms // International Journal of Biology and Chemistry. – 2020, Vol.13, № 2, 46, pp 46-52

     218.      

Comparative analysis of circadian rhythms of hemodynamics and physical activity

DOI 10.1080/09291016.2021.1922827

Indexed in Scopus, Web of Science

In determining the time structure (circadian rhythm) of blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and physical activity (actigraphy indicators ZCM, HPIM) in everyday life and how they are related, 20 clinically healthy participants, 26.7 ± 2.3 years of age, were examined. Phase-weighted averages obtained by the population-mean cosinor detected statistically significant 24- and 12-h components (P < 0.001). The cross-correlation function between physical activity and BP shows a strong common circadian variation. The similarity of the circadian waveform of cardiovascular variables and activity, gauged by the ratio of the amplitudes of the 12-h and 24-h components, is statistically confirmed by their positive correlation. The best correspondence between fluctuations in hemodynamics and actigraphy data is shown for systolic BP and ZCM. Our results indicate the synchronicity of the circadian rhythms of BP, HR rate and physical activity, supporting the statement that the circadian rhythm of BP is not a sole direct response to the circadian rhythm of physical activity. At the same time, physical activity has a positive effect on the circadian system of the whole organism, through the central pacemaker, and thus indirectly affects the cardiovascular circadian rhythms. 

Lyazzat Gumarova, Zainab Farah, Alima Tyutenova, Zhanna Gumarova, Linda Sackett-Lundeen, Thomas Kazlausky, Germaine Cornelissen Guillaume. Comparative analysis of circadian rhythms of hemodynamics and physical activity. // Biological Rhythm Research: 2021, DOI 10.1080/09291016.2021.1922827

     219.      

Mutant Lines of Spring Wheat with Increased Iron, Zinc, and Micronutrients in Grains and Enhanced Bioavailability for Human Health

10.1155/2019/9692053

Deficiency of metals, primarily Fe and Zn, affects over half of the world's population. Human diets dominated by cereal products cause micronutrient malnutrition, which is common in many developing countries where populations depend heavily on staple grain crops such as wheat, maize, and rice. Biofortification is one of the most effective approaches to alleviate malnutrition. Genetically stable mutant spring wheat lines (M 7 generation) produced via 100 or 200 Gy gamma treatments to broaden genetic variation for grain nutrients were analyzed for nutritionally important minerals (Ca, Fe, and Zn), their bioavailability, and grain protein content (GPC). Variation was 172.3-883.0 mg/kg for Ca, 40.9-89.0 mg/kg for Fe, and 22.2-89.6 mg/kg for Zn. In mutant lines, among the investigated minerals, the highest increases in concentrations were observed in Fe, Zn, and Ca when compared to the parental cultivar Zhenis. Some mutant lines, mostly in the 100 Gy-derived germplasm, had more than two-fold higher Fe, Zn, and Ca concentrations, lower phytic acid concentration (1.4-2.1-fold), and 6.5-7% higher grain protein content compared to the parent. Variation was detected for the molar ratios of Ca:Phy, Phy:Fe, and Phy:Zn (1.27-10.41, 1.40-5.32, and 1.78-11.78, respectively). The results of this study show how genetic variation generated through radiation can be useful to achieve nutrient biofortification of crops to overcome human malnutrition

Saule Kenzhebayeva, Alfia Abekova, Saule Atabayeva, Gulzira Yernazarova, Nargul Omirbekova, Guoping Zhang, Svetlana Turasheva, Saltanat Asrandina, Fatma Sarsu, Yarong Wang, "Mutant Lines of Spring Wheat with Increased Iron, Zinc, and Micronutrients in Grains and Enhanced Bioavailability for Human Health", BioMed Research International, vol. 2019, Article ID 9692053, 10 pages, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9692053

     220.      

Searching a spring wheat mutation resource for correlations between yield, grain size, and quality parameters

10.1080/15427528.2016.1276990

To broaden genetic variation, an irradiated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) M5 population was generated in the background of spring wheat cv. Almaken. This resource was used to measure components of productivity, including grain number and grain weight (GW) per main spike, GW per plant (GWP), 1000-grain weight (TGW), grain size and grain shape, and some quality parameters. Some mutant lines, mostly in the 200-Gy-dosed germplasm, had 2–4 times higher grain iron and zinc concentrations and 7–11% higher protein content relative to the parent line. Some irradiated lines had significantly larger TGW, and grain area (GA), length, and width than the parent, cv. Almaken. The largest GA and grain length (GL) were 30–40% greater than those of the parent. Correlations for Zn concentration versus GA = 0.191, p ˂ 0.01, grain protein content (GPC) versus GA = 0.128, p ˂ 0.05, GPC versus GL = 0.113, p ˂ 0.05, and GPC versus grain width = 0.191, p˂0.001 were observed in 200 Gy-dosed mutants. In 100 Gy-dosed mutants, correlations for Fe concentration versus GWP = 0.302, p ˂ 0.001 and Fe concentration versus TGW = 0.153, p ˂ 0.01 were found. The mutant lines showed the capacity to biofortify wheat grain without negatively impacting on crop productivity and this population offers promising donors for improving grain parameters such as GA, length, and width and quality. The data presented showed how the genetic variation generated through radiation could be used to test the linkage between various important grain parameters

Saule S. Kenzhebayeva, Gulina Doktyrbay, Nicola M. Capstaff, Fatma Sarsu, Nargul Zh. Omirbekova, Tamar Eilam, Dauren K. Tashenev & Anthony J. Miller (2017) Searching a spring wheat mutation resource for correlations between yield, grain size, and quality parameters, Journal of Crop Improvement, 31:2, 209–228. DOI: 10.1080/15427528.2016.1276990

     221.      

Effects of drought on grain quality- and yield-associated traits of advanced wheat mutant lines of spring wheat

10.5593/SGEM2016/B52/S20.037

The objective of this study was to evaluate grain quality and yield-associated traits of parent variety of spring wheat Zhenis and advanced M₇ mutant lines developed on its genetic background and effect of drought as one of the major limitations to crops productivity and nutritional traits was also investigated. Identifying new genetic sources and quantifiable traits would facilitate the crop improvement for drought tolerance. The seeds of parent variety were irradiated with 100 and 200 Gy doses from a⁶⁰Co source. Promising advanced M₇ mutant lines were obtained and evaluated for yield-associated traits such as grain weight per spike, GWS, and thousand grains weight, TGW, and nu-tritional grain characteristics under irrigation and rain-fed conditions. Thirty field-grown lines were studied. Based on the genotypic differences in GWS 12 mutant lines were registered as drought-tolerant. Under irrigation, mutant lines with high grain protein content, GPC, and iron concentration were identified as having 5.7–7.1%, and 1.31–2.1 times, respectively, higher concentrations than parent variety. Under rain-fed condi-tions, several mutant lines with significantly higher GPC than parent variety were regis-tered. Although drought significantly affected ranking genotypes, the main trend in the accumulation of iron to reduce its concentration. A few mutant lines were identified for their advantage over parent, showing no decline in its concentration and indicating about their relatively independent genotypic response to stress on this capacity. Under rain-fed conditions, in mutant lines GPC was significant positively correlated with GWS and TGW. The results indicate high genetic potential of mutant lines to improve grain Fe concentration and GPC and drought tolerance in cultivated wheat

Kenzhebayeva S., Zharassova D.,

Sarsu F., Omirbekova N., Dauyr B. International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM, Volume 2, Pages 287–294, 2016 16th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference: SGEM 2016. 124231

DOI: 10.5593/SGEM2016/B52/S20.037

     222.      

Study of storage proteins in endosperm and antioxidant enzyme activity of soft wheat and Brachypodium distachyon infected by Puccinia recondita

10.5593/SGEM2016/B52/S20.099

Production of high-quality grain in Kazakhstan is an important strategic direction. Currently glutenin and gliadin spectra are regarded as reliable genetic characteristics of any variety, indicators of flour quality depend on these proteins. Two local breeding wheat varieties and Brachypodium distachyon infected by the Kazakhstani strain of Puccinia recondita served the material of the study. Analysis of seed storage proteins was carried out in alkaline and acidic systems. According to our results, high molecular weight (HMW) subunits of Kazakhstanskaya early variety comprise subunit 2* encoded by locus Glu1A, 7+9 subunits encoded by locus Glu1B and 5+12 subunits encoded by locus Glu1D. HMW subunits composition of other variety: 2*; 7 + 9; 5 + 10. These subunits contribute to the baking quality and are highly ranked. Overall quality rating for wheat glutenin complies 9 points. The wheat prolamin spectrum (gliadins) shows clearly marked changes in the accumulation of the individual components under the influence of the pathogen. The intensity of ω 9 component appearance is significantly weaker in comparison with control. Weakening of components intensity in test samples is also noted in gliadin regions α, β, γ. Puccinia effect is largely not expressed; however the weakening of bands intensity is observed in zones corresponding to gliadin and HMW subunits. Data shows that fungus might cause changes in the accumulation of the individual components of storage proteins. Spectrum of storage proteins in Brachypodium shows the absence of slow-moving HMW subunits similar to cereal (wheat, barley, corn) glutenins. Components seen in the middle part of the gel, apparently, are not prolamins, as by fractionation in acidic system, those proteins are not observed or are present in trace amounts. Fast-moving proteins related to globulin fraction can also be seen on spectrum corresponding to the wheat. Spectrum of storage proteins in Brachypodium shows consistent intensity of protein components of the spectrum in the experimental samples in comparison to control. Estimation of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) activity was performed by the native gel electrophoresis. It is found that the infection of the plant resulted in a slight increase in XDH activity from 5 to 10% in wheat, while enzymatic activity in Brachypodium decreased by 36% in comparison to control

Omirbekova N., Zhussupova A., Askanbayeva B., Kenzhebaeva S., Zhunusbayeva Z. International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM, Volume 2, Pages 767–774, 2016 16th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference: SGEM 2016, 124231

10.5593/SGEM2016/B52/S20.099

     223.      

Molecular-genetic analysis of Malus sieversii - comparison of dzungarian populations in situ and ex situ

https://doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.22.2.15

Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) M. Roem. is recognized as the ancestor of the cultivated apple tree. It has a valuable gene pool, and in the last decades, it becomes endangered in Kazakhstan. The genetic diversity of 13 clone-varieties of Sievers apple tree (Malus sieversii) of Dzungarian population from the introduction collection of the Main Botanical Garden in Almaty (Kazakhstan) and 31 samples from three natural populations were assessed using eight polymorphic ISSR markers. The phylogenetic relationship of the clone-varieties with the natural population was estimated using ribosomal (ITS) and chloroplast DNA (rps16 intron, trnL intron, trn L-trn F). The data revealed a high genetic diversity of various clones and samples of Sievers apple tree of the Dzungarian populations. As a result of phylogenetic and cluster analysis the studied clones and samples of M. sieversii from natural populations formed a cluster, samples of supposedly hybrid origin formed 2 clusters, and no clustering was detected depending on geographical distance. The data demonstrate that there is an active information exchange between the populations

Shadmanova L. S., Sitpayeva G. T., Mukanova G. S., Friesen N. V. Molecular-genetic analysis of Malus sieversii – comparison of Dzungarian populations in situ and ex situ. Turczaninowia, 2019. Vol. 22, № 2. P. 187–198, https://doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.22.2.15

     224.      

The study of sodium and potassium channel gene single-nucleotide variation significance in non-mechanical forms of epilepsy

https://doi.org/10.1186/s43042-020-00123-y

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common and heterogeneous neurological diseases. The main clinical signs of the disease are repeated symptomatic or idiopathic epileptic seizures of both convulsive and non-convulsive nature that develop against a background of lost or preserved consciousness. The genetic component plays a large role in the etiology of idiopathic forms of epilepsy. The study of the molecular genetic basis of neurological disorders has led to a rapidly growing number of gene mutations known to be involved in hereditary ion channel dysfunction. The aim of this research was to evaluate the involvement of single-nucleotide variants that modify the function of genes (SCN1A, KCNT1, KCNTС1, and KCNQ2) encoding sodium and potassium ion channel polypeptides in the development of epilepsy. Results: De novo mutations in the sodium channel gene SCN1A c.5347G>A (p. Ala1783Thr) were detected in two patients with Dravet syndrome, with a deletion in exon 26 found in one. Three de novo mutations in the potassium channel gene KCNT1 c.2800G>A (p. Ala934Thr), were observed in two patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and one patient with residual encephalopathy. Moreover, a control cohort matched to the case cohort did not reveal any SNVs among conditionally healthy individuals, supporting the pathogenic significance of the studied SNVs. Conclusion: Our results are supported by literature data showing that the sodium ion channel gene SCN1A c.5347G>A mutation may be involved in the pathogenesis of Dravet syndrome. We also note that the c.2800G>A mutation in the potassium channel gene KCNT1 can cause not only autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE) but also other forms of epilepsy. To treat pathogenetic mutations that accelerate the function of sodium and potassium ion channels, we recommend ion channel blockade drug therapy

Khamdiyeva, O., Tileules, Z., Baratzhanova, G. et al. The study of sodium and potassium channel gene single-nucleotide variation significance in non-mechanical forms of epilepsy. Egypt J Med Hum Genet 22, 5 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43042-020-00123-y

     225.      

Ancient genomic time transect from the Central Asian Steppe unravels the history of the Scythians

10.1126/sciadv.abe4414

The Scythians were a multitude of horse-warrior nomad cultures dwelling in the Eurasian steppe during the first millennium BCE. Because of the lack of first-hand written records, little is known about the origins and relations among the different cultures. To address these questions, we produced genome-wide data for 111 ancient individuals retrieved from 39 archaeological sites from the first millennia BCE and CE across the Central Asian Steppe. We uncovered major admixture events in the Late Bronze Age forming the genetic substratum for two main Iron Age gene-pools emerging around the Altai and the Urals respectively. Their demise was mirrored by new genetic turnovers, linked to the spread of the eastern nomad empires in the first centuries CE. Compared to the high genetic heterogeneity of the past, the homogenization of the present-day Kazakhs gene pool is notable, likely a result of 400 years of strict exogamous social rules

Gnecchi-Ruscone G.A.a, b,Khussainova E.c,Kahbatkyzy N.c, d,Musralina L.a, c, d,Spyrou M.A.a,Bianco R.A.a,Radzeviciute R.a,Gomes Martins N.F.a,Freund C.a,Iksan O.c, d,Garshin A.c,Zhaniyazov Z.c

Bekmanov B.c, d,Kitov E.d, e, f,Samashev Z.g, h,Beisenov A.f,Berezina N.i,Berezin Y.i,Bíró A.Z.j,Évinger S.j,Bissembaev A.h, k,Akhatov G.f,Mamedov A.l,Onggaruly A.m,Voyakin D.f, n,Chotbayev A.f,Kariyev Y.o,Buzhilova A.i,Djansugurova L.cSend mail to Djansugurova L.,Jeong C.a, pSend mail to Jeong C.,Krause J.

Science AdvancesOpen AccessVolume 7, Issue 13, 2021 Article number eabe4414. 10.1126/sciadv.abe4414

     226.      

Ten millennia of hepatitis B virus evolution

DOI: 10.1126/science.abi5658

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been infecting humans for millennia and remains a global health problem, but its past diversity and dispersal routes are largely unknown. We generated HBV genomic data from 137 Eurasians and Native Americans dated between ~10,500 and ~400 years ago. We date the most recent common ancestor of all HBV lineages to between ~20,000 and 12,000 years ago, with the virus present in European and South American hunter-gatherers during the early Holocene. After the European Neolithic transition, Mesolithic HBV strains were replaced by a lineage likely disseminated by early farmers that prevailed throughout western Eurasia for ~4000 years, declining around the end of the 2nd millennium BCE. The only remnant of this prehistoric HBV diversity is the rare genotype G, which appears to have reemerged during the HIV pandemic

Kocher, A., Papac, L., Barquera, R., ...Krause, J., Musralina L., Djansugurova L. Science, Volume 374, Issue 65648, 2021. 10.1126/science.abi5658

     227.      

Ecological risk assessment and long-term environmental pollution caused by obsolete undisposed organochlorine pesticides

DOI

10.1080/03601234.2021.1913931

Obsolete organochlorine pesticides (OSPs) are currently prohibited as persistent organic pollutants that contaminate the environment. If undisposed, they continue to pollute soil and water, to accumulate in the food chain and to harm plants, animals and the human body. The aim of the study was to assess water and soil pollution around the storehouses of undisposed, banned OSPs and their possible genotoxic effect. The storehouses in four villages near Almaty, Kazakhstan were investigated. Chemical analysis confirmed contamination of water and soil around storehouses with OSPs. The genotoxic effect of water and soil samples was evaluated using model objects: S.typhymurium, D.melanogaster, sheep lymphocytes cultures and human lymphocytes cultures. It was found that water and soil samples caused mutagenic effect in all model systems. They increased the frequency of revertants in Salmonella, the frequency of lethal mutations in Drosophila chromosomes, and the frequency of chromosome aberrations in cultures of human and sheep lymphocytes. Although a genotoxic effect was demonstrated for each of these models, various models showed different sensitivity to the effects of pesticides and they varied degree of response. The association between the total content of OCPs in soil and the level of mutations for different model systems was discovered

Mit N.a,Cherednichenko O.b,Mussayeva A.c,Khamdiyeva O.d,Amirgalieva A.a,Begmanova M.a,Tolebaeva A.a,Koishekenova G.d,Zaypanova S.d,Pilyugina A.b,Amandykova M.c, e,Tlenshieva A.c. Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part B Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural WastesVolume 56, Issue 5, Pages 490 – 502, 2021. DOI

10.1080/03601234.2021.1913931

     228.      

Heavy metal contents in plants of phytocenoses of the point of besqaynar, kyzylkairat and taukaraturyk

DOI

10.30848/PJB2021-2(33)

This article presents data on the determination of heavy metals (Pb⁺², Zn⁺², Cu⁺², Fe⁺², Ni⁺², Co⁺³, Mn⁺², Cr⁺², Cd⁺²) in plant samples collected from Almaty Region, Talgar District of Kazakhstan. For a number of reasons, plants cannot absorb most of the heavy metals and, unlike animals, are able to accumulate them in large quantities. The following points were selected for sampling: Control point – Taukarutuk, 2 point – Besqaynar and 3 point – Kyzylkairat. Rumex confertus, Artemisia annua, and Trifolium pratence were identified as the most highly accumulating species of heavy metals in all three monitoring groups. It was investigated that, in the studied points, Besqaynar and Kyzylkairat, all presented plant samples have a large adsorption capacity for such elements as Cd⁺² and Zn⁺²

Pakistan Journal of Botany, Volume 53, Issue 2, Pages 511–516, 2021. Inelova Z., Nurzhanova A., Yerubayeva G., Aitzhan M., Djansugurova L., Bekmanov B. DOI 10.30848/PJB2021-2(33)

     229.      

Comprehensive assessment of unutilized and obsolete pesticides impact on genetic status and health of population of Almaty region

DOI

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110905

The group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are particularly dangerous for the environment and by consequence for human health because of the risk to be transmitted in the food chain. Among them, the urgent problem of obsolete and forbidden organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) needs a rigorous management in many countries, including Kazakhstan. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of pesticides content in food products on the genetic status and health of the population living on the contaminated areas near destroyed warehouses for OCPs (4 villages of Talgar district and 1 control site, Almaty region). The food products sampled in Taukaraturyk (control site), and in 4 villages where non-utilized obsolete pesticides were discovered: Beskainar, Kyzylkairat, Amangeldy, and Belbulak. The contents of 24 pesticides in food products from plant (apples, pears, tomatoes, cucumbers, sweet peppers) and animal (beef meat, cow milk, honey) origin, that grown in places of localization of non-utilized OCPs, were determined, sometimes in high and unacceptably high concentrations (before 2500 times over MRL). In pears, the pesticides content (especially DDT, γ-HCH, β-HCH, endosulfan, and aldrin pesticide group), was higher than in other fruits. Among vegetables, the highest levels of all groups of pesticide were found in cucumbers. Beef meat samples demonstrated increased contents of β-HCH, γ-HCH, endrin and dieldrin. In cow milk samples only the high concentration of dieldrin was found. The content of pesticides in meat was 4–5 times higher than in milk. The medical examinations, carried out among the cohorts living around the polluted by pesticides territories and control cohort from ecologically favorable village, showed that there were more individuals with high and middle levels of somatic health in the control group than in groups exposed to OCPs. The long-term effect of the pesticide contamination of the environment on genetic status of the population was assessed by chromosomal aberration (CA) frequencies. The highest level of chromosomal aberrations was identified for the examined residents of Kyzylkairat (41%) and Belbulak (38%), a high level in Amangeldy (12%), and middle level in Beskainar (6.5%). The association between the CA frequency, health status and the pesticides contents in food were assessed by a Spearman rank correlation. The low indicators of somatic health status were strictly associated with high levels of CA, and good health status indicates that the CA rates did not exceed the spontaneous level of mutagenesis. The strongest correlation was shown between high levels of chromosomal aberrations and the content of different pesticides in pears (Cr = 0.979–0.467), tomatoes (Cr = 0.877–0.476), cucumbers (Cr = 0.975–0.553) and meat (Cr = 0.839–0.368). The obtained results highlight the need to improve health protection by increasing the public awareness to the security of the storage of obsolete OCPs in order to strengthen food safety by efficient control services

Djangalina E., Altynova N., Bakhtiyarova S., Kapysheva U., Zhaksymov B..Garshin A., Seisenbayeva A.a,Delannoy M.d,Jurjanz S. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Volume 2021, Article number 110905. DOI

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110905

     230.      

The effects of DNA repair polymorphisms on chromosome aberrations in the population of Kazakhstan

DOI

10.1080/09553002.2020.1711460

Purpose: To analyze the effects of DNA repair polymorphism and other factors on the frequency chromosome aberrations in an irradiated cohort of subjects living around the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site and non-exposed group of subjects from ecologically favorable zones of Kazakhstan. Materials and methods: Blood samples were collected in the rural areas of the East Kazakhstan district around the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site and ecologically favorable zones of Almaty region of Kazakhstan. Chromosome aberrations in the fresh and cryopreserved peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures were analyzed by Giemsa staining. Single nucleotide polymorphisms at eight DNA repair genes (XRCC1 rs1799782, XRCC1 rs25487, XRCC3 rs861539, ATM rs1801516, XPD rs1799793, XPD rs13181, APEX1 rs1130409, and hOGG1 rs1052133) were determined by PCR-RFLP method. Results: The age of donors and smoking significantly affected the frequency of chromosome aberrations among the irradiated and control subjects. In the irradiated and control cohorts, the frequency of chromosome aberrations was significantly increased in the heterozygous ATM rs1801516 (1853 Asp/Asn) individuals; for the rest of the loci no significant associations between polymorphism and the frequency of chromosome aberrations were detected. Conclusions: The age of donors, smoking, and the ATM rs1801516 polymorphism significantly affect the frequency of chromosome aberrations among individuals inhabiting contaminated area around the Semipalatinsk nuclear weapon test site, as well as among those inhabiting ecologically favorable zones of Kazakhstan

Djansugurova L.a,Altynova N.a,Cherednichenko O.a,Khussainova E.a,Dubrova Y.E. International Journal of Radiation BiologyVolume 96, Issue 5, Pages 614 – 621, 2020. DOI

10.1080/09553002.2020.1711460

     231.      

Mutation Spectrum of Cancer-Associated Genes in Patients With Early Onset of Colorectal Cancer

DOI

10.3389/fonc.2019.00673

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is rising worldwide, as well as in the Republic of Kazakhstan, while its occurrence is also increasing in the younger population. Hereditary forms associated with the development of colon and rectal cancer and early-onset CRC have never been studied in the population of Kazakhstan. The aim of this research was to investigate the spectrum of CRC-related gene mutations to determine which mutations cause early onset of CRC in the Kazakhstan population. Methods: The study included 125 unrelated patients from Kazakhstan (range 17–50 years in age) with early onset CRC. Genomic DNA was obtained from peripheral blood of the patients. Next-generation sequencing was performed using the TruSightCancer Kit on the MiSeq platform. The Studio Variant was used to annotate and interpret genetic variants. Results: Bioinformatics analysis of Next-generation sequencing data revealed 11,152 variants from 85 genes, of them, 3,790 missense, 6,254 synonymous variants, 44 3′UTR variants, 10 frameshift variants, five stop-gain variants, four in-frame deletions, two splice donors, one splice acceptor variant, and 1,042 intron or non-coding variants. APC, BRCA2/1, ALK, BRIP1, EGFR, FANCA, FANCD2, FANCI, HNF1A, MEN1, NSD1, PMS2, RECQL4, RET, SLX4, WRN, and XPC genes mutated most often. According to the ACMG guidelines and LOVD/ClinVar databases, 24 variants were pathogenic (10 frameshifts, five missenses, five stop-gain, one in-frame deletion, and three splice-site mutations), and 289 were VUS with population frequency <1%, 131 of them were attributed as deleterious. In the study, 50% of all pathogenic mutations found in Kazakhstani patients with early CRC onset were identified in the subgroups with a family history of CRC and primary multiple tumors. In APC, pathogenic mutations were most often (21%). Conclusion: Pathogenic and likely pathogenic mutations were found in 20 (16%) out of 125 patients. Eight novel pathogenic mutations detected in FANCI, APC, BMPR1, ATM, and DICER1 genes have not been reported in previous literature. Given the high frequency and wide spectrum of mutations, NGS analysis must be carried out in families with a history of CRC/CRC-related cancers with the purpose to identify cause-effective mutations, clarify the clinical diagnosis, and prevent the development of the disease in other family members

Zhunussova G., Afonin G., Abdikerim S., Jumanov A., Perfilyeva A., Kaidarova D., Djansugurova L. Frontiers in Oncology Volume 9, 2019 Article number 673 DOI

10.3389/fonc.2019.00673

     232.      

The genetic history of admixture across inner Eurasia

DOI

10.1038/s41559-019-0878-2

The indigenous populations of inner Eurasia—a huge geographic region covering the central Eurasian steppe and the northern Eurasian taiga and tundra—harbour tremendous diversity in their genes, cultures and languages. In this study, we report novel genome-wide data for 763 individuals from Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. We furthermore report additional damage-reduced genome-wide data of two previously published individuals from the Eneolithic Botai culture in Kazakhstan (~5,400 bp). We find that present-day inner Eurasian populations are structured into three distinct admixture clines stretching between various western and eastern Eurasian ancestries, mirroring geography. The Botai and more recent ancient genomes from Siberia show a decrease in contributions from so-called ‘ancient North Eurasian’ ancestry over time, which is detectable only in the northern-most ‘forest-tundra’ cline. The intermediate ‘steppe-forest’ cline descends from the Late Bronze Age steppe ancestries, while the ‘southern steppe’ cline further to the south shows a strong West/South Asian influence. Ancient genomes suggest a northward spread of the southern steppe cline in Central Asia during the first millennium bc. Finally, the genetic structure of Caucasus populations highlights a role of the Caucasus Mountains as a barrier to gene flow and suggests a post-Neolithic gene flow into North Caucasus populations from the steppe

Jeong C.,Balanovsky O.c, d,Lukianova E.c,Kahbatkyzy N.e, f,Flegontov P.g, h,Zaporozhchenko V.c, d,Immel A.a,Wang C.-C.a, i,Ixan O.e,Khussainova E.e,Bekmanov B.e, f,Zaibert V. Nature Ecology and Evolution Volume 3, Issue 6, Pages 966 – 976, 2019. DOI 10.1038/s41559-019-0878-2

     233.      

No association between the rs1799836 polymorphism of the monoamine oxidase B gene and the risk of autism spectrum disorders in the Kazakhstani population

DOI

10.1155/2019/2846394

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are heterogeneous diseases that are triggered by a number of environmental and genetic factors. The aim of the current study was to investigate an association of the rs1799836 genetic variant of the neurotransmitter-related gene MAOB with ASDs. In total, 262 patients diagnosed with ASDs and their 126 healthy siblings were included in the present study. All individuals represented a Kazakhstani population. The distributions of the rs1799836 genotype were in accordance with the Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium among both cases and controls. No statistically significant differences were found in the allelic distributions of this polymorphism between ASD and control subjects (A/G: for males OR = 1.11, 95% 0.59-2.06, p = 0.75; for females OR = 1.14, 95% 0.70-1.86, p = 0.76). However, the increased score in the overall CARS was significantly associated with the A allele of rs1799836 MAOB for females (OR = 2.31, 95% 1.06-5.04, p = 0.03). The obtained results suggest that the rs1799836 polymorphism of the MAOB gene may have little contribution to the development of ASDs but may be involved in pathways contributing to ASD symptom severity in females. Further large-scale investigations are required to uncover possible relationships between rs1799836 MAOB and ASD progression in a gender-specific manner and their possible application as a therapeutic target

Perfilyeva A.V., Bespalova K.B., Skvortsova L.A., Surdeanu A., Garshin A.A., Perfilyeva Y.V., Khamdiyeva O.K., Bekmanov B.O., Djansugurova L.B. Disease Markers, Volume 20192019 Article number 2846394. DOI

10.1155/2019/2846394

     234.      

A Study of the Accumulation Factor of the Daughter Products of Radon Decay in the Surface Layer Using Beta Spectrometry

DOI

10.1134/S106377881811008X

This research is devoted to studying the distribution and factor of accumulation of the beta activity of natural radionuclides in the soil surface layer in Almaty (Republic of Kazakhstan). Soil samples were collected during the period from April to May 2018 in different parts of the city of Almaty. A map of distribution of beta activity in Almaty was constructed on the basis of the results of measurements of beta spectra of soil samples. Soil was sampled according to the following procedure: the collected soil was dried overnight and crushed and its residual moisture and beta spectrum were then measured. The average exposure time of measurements was 90 min per spectrum. In addition to background beta particles generated by cosmic rays, the intensity of the beta spectrum is influenced by the existence of temporal variations in radon emanation and the radon activity in air can vary over the period of a day in a relatively wide range. As a result, the concentration of radon decay daughter products (RDDPs) on aerosols of air will affect the background of beta particles. Therefore, the background spectrum of beta particles was measured after measuring each soil sample. Therefore, RDDP radionuclides are generated in the surface layer of the atmosphere and in atmospheric precipitation on the basis of aerosol particles. In turn, radon atoms emanating from the lower soil layers coagulate with aerosol particles. The factor of accumulation of beta radionuclides of RDDPs depends on the chemical composition of the soil cover, as well as on meteorological conditions and the chemical properties of beta radionuclides themselves, which determine their ability to migrate and accumulate in the surface soil layer. The obtained integral values of beta radionuclides of RDDPs show a spatial fractal spread and correspond to the published data taking into account precipitation during the sampling period

Dyachkov V.V., Zaripova Y.A., Yushkov A.V., Shakirov A.L., Biyasheva Z.M., Bigeldiyeva M.T., Dyussebayeva K.S., Abramov K.E. Physics of Atomic Nuclei, Volume 81, Issue 10, Pages 1509–1514, 2018. DOI 10.1134/S106377881811008X

     235.      

Notch signaling defects in NK cells in patients with cancer

DOI

10.1007/s00262-020-02763-w

Altered expressions of proto-oncogenes have been reported during normal lymphocytes mitogenesis and in T and B lymphocytes in patients with autoimmune diseases. We have recently demonstrated a significantly decreased expression of c-kit and c-Myc in NK cells isolated from patients with cancer, which might be related to the functional deficiency of NK cells in the tumor environment. Here, focusing on the regulatory mechanisms of this new clinical phenomenon, we determined expression of c-Myc, Notch1, Notch2, p-53, Cdk6, Rb and phosphorylated Rb in NK cells isolated from the healthy donors and cancer patients. The results of our study revealed a significant down-regulation of expression of Notch receptors and up-regulation of Cdk6 expression in NK cells in cancer, while no significant changes in the expression of p53 and Rb proteins were seen. These data revealed novel signaling pathways altered in NK cells in the tumor environment and support further investigation of the origin of deregulated expression of proto-oncogenes in NK cells patients with different types of cancer

Zakiryanova G.K., Kustova E., Urazalieva N.T., Baimukhametov E.T., Makarov V.A., Turaly G.M., Shurin G.V., Biyasheva Z.M., Nakisbekov N.N., Shurin M.R. Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy Volume 70, Issue 4, Pages 981 – 988, 2021

DOI

10.1007/s00262-020-02763-w

     236.      

Ecogenetic monitoring of ionizing radiation for radon-hazardous territories

DOI

10.1051/e3sconf/202126502002

This work is devoted to studying the alpha activity distribution of natural radionuclides in boarding schools located near zones of tectonic faults. There are many tectonic faults in the Almaty and this is the basis for referring the southern capital of Kazakhstan to the radon-hazardous territories. As a result of radiometric measurements a 2D-topology of the alpha-radiation flux density distribution from the distance to the tectonic fault was found. Based on the measurements results the coefficient of radon concentration from the distance to the tectonic rupture was found. Using the obtained pattern, it is possible to plot the dependence of volumetric alpha activity for other schools, if their distances from the tectonic fault are known. In addition, interest in biomedical and ecogenetic effects of radon and its decay products has grown considerably in the last few years. These effects have been investigated in biotests on Drosophila's two systems. It was found that alpha-particles, with the help of which the situation in radon-hazardous territories was simulated, possess mutagenic influence manifested mainly in formation of morphoses or deformities

Biyasheva Z.a,Dyachkov V.a,Zaripova Y.aSend mail to Zaripova Y.,Shaizadinova A.a,Ikhsanova B.a,Medeubayeva A.a,Stvayeva A.

E3S Web of Conferences, Volume 2653, 2021 Article number 02002SPE Kuwait Oil and Gas Show and Conference 2019, KOGS 2019Mishref13 October 2019 through 16 October 2019Code 169566

DOI 10.1051/e3sconf/202126502002

     237.      

A New Prenylated Isoflavonoid from Limonium leptophyllum

DOI

10.1177/1934578X19844137

Phytochemical investigation of methanolic extract of Limonium leptophyllum (Plumbaginaceae), led to the isolation of 1 new isoflavonoid with a rare 5-membered dihydrofuran ring (1, leptoisoflavone A) and 8 known compounds. The known isolated compounds were identified as euchrenone b₉ (2), auriculasin (3), kaempferol (4), avicularoside (5), myrice-tin-3-arabinoside (6), trans-N-feruloyltyramine (7), trans-N-caffeoyltyramine (8), and β-sitosterol (9). The crude methanolic extract exhibited moderate activity toward endocannabinoid receptors. Auriculasin (3) showed activity toward cannabinoid receptor type 1 (86.7% displacement with IC₅₀ 8.92 μM)

Dizamatova A., Zhumanova K., Zhusupova G.E., Zhussupova A.I., Srivedavyasasri R., Ibrahim M.A.,
Ross S.A. Natural Product Communications, Volume 14, Issue 5, 2019. DOI 10.1177/1934578X19844137

     238.      

Plant extract of limonium gmelinii attenuates oxidative responses in neurons, astrocytes, and cerebral endothelial cells in vitro and improves motor functions of rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion

DOI

10.3390/antiox10111814

There are numerous publications demonstrating that plant polyphenols can reduce oxi-dative stress and inflammatory processes in the brain. In the present study we have investigated the neuroprotective effect of plant extract isolated from the roots of L. gmelinii since it contains a rich source of polyphenols and other biologically active compounds. We have applied an oxidative and inflammatory model induced by NMDA, H2O2, and TNF‐α in human primary neurons and astrocytes, and mouse cerebral endothelial cell (CECs) line in vitro. The levels of ROS generation, NADPH oxidase activation, P‐selectin expression, and activity of ERK1/2 were evaluated by quan-titative immunofluorescence analysis, confocal microscopy, and MAPK assay. In vivo, sensorimotor functions in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were assessed. In neurons NMDA induced overproduction of ROS, in astrocytes TNF‐α initiated ROS generation, NADPH oxidase activation, and phosphorylation of ERK1/2. In CECs, the exposure by TNF‐α induced oxidative stress and triggered the accumulation of P‐selectin on the surface of the cells. In turn, pre‐treatment of the cells with the extract of L. gmelinii suppressed oxidative stress in all cell types and pro‐inflam-matory responses in astrocytes and CECs. In vivo, the treatment with L. gmelinii extract improved motor activity in rats with MCAO

Nurkenov T., Tsoy A., Olzhayev F.

Abzhanova E., Turgambayeva A., Zhussupova A., Avula B., Ross S., Aituarova A., Kassymova D., Zhusupova G., Shalakhmetova T. Antioxidants Volume 10, Issue 11, 2021 Article number 1814. DOI 10.3390/antiox10111814

     239.      

Cryotherapy as a method for reducing the virus infection of apples (Malus sp.)

DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.10.093

There is an urgent need in Kazakhstan for virus-free nursery stock to reinvigorate the industry and preserve historic cultivars. An in vitro collection of apples could be used for virus testing and elimination and to provide virus-free elite stock plants to nurseries. Methods: Malus sieversii Ledeb. M. Roem. and Malus domestica Borkh. accessions were initiated in vitro for virus identification and elimination. Reverse transcription and multiplex PCR were used to test for five viruses. PVS2 vitrification was used as a tool for cryotherapy. Results: Four viruses, Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) and Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) were detected in 17 accessions. Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV) was not detected. ACLSV affected 53.8% of the accessions, ASPV 30.8%, ASGV 5.1%, and ApMV was found only in 'Aport Alexander'. Cryotherapy produced virus-free shoot tips for seven of nine cultivars tested. Six cultivars had 60-100% elimination of ACLSV. Conclusions: An in vitro collection of 59 accessions was established. Virus elimination using cryotherapy produced virus-free shoots for seven of nine cultivars and is a promising technique for developing a virus-free apple collection.

Romadanova N.V., Mishustina S.A., Gritsenko D.A., Omasheva M.Y., Galiakparov N.N., Reed B.M., Kushnarenko S.V. Cryotherapy as a method for reducing the virus infection of apples (Malus sp.) // Cryo Letters. London, 2016. – Vol. 37(1). – P 1-9. PMID: 26964019 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.10.093

     240.      

In vitro collection of Malus shoot cultures for cryogenic bank development in Kazakhstan

DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1113.40  

Initiation of shoot cultures from field-grown plants is often difficult due to the high level of bacterial and fungal organisms that populate trees. This study compared initiation techniques for apples. Shoots were forced from dormant bud wood in the laboratory or directly taken from the field as new growth in the spring. Fourteen promising apple cultivars, five clonal rootstocks (Malus × domestica Borkh.) and 10 wild Malus sieversii (Ledeb. M. Roem.) of Kazakhstan and foreign selections were introduced into culture. All shoots were treated with 0.1% HgCl 2 for 10 min. Cultures were initiated on liquid Murashige and Skoog medium containing 30 g/l of sucrose, 0.5 mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine, 0.01 mg/l of indole-3-butyric acid, 1 mg/l of gibberellic acid, and 1 mg/l of L-ascorbic acid, рН 5.7 for 2-4 weeks with daily transfers to fresh medium and then moved to solid MS medium for propagation. Cultures were indexed for bacteria and fungi using the 523 detection medium and any infected shoots were discarded. Shoot initiation from forced dormant vegetative buds varied from 22.3% to 82.3% with a mean of 55.0% for the 35 genotypes. Shoots collected from new growth under field conditions initiated clean shoots ranged from 5.1% to 44.8% with a mean of 18.4% for all genotypes. Shoot cultures were established from all of genotypes tested. Many of these genotypes have never been cultured before, so this study adds to the security of important Malus germplasm. These shoot cultures will be used for the creation of Kazakhstan's in vitro apple cryobank.

Romadanova N.V., Mishustina S.A., Matakova G.N., Kuhsnarenko S.V., Rakhimbaev I.R., Reed B.M. In vitro collection of Malus shoot cultures for cryogenic bank development in Kazakhstan // Acta Horticulturae, March 2016 – Vol. 1113. – Р. 271-277. DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1113.40

     241.      

Development of a common PVS2 vitrification method for cryopreservation of several fruit

DOI: 10.1007/s11627-017-9849

Many cryopreservation techniques are currently available, and it is common for new modifications to be developed for individual crops or specific genotypes. In this study, results of variations of the PVS2 cryopreservation protocol are compared to provide evidence for the suitability of a standard form of this technique for cryopreservation of a range of fruit, berry crops, and potato. Shoot cultures of Malus, Solanum, Lonicera, and Berberis were tested with variations of cold acclimation, pretreatment media, and PVS2 exposure times. A general protocol with some modifications was produced that was suitable for all four genera. The regenerative capacity of shoot tips after cryopreservation by this method exceeded a mean of 50% for Malus, Solanum, Lonicera, and Berberis, which is sufficient for setting storage in a cryobank. After liquid nitrogen storage, the shoot cultures that survived had a healthy appearance and developed rapidly. For each species tested, the only optimization required was the preparation of donor plants by cold acclimation and pretreatment. The choice of one common method simplifies the methodology for conducting experiments and storing a range of germplasm. The use of the PVS2 vitrification method with a 0.3-M sucrose pretreatment is multiuse and can be recommended as the most effective method for the cryopreservation of shoot tips from many plant species.

Romadanova N., Kushnarenko S., Karasholakova L. Development of a common PVS2 vitrification method for cryopreservation of several fruit // In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology. – 2017. – Vol. 53(4). – Р. 382-393. IF 1.024. DOI: 10.1007/s11627-017-9849-y.

     242.      

Combined ribavirin treatment and cryotherapy for efficient Potato virus M and Potato virus S eradication in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in vitro shoots

DOI 10.1007/s11627-017-9839-0

Potato germplasm held as field collections accumulate virus infections, making them unsuitable for distribution as planting stock. Elimination of these viruses from in vitro cultures provides healthy materials for germplasm distribution. An in vitro collection of 33 potato cultivars and hybrids was evaluated for five viruses: Potato leafroll virus (PLRV), Potato virus M (PVM), Potato virus S (PVS), Potato virus X (PVX), and Potato virus Y (PVY) by ELISA and RT-PCR. PLRV was not detected in any accessions. Seven accessions were singly infected by PVM, 15 were mix-infected by PVM and PVS, and four by PVM and PVY. One accession had both PVS and PVX, and one was mix-infected by PVM, PVS, and PVY. Two accessions were singly infected by PVY, and three were virus-free. Cryotherapy, chemotherapy, and a combination of both methods were tested on several potato accessions. For cryotherapy of shoot tips, the PVS2-vitrification protocol was used. Chemotherapy using prolonged culture with 100 mg L−1 ribavirin on PVM and PVS eradication was investigated both alone and combined with cryotherapy. Cryotherapy alone eliminated single PVM infection in 38.6% of shoot cultures, but totally virus-free shoots were not found in mix-infected accessions. Treatment with ribavirin alone was only effective for eliminating both PVM and PVS after three subcultures on ribavirin, or ribavirin followed by cryotherapy. Three subcultures on ribavirin followed by cryotherapy resulted in 100% virus-free potato shoots. Future studies will include cultivars infected with PVX and PVY. This is the first report of combined chemo- and cryotherapy for virus elimination in potato.

Kushnarenko SV, Romadanova NV, Aralbayeva MM, Zholamanova SZ, Alexandrova AM, Karpova O. Combined ribavirin treatment and cryotherapy for efficient Potato virus M and Potato virus S eradication in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in vitro shoots // In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant. – 2017. – Vol. 53(4). – Р. 425-432. DOI 10.1007/s11627-017-9839-0. 3

     243.      

Diagnosis of potato viruses in Kazakhstan: molecular characterisation of isolates

DOI: 10.11134/btp.1.2019.7

Virus infection is one of the reasons for the low potato yield in Kazakhstan. The combination of modern methods of germplasm improvement and effective virus diagnosis is the most successful measures to overcome potato viruses. Using ELISA and multiplex RT-PCR methods, potato leaf samples from the Almaty and Kostanay regions of Kazakhstan were analysed for the presence of the carlaviruses potato virus M and potato virus S, the potyvirus potato virus Y, the potexvirus potato virus X, and the polerovirus potato leaf roll virus (PVM, PVS, PVY, PVX, and PLRV, respectively). The potato virus spectrum has changed over the last twenty years, and presently carlavirusеs represent the most widespread genus. Of the leaf samples tested, 84.3% and 46.6% were infected by PVM and PVS, respectively, and co-infection by both viruses occurred. Multiplex RT-PCR assays were developed to detect the five potato viruses, and for two strains of PVS. Based on sequence analyses of the central region of the capsid protein, fourteen Kazakh PVS isolates were identified, of which eleven were classified as the 'ordinary' strain, and three as 'Andean' strains. Our findings confirmed the existence of divergent PVS strains with different origins present in Kazakhstan.

Karpova O.V., Alexandrova A.M., Nargilova R.M., Kryldakov R.V., Yekaterinskaya E.M., Romadanova N.V., Kushnarenko S.V., Iskakov B.K. Diagnosis of potato viruses in Kazakhstan: molecular characterisation of isolates // Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology. – 2019. – Vol. 1. P. 58-67. DOI: 10.11134/btp.1.2019.7

     244.      

Current state and in vitro conservation of the only endangered population of Corylus avellana in Kazakhstan

DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2020.106

European hazelnut (Corylus avellana) is an important temperate nut crop. Wild germplasm is of great importance for breeding programs to develop new varieties with resistance to biotic and abiotic factors. The only native population of C. avellana is registered in Western Kazakhstan; this species listed in the Red Book of the country. Therefore, the present investigation was conducted during 2018-2019 at the Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan with an aim to assess the state of this population and to collect nuts for in vitro preservation. During the expedition, trees, leaves, involucres, nuts, and kernels were characterized for 60 wild C. avellana accessions using 27 qualitative and quantitative standard descriptors following Biodiversity International guidelines. The study revealed an unsatisfactory state of C. avellana population. Of particular concern is the lack of natural seed propagation in the population. Most of the accessions (70.0%) lacked nut bearing, and 30.0% had only sporadic nuts. A high degree of damage by pests and diseases was recorded. The few seeds collected from 18 nut bearing trees were introduced into in vitro culture as excised embryonic axes. In 16.7% of the excised embryonic axes, necrosis and darkening of the tissues were observed. In vitro shoots obtained from 83.3% embryonic axes were indexed for endophyte contamination on the 523 detections medium and in vitro collection of aseptic shoot culture was established. These accessions from Kazakhstan have never been cultured before, so this study contributes to the preservation of important Corylus genetic resources.

Kushnarenko S.V., Romadanova N.V., Aralbayeva M.M. Current state and in vitro conservation of the only endangered population of Corylus avellana in Kazakhstan // Res. on Crops. – 2020. – Vol. 21 (4). – P. 681-686. IF 0.413 DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2020.106

     245.      

Chemotherapy of in vitro apple shoots as a method of viruses eradication

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26577/ijbch.2021.v14.i1.04

The article presents the results on the viruses eradication from in vitro shoots of varieties and clonal rootstocks of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) using chemotherapy and obtaining healthy super-elite planting stocks. Ribavirin at concentrations of 75 and 100 mg/L caused severe in vitro shoot necrosis. Three subcultures on Murashige-Skoog medium with 50 mg/L ribavirin was efficient for elimination of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), and Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) from in vitro shots of Malus varieties and clonal rootstocks. A virus-free in vitro collection (42 accessions) was established, which was used for create a cryobank of shoot tips at -196°C and to obtain virus-free planting stocks. The percentage of in vitro shoots rooting ranged from 50% to 90%. The survival rate of in vitro shoots rooted in the soil substrate is more than 90%.

Romadanova N.V., Tolegen A.B., Koken T.E., Nurmanov M.M., Kushnarenko S.V. Chemotherapy of in vitro apple shoots as a method of viruses eradication // International Journal of Biology and Chemistry. – 2021. – Vol. 14, № 1. – P. 48-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26577/ijbch.2021.v14.i1.04

     246.      

Hiv-1 tat activates akt/mtorc1 pathway and aicda expression by downregulating its transcriptional inhibitors in b cells

DOI

10.3390/ijms22041588

HIV-1 infects T cells, but the most frequent AIDS-related lymphomas are of B-cell origin. Molecular mechanisms of HIV-1-induced oncogenic transformation of B cells remain largely unknown. HIV-1 Tat protein may participate in this process by penetrating and regulating gene expression in B cells. Both immune and cancer cells can reprogram communications between extracellular signals and intracellular signaling pathways via the Akt/mTORC1 pathway, which plays a key role in the cellular response to various stimuli including viral infection. Here, we investigated the role of HIV-1 Tat on the modulation of the Akt/mTORC1 pathway in B cells. We found that HIV-1 Tat activated the Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway; this leads to aberrant activation of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AICDA) due to inhibition of the AICDA transcriptional repressors c-Myb and E2F8. These perturbations may ultimately lead to an increased genomic instability and proliferation that might cause B cell malignancies

Akbay B.a, bSend mail to Akbay B.,Germini D.aSend mail to Germini D.,Bissenbaev A.K.b, cSend mail to Bissenbaev A.K.,Musinova Y.R.d, eSend mail to Musinova Y.R.,Sheval E.V.eSend mail to Sheval E.V.,Vassetzky Y.a, dSend mail to Vassetzky Y.,Dokudovskaya S. International Journal of Molecular SciencesOpen AccessVolume 22, Issue 4, Pages 1 - 12February 2021 Article number 1588 DOI 10.3390/ijms22041588

     247.      

A polyclonal antibody against a recombinantly expressed Triticum aestivum RHT-D1A protein

DOI

10.1186/s43141-020-00072-4

Background: Reduced height-1 dwarfing alleles affect DELLA proteins belonging to a family of putative transcriptional regulators that modulate plant growth and development. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes five DELLA proteins, whereas monocot plants, such as rice, barley, and wheat, each have a single DELLA protein. In wheat, wild-type Rht-B1a and Rht-D1a genes encode DELLA proteins and have many alleles that contain lesions. Among them, Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b are the most common mutant dwarfing alleles, which have played a key part in the creation of high-yielding wheat varieties. Despite their fundamental roles in plant biology, until now, DELLA proteins in wheat have been mainly researched regarding the phenotypic effect of defective Rht mutants on yield-related traits, without studies on the underlying mechanisms. The RHT-1 protein has yet to be detected in wheat tissues, owing to a lack of appropriate molecular tools for characterization of RHT function and protein interactions in signal transduction. This study is focused on the production of a polyclonal antibody to the wheat RHT-D1A protein. Results: To generate the anti-RHT-D1A antibody, we expressed and purified soluble 6xHis-tagged RHT-D1A. The purified recombinant RHT-D1A was injected into New Zealand white rabbits to generate polyclonal antiserum. The polyclonal anti-RHT-D1A antibody was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by affinity chromatography on protein A–agarose beads. The purified polyclonal antibody was demonstrated to be effective in immunoblotting, western blot hybridization, and immunoprecipitation. In wheat seedling extracts, the polyclonal antibody recognized a protein with a molecular mass close to the predicted molecular weight of the endogenous RHT-D1A protein. We also demonstrated that RHT-D1A disappears in response to exogenous and endogenous gibberellic acid. Conclusion: The purified polyclonal antibody raised against the recombinant RHT-D1A protein is sufficiently specific and sensitive and could be a useful tool for future insights into upstream and downstream components of DELLA-regulatory mechanisms in wheat plants

Smekenov I., Alybayev S., Ayupov T., Rakhmatullaeva G., Bissenbaev A.

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Volume 18, Issue 11, 2020 Article number 52

DOI 10.1186/s43141-020-00072-4

     248.      

The Arabidopsis thaliana Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerases 1 and 2 Modify DNA by ADP-Ribosylating Terminal Phosphate Residues

DOI

10.3389/fcell.2020.606596

Proteins from the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family, such as PARP1 and PARP2, use NAD+ as a substrate to catalyze the synthesis of polymeric chains consisting of ADP-ribose units covalently attached to an acceptor molecule. PARP1 and PARP2 are viewed as DNA damage sensors that, upon binding to strand breaks, poly(ADP-ribosyl)ate themselves and nuclear acceptor proteins. The flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana contains three genes encoding homologs of mammalian PARPs: atPARP1, atPARP2, and atPARP3. Both atPARP1 and atPARP2 contain poly(ADP-ribosyl)ating activity; however, it is unknown whether they could covalently modify DNA by ADP-ribosylating the strand break termini. Here, we report that similar to their mammalian counterparts, the plant atPARP1 and atPARP2 proteins ADP-ribosylate 5′-terminal phosphate residues in duplex DNA oligonucleotides and plasmid containing at least two closely spaced DNA strand breaks. AtPARP1 preferentially catalyzes covalent attachment of ADP-ribose units to the ends of recessed DNA duplexes containing 5′-phosphate, whereas atPARP2 preferentially ADP-ribosylates the nicked and gapped DNA duplexes containing the terminal 5′-phosphate. Similar to their mammalian counterparts, the plant PARP-catalyzed DNA ADP-ribosylation is particularly sensitive to the distance that separates two strand breaks in the same DNA molecule, 1.5 and 1 or 2 turns of helix for atPARP1 and atPARP2, respectively. PAR glycohydrolase (PARG) restored native DNA structure by hydrolyzing the PAR–DNA adducts generated by atPARPs. Biochemical and mass spectrometry analyses of the PAR–DNA adducts showed that atPARPs utilize phosphorylated DNA termini as an alternative to protein acceptor residues to catalyze PAR chain synthesis via phosphodiester bond formation between C1′ of ADP-ribose and a phosphate residue of the terminal nucleotide in DNA fragment. Taken together, these data establish the presence of a new type of DNA-modifying activity in Arabidopsis PARPs, suggesting a possible role of DNA ADP-ribosylation in DNA damage signaling and repair of terrestrial plants

Taipakova S., Kuanbay A., Saint-Pierre C., Gasparutto D., Baiken Y., Groisman R., Ishchenko A.A., Saparbaev M., Bissenbaev A.K. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Volume 826, 2020 Article number 606596

DOI 10.3389/fcell.2020.606596

     249.      

Wheat Germination Is Dependent on Plant Target of Rapamycin Signaling

DOI 10.3389/fcell.2020.606685

Germination is a process of seed sprouting that facilitates embryo growth. The breakdown of reserved starch in the endosperm into simple sugars is essential for seed germination and subsequent seedling growth. At the early stage of germination, gibberellic acid (GA) activates transcription factor GAMYB to promote de novo synthesis of isoforms of α-amylase in the aleurone layer and scutellar epithelium of the embryo. Here, we demonstrate that wheat germination is regulated by plant target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling. TOR is a central component of the essential-nutrient–dependent pathway controlling cell growth in all eukaryotes. It is known that rapamycin, a highly specific allosteric inhibitor of TOR, is effective in yeast and animal cells but ineffective in most of higher plants likely owing to structural differences in ubiquitous rapamycin receptor FKBP12. The action of rapamycin on wheat growth has not been studied. Our data show that rapamycin inhibits germination of wheat seeds and of their isolated embryos in a dose-dependent manner. The involvement of Triticum aestivum TOR (TaTOR) in wheat germination was consistent with the suppression of wheat embryo growth by specific inhibitors of the TOR kinase: pp242 or torin1. Rapamycin or torin1 interfered with GA function in germination because of a potent inhibitory effect on α-amylase and GAMYB gene expression. The TOR inhibitors selectively targeted the GA-dependent gene expression, whereas expression of the abscisic acid-dependent ABI5 gene was not affected by either rapamycin or torin1. To determine whether the TaTOR kinase activation takes place during wheat germination, we examined phosphorylation of a ribosomal protein, T. aestivum S6 kinase 1 (TaS6K1; a substrate of TOR). The phosphorylation of serine 467 (S467) in a hydrophobic motif on TaS6K1 was induced in a process of germination triggered by GA. Moreover, the germination-induced phosphorylation of TaS6K1 on S467 was dependent on TaTOR and was inhibited by rapamycin or torin1. Besides, a gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitor (paclobutrazol; PBZ) blocked not only α-amylase gene expression but also TaS6K1 phosphorylation in wheat embryos. Thus, a hormonal action of GA turns on the synthesis of α-amylase in wheat germination via activation of the TaTOR–S6K1 signaling pathway

Smailov B., Alybayev S., Smekenov I., Mursalimov A., Saparbaev M., Sarbassov D., Bissenbaev A. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Volume 823, 2020 Article number 606685 DOI 10.3389/fcell.2020.606685

     250.      

Heterologous secretory expression of β-glucosidase from Thermoascus aurantiacus in industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains

DOI

10.1007/s42770-019-00192-1

The use of plant biomass for biofuel production will require efficient utilization of the sugars in lignocellulose, primarily cellobiose, because it is the major soluble by-product of cellulose and acts as a strong inhibitor, especially for cellobiohydrolase, which plays a key role in cellulose hydrolysis. Commonly used ethanologenic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is unable to utilize cellobiose; accordingly, genetic engineering efforts have been made to transfer β-glucosidase genes enabling cellobiose utilization. Nonetheless, laboratory yeast strains have been employed for most of this research, and such strains may be difficult to use in industrial processes because of their generally weaker resistance to stressors and worse fermenting abilities. The purpose of this study was to engineer industrial yeast strains to ferment cellobiose after stable integration of tabgl1 gene that encodes a β-glucosidase from Thermoascus aurantiacus (TaBgl1). The recombinant S. cerevisiae strains obtained in this study secrete TaBgl1, which can hydrolyze cellobiose and produce ethanol. This study clearly indicates that the extent of glycosylation of secreted TaBgl1 depends from the yeast strains used and is greatly influenced by carbon sources (cellobiose or glucose). The recombinant yeast strains showed high osmotolerance and resistance to various concentrations of ethanol and furfural and to high temperatures. Therefore, these yeast strains are suitable for ethanol production processes with saccharified lignocellulose

Smekenov I., Bakhtambayeva M., Bissenbayev K., Saparbayev M., Taipakova S., Bissenbaev A.K. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, Volume 51, Issue 1, Pages 107 – 123, 2020 DOI

10.1007/s42770-019-00192-1

     251.      

Mechanism of stimulation of DNA binding of the transcription factors by human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1, APE1

DOI 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102698

Aerobic respiration generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. A number of transcription factors (TFs) contain redox-sensitive cysteine residues at their DNA-binding sites, hence ROS-induced thiol oxidation strongly inhibits their recognition of the cognate DNA sequences. Major human apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease 1 (APE1/APEX1/HAP-1), referred also as a redox factor 1 (Ref-1), stimulates the DNA binding activities of the oxidized TFs such as AP-1 and NF-κB. Also, APE1 participates in the base excision repair (BER) and nucleotide incision repair (NIR) pathways to remove oxidative DNA base damage. At present, the molecular mechanism underlying the TF-stimulating/redox function of APE1 and its biological role remains disputed. Here, we provide evidence that, instead of direct cysteine reduction in TFs by APE1, APE1-catalyzed NIR and TF-stimulating activities may be based on transient cooperative binding of APE1 to DNA and induction of conformational changes in the helix. The structure of DNA duplex strongly influences NIR and TF-stimulating activities. Homologous plant AP endonucleases lacking conserved cysteine residues stimulate DNA binding of the p50 subunit of NF-κB. APE1 acts synergistically with low-molecular-weight reducing agents on TFs. Finally, APE1 stimulates DNA binding of the redox-insensitive p50-C62S mutant protein. Electron microscopy imaging of APE1 complexes with DNA revealed preferential polymerization of APE1 on the gapped and intrinsically curved DNA duplexes. Molecular modeling offers a structural explanation how full-length APE1 can oligomerize on DNA. In conclusion, we propose that DNA-directed APE1 oligomerization can be regarded as a substitute for diffusion of APE1 along the DNA contour to probe for anisotropic flexibility. APE1 oligomers exacerbate pre-existing distortions in DNA and enable both NIR activity and DNA binding by TFs regardless of their oxidation state

Bazlekowa-Karaban M., Prorok P., Baconnais S., Taipakova S., Akishev Z., Zembrzuska D., Popov A.V., Endutkin A.V., Groisman R., Ishchenko A.A., Matkarimov B.T., Bissenbaev A. DNA Repair, Volume 82, 2019 Article number 102698. DOI 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102698

     252.      

Aberrant repair initiated by the adenine-DNA glycosylase does not play a role in UV-induced mutagenesis in Escherichia coli

DOI 10.7717/peerj.6029

Background: DNA repair is essential to counteract damage to DNA induced by endo- and exogenous factors, to maintain genome stability. However, challenges to the faithful discrimination between damaged and non-damaged DNA strands do exist, such as mismatched pairs between two regular bases resulting from spontaneous deamination of 5-methylcytosine or DNA polymerase errors during replication. To counteract these mutagenic threats to genome stability, cells evolved the mismatch-specific DNA glycosylases that can recognize and remove regular DNA bases in the mismatched DNA duplexes. The Escherichia coli adenine-DNA glycosylase (MutY/MicA) protects cells against oxidative stress-induced mutagenesis by removing adenine which is mispaired with 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8oxoG) in the base excision repair pathway. However, MutY does not discriminate between template and newly synthesized DNA strands. Therefore the ability to remove A from 8oxoG•A mispair, which is generated via misincorporation of an 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine-5′-triphosphate precursor during DNA replication and in which A is the template base, can induce A•T/C•G transversions. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that human MUTYH, homologous to the bacterial MutY, might be involved in the aberrant processing of ultraviolet (UV) induced DNA damage. Methods: Here, we investigated the role of MutY in UV-induced mutagenesis in E. coli. MutY was probed on DNA duplexes containing cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and pyrimidine (6–4) pyrimidone photoproduct (6–4PP). UV irradiation of E. coli induces Save Our Souls (SOS) response characterized by increased production of DNA repair enzymes and mutagenesis. To study the role of MutY in vivo, the mutation frequencies to rifampicin-resistant (RifR) after UV irradiation of wild type and mutant E. coli strains were measured. Results: We demonstrated that MutY does not excise Adenine when it is paired with CPD and 6–4PP adducts in duplex DNA. At the same time, MutY excises Adenine in A•G and A•8oxoG mispairs. Interestingly, E. coli mutY strains, which have elevated spontaneous mutation rate, exhibited low mutational induction after UV exposure as compared to MutY-proficient strains. However, sequence analysis of RifR mutants revealed that the frequencies of C/T transitions dramatically increased after UV irradiation in both MutY-proficient and -deficient E. coli strains. Discussion: These findings indicate that the bacterial MutY is not involved in the aberrant DNA repair of UV-induced DNA damage

Zutterling C., Mursalimov A., Talhaoui I., Koshenov Z., Akishev Z., Bissenbaev A.K., Mazon G., Geacintov N.E., Gasparutto D., Groisman R., Zharkov D.O., Matkarimov B.T. PeerJ, Volume 2018, Issue 122018 Article number e6029. DOI 10.7717/peerj.6029

     253.      

The major Arabidopsis thaliana apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease, ARP is involved in the plant nucleotide incision repair pathway

DOI 10.1016/j.dnarep.2016.10.009

Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases are important DNA repair enzymes involved in two overlapping pathways: DNA glycosylase-initiated base excision (BER) and AP endonuclease-initiated nucleotide incision repair (NIR). In the BER pathway, AP endonucleases cleave DNA at AP sites and 3'-blocking moieties generated by DNA glycosylases, whereas in NIR, the same AP endonucleases incise DNA 5' to a wide variety of oxidized bases. The flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana contains three genes encoding homologues of major human AP endonuclease 1 (APE1): Arp, Ape1L and Ape2. It has been shown that all three proteins contain AP site cleavage and 3'-repair phosphodiesterase activities; however, it was not known whether the plant AP endonucleases contain the NIR activity. Here, we report that ARP proteins from Arabidopsis and common wheat (Triticum aestivum) contain NIR and 3' → 5' exonuclease activities in addition to their AP endonuclease and 3'-repair phosphodiesterase functions. The steady-state kinetic parameters of reactions indicate that Arabidopsis ARP cleaves oligonucleotide duplexes containing α-anomeric 2'-deoxyadenosine (αdA) and 5,6-dihydrouridine (DHU) with efficiencies (kcat/KM = 134 and 7.3 μM−1·min−1, respectively) comparable to those of the human counterpart. However, the ARP-catalyzed 3'-repair phosphodiesterase and 3' → 5' exonuclease activities (kcat/KM = 314 and 34 μM−1·min−1, respectively) were about 10-fold less efficient as compared to those of APE1. Interestingly, homozygous A. thaliana arp–/– mutant exhibited high sensitivity to methyl methanesulfonate and tert-butyl hydroperoxide, but not to H2O2, suggesting that ARP is a major plant AP endonuclease that removes abasic sites and specific types of oxidative DNA base damage. Taken together, these data establish the presence of the NIR pathway in plants and suggest its possible role in the repair of DNA damage generated by oxidative stress

Akishev Z., Taipakova S., Joldybayeva B., Zutterling C., Smekenov I., Ishchenko A.A., Zharkov D.O., Bissenbaev A.K., Saparbaev M. DNA RepairVolume 48, Pages 30 – 421, 2016. DOI 10.1016/j.dnarep.2016.10.009

     254.      

Structural comparison of AP endonucleases from the exonuclease III family reveals new amino acid residues in human AP endonuclease 1 that are involved in incision of damaged DNA

DOI

10.1016/j.biochi.2016.06.011

Oxidatively damaged DNA bases are substrates for two overlapping repair pathways: DNA glycosylase-initiated base excision repair (BER) and apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease-initiated nucleotide incision repair (NIR). In the BER pathway, an AP endonuclease cleaves DNA at AP sites and 3′-blocking moieties generated by DNA glycosylases, whereas in the NIR pathway, the same AP endonuclease incises DNA 5′ to an oxidized base. The majority of characterized AP endonucleases possess classic BER activities, and approximately a half of them can also have a NIR activity. At present, the molecular mechanism underlying DNA substrate specificity of AP endonucleases remains unclear mainly due to the absence of a published structure of the enzyme in complex with a damaged base. To identify critical residues involved in the NIR function, we performed biochemical and structural characterization of Bacillus subtilis AP endonuclease ExoA and compared its crystal structure with the structures of other AP endonucleases: Escherichia coli exonuclease III (Xth), human APE1, and archaeal Mth212. We found conserved amino acid residues in the NIR-specific enzymes APE1, Mth212, and ExoA. Four of these positions were studied by means of point mutations in APE1: we applied substitution with the corresponding residue found in NIR-deficient E. coli Xth (Y128H, N174Q, G231S, and T268D). The APE1-T268D mutant showed a drastically decreased NIR activity and an inverted Mg²⁺ dependence of the AP site cleavage activity, which is in line with the presence of an aspartic residue at the equivalent position among other known NIR-deficient AP endonucleases. Taken together, these data show that NIR is an evolutionarily conserved function in the Xth family of AP endonucleases

Redrejo-Rodríguez M., Vigouroux A., Mursalimov A., Grin I., Alili D., Koshenov Z., Akishev Z., Maksimenko A., Bissenbaev A.K., Matkarimov B.T., Saparbaev M., Ishchenko A.A. Biochimie, Volume 128-129, Pages 20 – 33, 2016. DOI 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.06.011

     255.      

The influence of abiotic stress factors on the morphophysiological and phytochemical aspects of the acclimation of the plant Rhodiola semenowii Boriss.

DOI: 10.3390/plants10061196 (IF=3,935; Q1 in Ecology, Plant Science).

ABSTRACT :

Plants of the Crassulaceae family are natural accumulators of many medicinal secondary metabolites (SM). This article describes the study of morphophysiological, anatomic and phytochemical responses of immature plants of Rhodiolla semenovii under water deficit and (or) cold-stress conditions. Changes in biomass production due to water content in plant tissues such as a decrease in water deficit and an increase in cold stress were revealed. A significant decrease in the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus under stress conditions was noted, based on the parameters quantum efficiency of Photosystem II and electron transport rate and energy dissipated in Photosystem II. The greatest decrease in efficiency was pointed out in conditions of water shortage. The anatomical modulations of root and shoot of R. semenovii under stress conditions were found. For the first time, a detailed study of the chemical composition of the ethanol extract of root and shoot of R. semenovii under stress was carried out using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The qualitative and quantitative composition of SM associated with acclimation to the effects of abiotic stresses was determined. Both nonspecific and specific phytochemical changes caused by the action of water deficiency and cold treatment were identified. It has been shown that the antioxidant system in plant tissues is complex, multicomponent, depending on a number of natural and climatic factors. Further research should be focused on the use of abiotic stressors for the targeted synthesis of bioactive SMs valuable for pharmaceutical use. 

Terletskaya N.V., Korbozova N.K., Kudrina N.O., Kobylina T.N., Kurmanbayeva M.S., Meduntseva N.D., Tolstikova T.G. The Influence of Abiotic Stress Factors on the Morphophysiological and Phytochemical Aspects of the Acclimation of the Plant Rhodiola semenowii Boriss // Plants – 2021. – 10, 1196. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061196

     256.      

Photosynthetic activity of triticum dicoccum × triticum aestivum alloplasmic lines during vegetation in connection with productivity traits under varying moister conditions

 DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.003 (IF=2,562; Q1 in Plant Science).

Drought is a key stressor under global climate change conditions around the world. Triticum dicoccum Shuebl is a species with high potential drought tolerance. Photosynthesis is the primary physiological process affected by water deficit. Rapid light curves (RLCs), recorded using PAM-fluorometers, appear suitable for drought tolerance determination in breeding material. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters at different vegetation stages, morphophysiological traits, and their relationship with the productivity were analyzed in nine alloplasmic lines (allolines) of T. dicoccum Shuebl × T. aestivum L. partially exposed to drought conditions. Quantum yield parameters at the beginning of RLC at the early vegetation stages correlated with the productivity of investigated lines. Parameters related to photosynthetic capacity had a stronger correlation with the productivity at the stages of subflag and flag formation. For drought tolerance screening, quantum yield of nonorganized energy passive dissipation is particularly promising. Chlorophyll fluorescence and productivity data confirm the potential of the presented breeding strategy in allolines D-d-05 and D-d-05b.

Terletskaya N.V., Stupko V.Yu., Altayeva N.A., Kudrna N.O,, Blavachinskaya I.V.N.A.,  Kurmanbayeva, M.S., Erezhetova, U.

Photosynthetic activity of triticum dicoccum × triticum aestivum alloplasmic lines during vegetation in connection with productivity traits under varying moister conditions //Photosynthetica, 2021, 59(1), стр. 74–83. https://doi.org/10.32615/ps.2021.003

     257.      

Some Mechanisms Modulating the Root Growth of Various Wheat Species under Osmotic-Stress Conditions

DOI: 10.3390/plants9111545 (IF=3,935; Q1 in Ecology, Plant Science).

The role of the root in water supply and plant viability is especially important if plants are subjected to stress at the juvenile stage. This article describes the study of morphophysiological and cytological responses, as well as elements of the anatomical structure of primary roots of three wheat species, Triticum monococcum L., Triticum dicoccum Shuebl., and Triticum aestivum L., to osmotic stress. It was shown that the degree of plasticity of root morphology in water deficit affected the growth and development of aboveground organs. It was found that in conditions of osmotic stress, the anatomical root modulations were species-specific. In control conditions the increase in absolute values of root diameter was reduced with the increase in the ploidy of wheat species. Species-specific cytological responses to water deficit of apical meristem cells were also shown. The development of plasmolysis, interpreted as a symptom of reduced viability apical meristem cells, was revealed. A significant increase in enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase under osmotic stress was found to be one of the mechanisms that could facilitate root elongation in adverse conditions. The tetraploid species T. dicoccum Shuebl. were confirmed as a source of traits of drought tolerant primary root system for crosses with wheat cultivars. 

Terletskaya N.V., Lee T.E., Altayeva N.A. Kudrina N.O., Blavachinskaya I.V., Erezhetova U. Some mechanisms modulating the root growth of various wheat species under osmotic-stress conditions // Plants, 2020, 9(11), стр. 1–14, 1545. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111545

     258.      

Drought stress tolerance and photosynthetic activity of alloplasmic lines T. dicoccum x T. aestivum

DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093356 (IF=5,923; Q1 in Plant Science).

Tetraploid species T. dicoccum Shuebl is a potential source of drought tolerance for cultivated wheat, including common wheat. This paper describes the genotyping of nine stable allolines isolated in the offspring from crossing of T. dicoccum x T. aestivum L. using 21 microsatellite (simple sequence repeats-SSR) markers and two cytoplasmic mitochondrial markers to orf256, rps19-p genes; evaluation of drought tolerance of allolines at different stages of ontogenesis (growth parameters, relative water content, quantum efficiency of Photosystem II, electron transport rate, energy dissipated in Photosystem II); and the study of drought tolerance regulator gene Dreb-1 with allele-specific PCR (AS-MARKER) and partial sequence analysis. Most allolines differ in genomic composition and T. dicoccum introgressions. Four allolines-D-b-05, D-d-05, D-d-05b, and D-41-05-revealed signs of drought tolerance of varying degrees. The more drought tolerant D-41-05 line was also characterized by Dreb-B1 allele introgression from T. dicoccum. A number of non-specific patterns and significant differences in allolines in regulation of physiological parameters in drought conditions is identified. Changes in photosynthetic activity in stress-drought are shown to reflect the level of drought tolerance of the forms studied. The contribution of different combinations of nuclear/cytoplasmic genome and alleles of Dreb-1 gene in allolines to the formation of stress tolerance and photosynthetic activity is discussed.

Terletskaya, N.V., Shcherban, A.B., Nesterov, M.A., Perfil'ev R.N., Salina E.A., .Altayeva, N.A., Blavachinskaya, I.V. Drought stress tolerance and photosynthetic activity of alloplasmic lines t. Dicoccum x t. aestivum // International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020, 21(9), 3356.

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093356.

     259.      

Architectural traits in response to salinity of wheat primary roots

DOI: 10.1007/s11738-019-2948-0 (IF=2,28; Q2 in Agronomy and Crop Science).

This article provides a study on morphological and anatomical changes during post-embryonic development of roots in plants under saline stress. The influence of salinity on the architecture of root related to the species-specificity of wheat plants is shown. The important roles of thickness of the epiblema and length of root hairs, the thickness of the endoderm and the diameter of the central cylinder under salt stress appear worthy of note. It is shown that both the water content of roots cells and its chromosomal apparatus are affected by salt stress. In addition to a very strong plasmolysis, the compression and fragmentation of the nuclei were noted, which resulted into their destruction and cell death. On the basis of all considered parameters the studied species can be arranged in the following according their resistance to salinity: T. polonicum < T. compactum < T. aestivum < T. dicoccum. This is confirmed by the data of ion balance of Na⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺ in primary roots of different wheat species.

Terletskaya, N., Duisenbayeva, U., Rysbekova, A., Kurmanbayeva, M., Blavachinskaya, I. Architectural traits in response to salinity of wheat primary roots // Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2019, 41(9), 157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-019-2948-0

     260.      

Change in leaf anatomical parameters of seedlings of different wheat species under conditions of drought and salt stress

IF=0,972; Q3 in Plant Science.

There were studied the anatomic parameters of leaves of 10-day-old seedlings of 7 different species of wheat after 72 hours of drought or salt stress and identified key areas of adaptation juvenile leaf tissue to adverse environmental factors. To detect differences between species and between groups of species differing in ploidy level there were identified anatomical features of the structure of each of the leaves of the studied species, grown under normal conditions and under the action of osmotic and salt stress. There were studied anatomical parameters of inner and external surface of the leaf. It was revealed that osmotic stress has an impact on the studied parameters of leaves of all the studied species. Analyzing the data, we can speak of a high adaptive capacity of tetraploid wheat species T. dicoccum Shuebl., T. polonicum L. and T. aethiopicum Jakubz. virtually all considered the anatomical parameters of the leaves. The results of this study show that indicators such as the increase in stress dimensions of protective and mechanical tissue and the mesophyll appear to be good criteria for selection of stress resistant forms of wheat.

Terletskaya, N., Kurmanbayeva, M. Change in leaf anatomical parameters of seedlings of different wheat species under conditions of drought and salt stress // Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2017, 49(3), стр. 857–865.

     261.      

Growth and photosynthetic reactions of different species of wheat seedlings under drought and salt stress

DOI: 10.18054/pb.v119i1.4408 (IF=0,24; Q3 in Agricultural and Biological Science).

Background and Purpose: Comprehension of how the different representatives of the tribe Triticeae tolerate to abiotic stresses is essential for the discovery of new resistance sources and therefore for the development of breeding and genetic researches in stress resistance improvement of such important crops as wheat. The aim of the study was to identify growth reactions and associated changes in the photosynthetic apparatus of different wheat species in response to drought and salt stress.

Materials and Methods The changes of seedlings growth parameters of 6 wheat species under the influence of the drought and salt stress under laboratory conditions were investigated. Content chlorophyll a and b was determined. The fluorescence quantum yield of photosystem II and electron transport rate through the photosystem II (ETR) was studied.

Results: The relationship between changes in growth activity of seedlings of different wheat species under abiotic stresses and the work of the photosynthetic apparatus was showed. The tetraploid species T. dicoccum Schuebl. and T. aethiopicum Jakubz. were marked because they possess the most stable root system development indicators and a relatively high photosynthetic activity under stress.

Conclusions: The results of this research are very promising. They showed a variety of evolutionarily developed physiological mechanisms of protection from the effects of abiotic stresses. They allowed identifying the species as possessing the most stable indicators of growth and a relatively high photosynthetic activity under drought and salt stress. These species can be recommended as salinity and drought tolerance sources for interspecific crosses for different genetic programs.

Terletskaya, N., Zobova, N., Stupko, V., Shuyskaya, E. Growth and photosynthetic reactions of different species of wheat seedlings under drought and salt stress // Periodicum Biologorum, 2017, 119(1), стр. 37–50. https://doi.org/10.18054/pb.v119i1.4408

     262.      

Investigation of Nanohydrophobic Sand as an Insulating Layer for Cultivation of Plants in Soils Contaminated with Heavy Metals

DOI: 10.18321/ectj507

(CiteScore (2017) – 0.3, P35, SJR 2020 - 0.227, SNIP 2020 - 0.606) (индекс Хирша 2) (Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal – CiteScore: 1.3, Рercentile: 35)

https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj507

ABSTRACT:

The paper presents the results of laboratory experiments to test hydrophobic sand, on the basis of soot as an insulating for growing plants-hyperaccumulators heavy metals ‒ amaranth (Amaranthus paniculatus) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) plants. For the first time in agriculture hydrophobic sand was used for the irrigation of water-saving experiments for growing palms in arid areas of the UAE. The hydrophobic sand was obtained from normal beach sand, which is covered by small particles of pure silica, pretreated pairs trimethylhydroxysilane, (CH3)3SiOH. After this treatment, the outer shell grains saturated groups of compounds insoluble in water, sand and exposes hydrophobic properties. Thus obtained nanohydrophobic sand is considered to be physiologically safe for plants and supplied by the manufacturer with 30-year warranty of the hydrophobic effect. In our experiments we used the conventional washed river sand, as adhesive bases used polyurethane glue SD-600 is dissolved in ethyl acetate. The sand thus obtained is added 1% superhydrophobic soot. The sand is obtained by using carbon black becomes hydrophobic properties, does not transmit moisture, it has virtually no adverse effect on plant growth. To test hydrophobic sand used plastic pots (volume 1 l). The lower layer of the moistened soil-ground containing various concentrations of heavy metals (TM), the next separation layer ‒ nanohydrophobic sand, and the top layer ‒ a layer of fertile soil enriched vermicompost for growing plants. When watering plants nanohydrophobic sand layer retains water and prevents migration of TM (Zn, Cd, Cu) of the lower contaminated layer to the upper, the mold.

Myrzabaeva M., Insepov Z., Boguspaev K.K., Faleev D.G., Nazhipkyzy M., Lesbayev B.T., Mansurov Z.A. Investigation of Nanohydrophobic Sand as an Insulating Layer for Cultivation of Plants in Soils Contaminated with Heavy Metals // Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal – 2017. - №19. - P. 91-98.

DOI: 10.18321/ectj507

https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj507

     263.      

Rapid rubber extraction and nmr spectroscopy of rubber extracted frоm the endemic species Sсоrzоnеrа tau-saghyz.

DOI: 10.18321/ectj931

(CiteScore (2020) – 1.3, P35, SJR 2020 - 0.227, SNIP 2020 - 0.606)

(Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal – CiteScore: 1.3, Рercentile: 35)

(индекс Хирша 1)

https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj931

ABSTRACT:

Scorzonera tau-saghyz Lipsch. et G.G. Bosse is an endemic rubber producing plant, growing in mountain regions in South Kazakhstan. The rubber content in plants and the quality of biopolymer has an important impact on industrial rubber production. The results of this study showed that the amount of rubber in S. tau-saghyz roots fluctuates between 7.74% and 38.75%. The amount of synthesized and deposited rubber biopolymer particles depends on various factors such as physiological age of plant, origin, temperature, moisture and environmental conditions. We optimized the extraction method of natural rubber by using n-hexane as a solvent for direct extraction. This method allows extracting the maximum amount of rubber from 3‒4-year-old plants. NMR results show structural links of natural isoprene rubber in the root extract sample. There is a clear relationship between methyl, methine and methylene protons which corresponds to isoprene rubber structure. The samples having strongly marked singlets that are inherent for rubber functional groups confirms the stereospecific structure of rubber. Good solubility of the root extract in deuterated chloroform can characterize the low molecular weight of the polymer. NMR characterization of rubber, extracted from S. tau-saghyz roots, is reported for the first time. Regeneration in vitro provides an important opportunity for endemic preservation by rapidly increasing the number of plants. The best regeneration of adventitious shoots was obtained on MS medium containing 5.5 μM kinetin and 0.5 μM NAA. The plants were successfully acclimatized in a glasshouse with 75% of S. tau-saghyz plantlets, respectively surviving after transfer to ex vitro conditions.

Кеnzhe Karim Boguspaev, Svetlana Turasheva, Tulegen Seilkhanov., Dmitriy Faleev, Meirambek Mutalkhanov, Vitaliy Portnoy Rapid rubber extraction and nmr spectroscopy of rubber extracted frоm the endemic species Sсоrzоnеrа tau-saghyz. // Euras chem tech journal. – 2020. - №22. – P. 59-68.

DOI: 10.18321/ectj931

https://doi.org/10.18321/ectj931

     264.      

Isolation and Characterization of Toxic Cyanobacteria from Different Natural Sources

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1134/S000368381707002X

ABSTRACT:

We isolated seven algologically and five bacteriologically pure cultures of toxin-producing cyanobacteria from Turgen gorge (Kazakhstan), Karlovy Vary (Czech Republic), and Shar-Nuur Lake, Bayan Ulgiiregion (Mongolia) springs. According to the Daphnia magna test, Desertifilum sp. and Nostoc sp. strains were the most toxic in the test of isolated strains (complete death of all test organisms was detected after 48 h). These strains possessed the highest inhibitory effect on proliferation of the HeLa cancer cell line. The Anabaena sp. 35 and Nostoc sp. 4 strains were also high toxic. Model strains Synechocystis PCC 6803 and Synechococcus elongates PCC 7942, as well as the strain isolated in the present work, Synechococcus sp. 55, were less toxic. Mass spectrometry made it possible to assign cyanobacterial toxins to cyclic depsipeptides. Two cyclic depsipeptides, micropeptin T and oscillapeptin, were detected in Desertifilum sp. extracts. Cryptophycin and small amounts of cyclic depsipeptide micropeptin SD were detected in Nostoc sp. extract.

K. Bolatkhan, N. R. Akmukhanova, B. K. Zayadan, A. K. Sadvakasova, M. A. Sinetova & D. A. Los.

Isolation and Characterization of Toxic Cyanobacteria from Different Natural Sources.

Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2017, 53(7), стр. 754–760

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1134/S000368381707002X

     265.      

Pseudomonas tarimensis sp. Nov., an endophytic bacteria isolated from Populus euphratica

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.002295

ABSTRACT:

An endophytic bacterium, MA-69T, was isolated from the storage liquid in the stems of Populuseuphratica trees at the ancient Ugan River in Xinjiang, PR China. Strain MA-69T was found to be short rod-shaped, Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic and motile by means of a monopolar flagellum. According to phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain MA-69T was assigned to the genus Pseudomonas with highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97.5% to Pseudomonas azotifigens JCM 12708T, followed by Pseudomonas matsuisoli JCM 30078T (97.5%), Pseudomonas balearica DSM 6083T (97.1%), Azotobacter salinestris ATCC 49674T (96.1%) and Pseudomonas indica DSM 14015T (95.9%). Analysis of strain MA-69T based on the three housekeeping genes, rpoB, rpoD and gyrB, further confirmed the isolate to be distinctly delineated from species of the genus Pseudomonas. The DNA G+C content of strain MA-69T was 64.1 mol%. DNA– DNA hybridization with Pseudomonas azotifigens JCM 12708T, Pseudomonas matsuisoli JCM 30078T and Pseudomonas balearica DSM 6083T revealed 62.9, 60.1 and 49.0% relatedness, respectively. The major fatty acids in strain MA-69T were summed feature 3 (25.7%), summed feature 8 (24.0%), C19: 0cyclo ω8c (19.9%), C16: 0 (14.6%) and C12: 0 (6.3%). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. Q-9 was the major quinone in strain MA-69T. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties, strain MA-69T represents a novel species of the genus Pseudomonas, for which the name Pseudomonas tarimensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MA-69T (=CCTCC AB 2013065T=KCTC 42447T).

Nusratgul Anwar, Manziram Rozahon, Bolatkhan Zayadan, Hormathan Mamtimin, Mehfuzem Abdurahman, Marygul Kurban, Mihribangul Abdurusul, Tursunay Mamtimin, Muhtar Abdukerim, Erkin Rahman.

Pseudomonas tarimensis sp. Nov., an endophytic bacteria isolated from Populus euphratica.

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2017, 67(11), стр. 4372–4378

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.002295

     266.      

Substrate specificity of acyl-lipid Δ9-desaturase from Prochlorothrix hollandica cyanobacterium producing myristoleic acid

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443717040148

ABSTRACT:

Chlorophyll b-containing cyanobacterium Prochlorothrix hollandica is characterized by a high content of esterified fatty acids (FA) with 14 and 16 carbon atoms in the membrane lipids. Depending on the conditions of cultivation, the relative amount of myristic (C14:0) and myristoleic (C14:1) acids can reach 35%, and palmitic (С16:0) and palmitoleic (С16:1) acids can reach 60% of the sum of all fatty acids in cells. Monounsaturated FAs are represented by C14:1, and C16:1 with an olefinic bond presumably located in the Δ9 position. We cloned the gene of acyl-lipid Δ9-desaturase, desC1, from Prochlorothrix hollandica and characterized its specificity to the length of the substrate using the heterologous expression in Escherichia coli cells adding C14:0 or stearic (C18:0) acids as exogenous substrates. The results show that DesC1 Δ9 desaturase generates olefinic bonds in the FAs with a length of 14 to 18 carbon atoms with an approximately equal efficiency. This indicates that the length of the FA chain in P. hollandica is determined by the activity of the FA synthase, and the chain is desaturated at the Δ9 position nonspecifically relatively to its length.

A. Yu. Starikov, A. A. Userbaeva, S. S. Lapina, K. S. Mironov, I. P. Maslova, V. P. Pchelkin, B. K. Zayadan, M. A. Sinetova & D. A. Los.

Substrate specificity of acyl-lipid Δ9-desaturase from Prochlorothrix hollandica cyanobacterium producing myristoleic acid.

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2017, 64(4), стр. 560–565

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443717040148

     267.      

Biofuel production: Challenges and opportunities

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.11.125

ABSTRACT:

It is increasing clear that biofuels can be a viable source of renewable energy in contrast to the finite nature, geopolitical instability, and deleterious global effects of fossil fuel energy. Collectively, biofuels include any energy-enriched chemicals generated directly through the biological processes or derived from the chemical conversion from biomass of prior living organisms. Predominantly, biofuels are produced from photosynthetic organisms such as photosynthetic bacteria, micro- and macro-algae and vascular land plants. The primary products of biofuel may be in a gas, liquid, or solid form. These products can be further converted by biochemical, physical, and thermochemical methods. Biofuels can be classified into two categories: primary and secondary biofuels. The primary biofuels are directly produced from burning woody or cellulosic plant material and dry animal waste. The secondary biofuels can be classified into three generations that are each indirectly generated from plant and animal material. The first generation of biofuels is ethanol derived from food crops rich in starch or biodiesel taken from waste animal fats such as cooking grease. The second generation is bioethanol derived from non-food cellulosic biomass and biodiesel taken from oil-rich plant seed such as soybean or jatropha. The third generation is the biofuels generated from cyanobacterial, microalgae and other microbes, which is the most promising approach to meet the global energy demands. In this review, we present the recent progresses including challenges and opportunities in microbial biofuels production as well as the potential applications of microalgae as a platform of biomass production. Future research endeavors in biofuel production should be placed on the search of novel biofuel production species, optimization and improvement of culture conditions, genetic engineering of biofuel-producing species, complete understanding of the biofuel production mechanisms, and effective techniques for mass cultivation of microorganisms.

M.V.Rodionova, R.S.Poudyal, I.Tiwari, R.A.Voloshina, S.K.Zharmukhamedov, H.G.Nam, B.K.Zayadan, B.D.Bruce, H.J.M.Hou, S.I.Allakhverdiev.

Biofuel production: Challenges and opportunities.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2017, 42(12), стр. 8450–8461

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.11.125

     268.      

Waste-free technology of wastewater treatment to obtain microalgal biomass for biodiesel production

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.12.058

ABSTRACT:

Five axenic cultures of microalgae were isolated from the wastewater of Almaty city and identified as Chlorella vulgaris strain № 1, Chlorella sp. strain № 3, Scenedesmus obliquus, Phormidium foveolarum and Lyngbya limnetica. Among these strains, C. vulgaris strain № 1 was characterized by the maximum growth rate and the highest productivity. Mass cultivation of this strain in wastewater resulted in accumulation of 5 × 107 cells per ml in 16 days, and in the removal of ∼95% of pollutants from water. Cells of C. vulgaris consisted of ∼35% proteins, 29% carbohydrates, 30% lipids, and 6% ash, as calculated on a dry weight basis. The major fatty-acids of C. vulgaris were represented by palmitic, cis-7,10-hexadecenoic acid, linoleic, and α-linolenic acids. Culturing in wastewater decreased the unsaturation index of FAs. Thus, C. vulgaris cells are suitable for both waste water purification and accumulation of biomass for further biodiesel production.

Bolatkhan K.Zayadan, Asemgul K.Sadvakasova, Aizhan A.Usserbayeva, Kenzhegul Bolatkhan, Aizhan M.Baizhigitova, Nurziya R.Akmukhanova, Roman A.Sidorov, Dmitry A.Los.

Waste-free technology of wastewater treatment to obtain microalgal biomass for biodiesel production.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2017, 42(12), стр. 8586–8591

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.12.058

     269.      

Polyphasic characterization of the thermotolerant cyanobacterium Desertifilum sp. strain IPPAS B-1220

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnx027

ABSTRACT:

A cyanobacterial strain from Lake Shar-Nuur, a freshwater lake in Mongolia, was isolated and characterized by a polyphasic approach. According to the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence, this strain (IPPAS B-1220) belongs to a newly described genus Desertifilum. In general, strains of Desertifilum maintain their genetic stability, as seen from the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer sequences from strains collected at distant locations. The newly discovered strain is characterized by an unusual fatty acid composition (16:1Δ7 and 16:2Δ7,10). Analysis of its draft genomic sequence reveals the presence of six genes for the acyl-lipid desaturases: two Δ9-desaturases, desC1 and desC2; two Δ12-desaturases, desA1 and desA2; one desaturase of unknown specificity, desX; and one gene for the bacillary-type desaturase, desG, which supposedly encodes an ω9-desaturase. A scheme for a fatty acid desaturation pathway that describes the biosynthesis of 16:1Δ7 and 16:2Δ7,10 fatty acids in Desertifilum is proposed.

Maria A. Sinetova, Kenzhegul Bolatkhan, Roman A. Sidorov, Kirill S. Mironov, Alexandra N. Skrypnik, Elena V. Kupriyanova, Bolatkhan K. Zayadan, Maria Shumskaya, Dmitry A. Los.

Polyphasic characterization of the thermotolerant cyanobacterium Desertifilum sp. strain IPPAS B-1220.

FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2017, 364(4), стр. 1–10

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnx027

     270.      

Effect of chromate ions on marine microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026261717010052

ABSTRACT:

Effect of chromate ions on the culture of a marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum was studied using an M-PEA-2 fluorimeter, which carries out simultaneous measurement of fluorescence induction and redox transformations of the P700 pigment within a millisecond range. Chromate ions were shown to inhibit electron transport in PS II and decrease the rate of QА reduction. This results in decreased values of the quantum yield of electron transport in PS II (ϕEo) and performance index (PIABS), lower rates of P700 reduction, and increased energy (DI0/RC) and ΔpH-dependent nonphotochemical quenching (qE). Emergence of the slow component of P700 reduction was observed, indicating the activation of cyclic transport in the presence of chromate. Performance index (PIABS), which was the most sensitive parameter, may be recommended for detection of chromate ions at early stages of their toxic action. The fluorescence parameter FO is promising application in biotesting to assess the algal growth rates.

D. T. Gabbasova, D. N. Matorin, I. V. Konyukhov, N. Kh. Seifullina & B. K. Zayadan.

Effect of chromate ions on marine microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

Microbiology (Russian Federation), 2017, 86(1), стр. 64–72

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026261717010052

     271.      

Effect of Fungal Infection with Bipolaris sorokiniana on Photosynthetic Light Reactions in Wheat Analyzed by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0096392518040065

ABSTRACT:

Common root rot is a widespread cereal disease caused by a plant pathogenic fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana. The influence of fungal infection on photosynthetic light reactions in soft wheat has been studied by a simultaneous registration of fast and delayed chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves as well as the redox state of a P700 pigment. In the case of infected plants, the reduction of a quantum yield of electron transport in the photosystem II (ϕE 0 ) and performance index on absorption basis (PI ABS ), as well as the increase of energy dissipation per a reaction center (DI 0 /RC) and ΔpH-dependent nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching (qE), has been observed. A reduction of the induction peak of delayed chlorophyll fluorescence at 10–50 ms has been revealed. Reactions of the photosystem I show a greater resistance to fungal infection as compared with photosystem II. Parameters of chlorophyll a fluorescence induction may be used for the early diagnostics of pathogen-induced changes in the physiological state of plants.

D. N. Matorin, N. P. Timofeev, A. P. Glinushkin, L. B. Bratkovskaja & B. K. Zayadan.

Effect of Fungal Infection with Bipolaris sorokiniana on Photosynthetic Light Reactions in Wheat Analyzed by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin, 2018, 73(4), стр. 203–208

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0096392518040065

     272.      

Substrate Specificity of Acyl-Lipid Δ9-Desaturase from Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200, a Cyanobacterium with Unique Fatty Acid Composition

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1134/S102144371804009X

ABSTRACT:

Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200 is characterized by a high content of rare fatty acids (FAs), both myristic (14:0–30%) and myristoleic (14:1Δ9–10%) in the membrane lipids. Thus, short-chain FAs reach 40% of the sum of all FAs in cells, which is unusual for Cyanobacteria. Monounsaturated palmitoleic acids (16:1Δ9) also reach 40% of the sum of the FAs. We determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of this cyanobacterium and found the only gene for the acyl-lipid Δ9-desaturase, desC1. We cloned this gene and characterized its specificity to the length of the substrate using heterologous expression in Escheriсhia coli. The results show that DesC1 nonspecifically generates olefin bond in FAs with a length of 14, 16, and 18 carbon atoms. This finding confirms that all monoesterifed FAs in Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200 are generated by one acyl-lipid Δ9-desaturase.

A. Yu. Starikov, A. A. Usserbaeva, K. S. Mironov, R. A. Sidorov, B. K. Zayadan, V. S. Bedbenov, M. A. Sinetova & D. A. Los.

Substrate Specificity of Acyl-Lipid Δ9-Desaturase from Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200, a Cyanobacterium with Unique Fatty Acid Composition.

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2018, 65(4), стр. 490–497

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1134/S102144371804009X

     273.      

Draft genome sequences of two thermotolerant cyanobacterial strains isolated from hot springs

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.01548-17

ABSTRACT:

We report here two draft cyanobacterial genome sequences, those of Cyanobacterium aponinum IPPAS B-1201, isolated from a hot spring in the Turgen Gorge (Kazakhstan), and the uncharacterized cyanobacterium IPPAS B-1203, isolated from a hot spring in Karlovy Vary (Czech Republic). These two strains were deposited at the Collection of Microalgae (IPPAS) of the Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology.

A. Yu. Starikov, A. A. Usserbaeva, K. S. Mironov, R. A. Sidorov, B. K. Zayadan, V. S. Bedbenov, M. A. Sinetova & D. A. Los.

Draft genome sequences of two thermotolerant cyanobacterial strains isolated from hot springs.

Genome Announcements, 2018, 6(5), e01548-17

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.01548-17

     274.      

Screening Of Isolated And Collection Strains Of Cyanobacteria On Productivity For Determining Their Biotechnological Potential | Биотехнологиядағы Потенциалын Анықтау Мақсатында Цианобактериялардың Бөлініп Алынған Жəне Коллекциялы Қ Штамдарын Өнімділігі Бойынша Сұрыптау

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26577/EJE-2018-2-823

ABSTRACT:

Cyanobacteria produce a wide range of metabolites, such as proteins, carbohydrates, carotenoids, vitamins and lipids which can be used as potential food sources for human and animals, in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries and also as energy source. It is known that the technology of using cyanobacteria as fuel raw materials makes one of the central places among the approaches of modern alternative energy. To date, the possibility of using cyanobacteria in wastewater treatment with the further use of biomass for obtaining biodiesel fuel is being considered. For their application in biotechnology the strain screening for producers is needed. Prospectivity of types and species for use in biotechnology is firstly determined by their productivity. The article presents data of screening of collection and isolated strains of cyanobacteria: Cyanobacterium sp. B-1200, Cyanobacterium aponium IPPAS B-1201, Synechococcus elongatus 7942, Anabaena variabilis R-I-5 and Nostoc calsicola RI-3. Comparative analysis of constant fluorescence indices, cell growth rate and accumulation of dry weight in cyanobacteria was carried out. Thus, as a result of investigations, the greatest optical density was noted in Anabaena variabilis R-I-5 strains (1,191) and Cyanobacterium sp. B-1200 (1,281). Fluorescence indices also confirmed the high photosynthetic activity of cyanobacteria Cyanobacterium sp. B-1200 (26101 rel.un.) and Anabaena variabilis R-I-5 (25054 rel.un). Also, investigated strains Anabaena variabilis R-I-5 and Cyanobacterium aponium IPPAS B-1201 were characterized by relatively high biomass accumulation – 1,19 g/l и 1,36 g/l correspondingly. According to obtained data, it was established that cyanobacteria Cyanobacterium sp. B-1200 and Anabaena variabilis R-I-5 have a relatively high values of growth rate, fluorescence and biomass yield which determine their high productivity. Thus, in the result of screening strains Cyanobacterium stanieri B-1 and Anabaena variabilis R-I-5 were selected for further investigations of their physiological and biochemical properties with the purpose to determine potential producers of valuable metabolites for biotechnology.

Zayadan B., Usserbayeva A., Bolatkhan K., Akmukhanova N., Kossalbayev B., Baizhigitova A., Los D.

Screening Of Isolated And Collection Strains Of Cyanobacteria On Productivity For Determining Their Biotechnological Potential | Биотехнологиядағы Потенциалын Анықтау Мақсатында Цианобактериялардың Бөлініп Алынған Жəне Коллекциялы Қ Штамдарын Өнімділігі Бойынша Сұрыптау.

European Journal of Entomology, 2018, 55(2), стр. 121–130

DOI:

10.26577/EJE-2018-2-823

     275.      

Consortium of Higher Aquatic Plants and Microalgae Designed to Purify Sewage of Heavy Metal Ions

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443718010028

ABSTRACT:

We selected higher aquatic plants (HAP) and microalgae possessing a high sorption capacity in respect to heavy metals to form a consortium designed to purify contaminated aquatic ecosystems. Accumulation of heavy metals Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+ was investigated in plants Pistia stratiotes, Elodea canadensis, and Lemna minor and green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris ВВ-2, Ankistrodesmus sp. ВI-1, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii В-4, and Scеnеdеsmus quadricauda В-1. It was found that intense accumulation of metals occurs in cultures of HAP Pistia stratiotes and Elodea canadensis. These plants are macroconcentrators of zinc, lead, and copper and microconcentrators of cadmium. Out of the examined cultures of microalgae, effective bioaccumulators of heavy metals were C. vulgaris ВВ-2 and Ankistrodesmus sp. ВI-1. It was shown that heavy metals are selectively taken up from the medium in the series Zn2+ CloseSPigtSPi Cu2+ CloseSPigtSPi Cd2+ CloseSPigtSPi Pb2+. In order to produce a consortium of higher aquatic plants and microalgae for purification of polluted aquatic ecosystems, we investigated interaction of HAP P. stratiotes and E. canadensis with microalgae C. vulgaris ВВ-2 and Ankistrodesmus sp. ВI-1 in the course of their cocultivation. Neutral relations were detected between the cells of microalgae C. vulgaris ВВ-2 and Ankistrodesmus sp. ВI-1 and HAP E. canadensis. At the same time, the cells of Ankistrodesmus sp. ВI-1 and HAP P. stratiotes formed a symbiosis. Microscopic examination showed numerous points where the cells of microalgae Ankistrodesmus sp. ВI-1 were attached to the roots of P. stratiotes plants. We tested an opportunity to employ the association between P. stratiotes and Ankistrodesmus sp. ВI-1 for purification of simulated wastewater polluted with heavy metal ions. This consortium proved to be capable of eliminating contaminants from the sewage, reducing their level in the sewage to standard values, and active accumulation of heavy metal ions.

N. R. Akmukhanova, B. K. Zayadan, A. K. Sadvakasova, K. Bolatkhan & M. O. Bauenova.

Consortium of Higher Aquatic Plants and Microalgae Designed to Purify Sewage of Heavy Metal Ions.

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2018, 65(1), стр. 143–149

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443718010028

     276.      

Diversity and degradative capabilities of bacteria and fungi isolated from oil-contaminated and hydrocarbon-polluted soils in Kazakhstan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-10032-9

ABSTRACT:

Deficiency of metals, primarily Fe and Zn, affects over half of the world’s population. Human diets dominated by cereal products cause micronutrient malnutrition, which is common in many developing countries where populations depend heavily on staple grain crops such as wheat, maize, and rice. Biofortification is one of the most effective approaches to alleviate malnutrition. Genetically stable mutant spring wheat lines (M₇ generation) produced via 100 or 200 Gy gamma treatments to broaden genetic variation for grain nutrients were analyzed for nutritionally important minerals (Ca, Fe, and Zn), their bioavailability, and grain protein content (GPC). Variation was 172.3–883.0 mg/kg for Ca, 40.9–89.0 mg/kg for Fe, and 22.2–89.6 mg/kg for Zn. In mutant lines, among the investigated minerals, the highest increases in concentrations were observed in Fe, Zn, and Ca when compared to the parental cultivar Zhenis. Some mutant lines, mostly in the 100 Gy-derived germplasm, had more than two-fold higher Fe, Zn, and Ca concentrations, lower phytic acid concentration (1.4–2.1-fold), and 6.5–7% higher grain protein content compared to the parent. Variation was detected for the molar ratios of Ca:Phy, Phy:Fe, and Phy:Zn (1.27–10.41, 1.40–5.32, and 1.78–11.78, respectively). The results of this study show how genetic variation generated through radiation can be useful to achieve nutrient biofortification of crops to overcome human malnutrition.

Annett Mikolasch, Madliene Donath, Anne Reinhard, Christiane Herzer, Bolatkhan Zayadan, Tim Urich & Frieder Schauer.

Diversity and degradative capabilities of bacteria and fungi isolated from oil-contaminated and hydrocarbon-polluted soils in Kazakhstan.

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2019, 103(17), стр. 7261–7274

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-10032-9

     277.      

Hydrogen production from phototrophic microorganisms: Reality and perspectives

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.092

ABSTRACT:

Hydrogen is a promising alternative to fossil fuel for a source of clean energy due to its high energy content. Some strains of phototrophic microorganisms are known as important object of scientific research and they are being explored to raise biohydrogen (BioH2) yield. BioH2 is still not commonly used in industrial area because of the low biomass yield and valuable down streaming process. This article deals with the methods of the hydrogen production with the help of two large groups of phototrophic microorganisms – microalgae and cyanobacteria. Microalgal hydrogen is environmentally friendly alternative to conventional fossil fuels. Algal biomass has been considered as an attractive raw source for hydrogen production. Genetic modified strains of cyanobacteria are used as a perspective object for obtaining hydrogen. The modern photobioreactors and outdoor air systems have been used to obtain the biomass used for hydrogen production. At present time a variety of immobilization matrices and methods are being examined for their suitability to make immobilized H2 producers.

Kenzhegul Bolatkhan, Bekzhan D.Kossalbayev, Bolatkhan K.Zayadan, TatsuyaTomo, T. Nejat Veziroglu, Suleyman I.Allakhverdiev.

Hydrogen production from phototrophic microorganisms: Reality and perspectives.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2019, 44(12), стр. 5799–5811

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.092

     278.      

Search for new strains of microalgae-producers of lipids from natural sources for biodiesel production

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.093

ABSTRACT:

Biomass of high-yielding strains of phototrophic microorganisms actively accumulating lipids is a promising non-traditional raw material for bioenergy including the production of biodiesel. In this study, we present results of searching for new strains of microalgae-producers of lipids from hot springs. Within the framework of research, the primary screening of water for the presence of lipid - accumulative microalgae was carried out with the help of qualitative reaction with lipid-specific dyes, as well as 5 axenic isolates of microalgae with stable growth were identified in the laboratory and their productivity and fatty acid composition were studied. The isolated strains were identified as Chlorella vulgaris sp-1, Ankistrodesmus sp-21, Scеnеdеsmus obliquus sp-21, Chlorella pyrenoidosa sp-13 and Chlamydomonas sp-22. The obtained data showed that the isolated strains determined by biomass in the range 1.3 g/l to 1.81 g/l. As a result of the research, it was established that the highest content of lipids was observed in the strains Chlorella vulgaris sp-1 and Scеnеdеsmus obliquus sp-21, which is 28.7 and 29.8% of the cell dry weight, respectively. The analysis of the fatty acid composition of the cells showed that the largest mass fraction of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids was found in strain Scеnеdеsmus obliquus sp-21 - 61.9%. In the result, Scеnеdеsmus obliquus sp-21 strain isolated from thermal sources was selected as a promising candidate for biodiesel production.

Asemgul K.Sadvakasova, Nurziya R.Akmukhanova, Kenzhegul Bolatkhan, Bolatkhan K.Zayadan, Aizhan A.Usserbayeva, Meruert O.Bauenova, Akbota E.Akhmetkaliyeva, Suleyman I.Allakhverdiev.

Search for new strains of microalgae-producers of lipids from natural sources for biodiesel production.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2019, 44(12), стр. 5844–5853

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.093

     279.      

Assessment of biotechnological potential of cyanobacteria and microalgae strainsfrom IPPAS culture collection | Характеристика биотехнологического потенциала штаммов цианобактерий и микроводорослей коллекции IPPAS

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21519/0234-2758-2019-35-3-12-29

ABSTRACT:

A search for strains capable of simultaneously producing high amounts of several biologically valuable compounds and/or having high biomass productivity has been carried out. The growth characteristics and biochemical composition of 12 microalgae and cyanobacteria strains from the IPPAS Collection in the exponential and stationary growth phases were studied. All the strains had high growth rates (doubling time 6-22 h). The strains of Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200, Chlorella sp. IPPAS C-1210, Nannochloris sp. IPPAS C-1509, Cyanidium caldarium IPPAS P-510 and Vischeria sp. IPPAS H-242 demonstrated the highest biotechnological potential and can be used for the production of various types of biofuel, pigments, feed and food additives, including those with high content of eicosapentaenoic (20:5 Δ5,8,11,14,17) acid content.

M.A. Sinetova, R.A. Sidorov, A.Yu. Starikov, A.S. Voronkov, A.S. Medvedeva, Z.V. Krivova, M.S. Pakholkova, D.V. Bachin, V.S. Bedbenov, D.A. Gabrielyan, B.K. Zayadan, K. Bolatkhan, D.A. Los1.

Assessment of biotechnological potential of cyanobacteria and microalgae strainsfrom IPPAS culture collection | Характеристика биотехнологического потенциала штаммов цианобактерий и микроводорослей коллекции IPPAS.

Biotekhnologiya, 2019, 35(3), стр. 12–29

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21519/0234-2758-2019-35-3-12-29

     280.      

Draft genome sequences of a putative prokaryotic consortium (IPPAS B-1204) consisting of a cyanobacterium (leptolyngbya sp.) and an alphaproteobacterium (Porphyrobacter sp.)

DOI: 

https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.01637-18 

ABSTRACT:

A new presumably simple consortium of a Leptolyngbya sp. and a Porphyrobacter sp. was isolated from Tolbo Lake in Mongolia. The draft genome sequences of both species are reported. The consortium has been deposited in the Collection of Microalgae and Cyanobacteria of the Institute of Plant Physiology, Moscow, Russia, under the accession number IPPAS B-1204.

Kirill S. Mironov, Pavel A. Leusenko, Vera V.Ustinova, Kenzhegul Bolatkhan,  Bolatkhan K. Zayadan, Elena V. Kupriyanova, Maria Shumskaya,  Maria A. Sinetova, and Dmitry A.Los

Draft genome sequences of a putative prokaryotic consortium (IPPAS B-1204) consisting of a cyanobacterium (leptolyngbya sp.) and an alphaproteobacterium (Porphyrobacter sp.)

Microbiology Resource Announcements, 2019, 8(15), e01637-18

DOI: 

https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.01637-18

     281.      

Prospects for the creation of a waste-free technology for wastewater treatment and utilization of carbon dioxide based on cyanobacteria for biodiesel production

DOI: 

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.10.010

ABSTRACT:

Current fresh water and energy shortage determines the need to study the possibilities of using living objects in bioenergy and environmental purification technologies. The development of waste-free technologies allows waste recycling, which saves raw materials and energy, in turn, reducing waste generation. The effect of different carbon dioxide concentrations and wastewater from households on the growth of cyanobacteria was studied in order to determine their capabilities in the purification processes. It was found that the optimal CO2 concentration for the cultivation of cyanobacteria Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200 and Desertifilum sp. IPPAS B-1220 was 10 %, and for the Cyanobacterium aponinum IPPAS B-1201 – 5%. It was revealed that the cultivation of the cyanobacterium Cyanobacterium sp. IPPASB-1200 on wastewater from the water storage reduces the concentration of organic pollutants and, accordingly, improves the physicochemical properties of water. The cleaning percentage for selected pollutants was 68–100 %. It was shown that the most optimal ratio of wastewater to nutrient media for cyanobacteria cultivation were 25:75 and 50:50. The lipid content (%/dry weight) in the biomass of the studied strains of cyanobacteria ranges from 15 to 22% after cultivation in wastewater. It was determined that the strains of Cyanobacterium genus were the most suitable for the production of biodiesel according to their fatty acids composition. It was determined that lipids were composed of only saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. As a result of the studies, the optimal conditions for the growth of Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200 were determined. This microorganism has a good potential to produce biodiesel as a producer of saturated and monounsaturated middle-chain-length fatty acids.

Kenzhegul Bolatkhan, Assem K.Sadvakasova, Bolatkhan K.Zayadan, Ardak B.Kakimova, Fariza K.Sarsekeyeva, Bekzhan D.Kossalbayev, Ayshat M.Bozieva, Saleh Alwasel, Suleyman I.Allakhverdiev.

Prospects for the creation of a waste-free technology for wastewater treatment and utilization of carbon dioxide based on cyanobacteria for biodiesel production.

Journal of Biotechnology, 2020, 324, стр. 162–170

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.10.010

     282.      

Assessment of the Biotechnological Potential of Cyanobacterial and Microalgal Strains from IPPAS Culture Collection

DOI: 

https://doi.org/10.1134/S0003683820070030

ABSTRACT:

A search for strains capable of the simultaneous production of high amounts of several biologically valuable compounds and/or high biomass productivity has been carried out. The growth characteristics and biochemical composition of 12 microalgal and cyanobacterial strains from the IPPAS Collection were studied at the exponential and stationary growth phases. All of the strains had high growth rates (a doubling time of 6–22 h). The strains Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200, Chlorella sp. IPPAS C-1210, Nannochloris sp. IPPAS C-1509, Cyanidium caldarium IPPAS P-510, and Vischeria sp. IPPAS H-242 demonstrated the highest biotechnological potential and can be used for the production of various types of biofuel, pigments, and feed and food additives, including those with a high content of eicosapentaenoic acid (20 : 5 Δ5, 8,11, 14, 17).

Sinetova M.A., Sidorov R.A., Starikov A.Y.. Voronkov A.S., Medvedeva A.S.. Krivova Z.V., Pakholkova M.S, Bachin D.V., Bedbenov V.S, Gabrielyan D.A., Zayadan B.K, Bolatkhan K

Assessment of the Biotechnological Potential of Cyanobacterial and Microalgal Strains from IPPAS Culture Collection.                                                       Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2020, 56(7), стр. 794–808     DOI:                                                          https://doi.org/10.1134/S0003683820070030

     283.      

Bioprocesses of hydrogen production by cyanobacteria cells and possible ways to increase their productivity

DOI: 

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110054

ABSTRACT:

Due to the depletion and increasing cost of fossil fuels, the production of cyanobacteria-based hydrogen as eco-friendly and renewable energy for the future seems promising. The paper describes the current state of research in the field of hydrogen yield by cyanobacteria. The use of cyanobacteria as potential producers of hydrogen is particularly relevant and beneficial as they form hydrogen from water as a result of solar energy conversion. However, production is a complex biotechnological process, and the main obstacle is the low ability of cyanobacteria to produce hydrogen. The prospects for the development of cyanobacterium-based hydrogen energy can be improved by a complex approach of increasing hydrogen productivity by cyanobacteria cells. First of all, it is the achievement of genetic engineering, the construction of genetic mutants of cyanobacteria with great potential in hydrogen production, followed by a correctly chosen metabolic approach to increase its yield and the development of innovative methods of their cultivation. Thus, the widespread adoption of this technology requires additional R&D with large investments.

Asemgul K.Sadvakasova, Bekzhan D.Kossalbayev, Bolatkhan K.Zayadan, Kenzhegul Bolatkhan, Saleh Alwasel, Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour, Tatsuya Tomo, Suleyman I.Allakhverdiev.

Bioprocesses of hydrogen production by cyanobacteria cells and possible ways to increase their productivity.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2020, 133, 110054

DOI: 

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110054

     284.      

Effect of Cadmium Ions on Some Biophysical Parameters and Ultrastructure of Ankistrodesmus sp. В-11 Cells

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443720040196

ABSTRACT:

Effects of low concentrations of cadmium ions on growth, photosynthesis, and cell ultrastructure of microalga Ankistrodesmus sp. B-11 were investigated. The addition of cadmium to growth medium at concentrations of 0.005–0.02 mg/L led to a significant decrease in the number of Ankistrodesmus sp. B-11 cells relatively to that in the untreated culture. The addition of cadmium at concentrations >0.05 mg/L completely stopped cell growth. Cadmium ions induced ultrastructural changes in the arrangement of thylakoids within the stroma, the detachment of thylakoid membranes with the formation of void interthylakoid spaces, and a significant increase in vacuolization of microalgal cells. Simultaneous measurements of fluorescence induction curves and redox transformations of photosystem I components on a microsecond time scale by means of a M‑PEA-2 fluorometer revealed that cadmium ions inhibit electron transport in photosystem II (PSII). The quantum yield of electron transport in PSII (φEo) and the performance index (PIABS) were found to decrease; the photoreduction of P700 pigment was decelerated, while energy dissipation (DI0/RC) and ΔpH-dependent nonphotochemical quenching (qE) increased significantly under the action of cadmium. The performance index (PIABS) was the most sensitive parameter; it can be used for the detection of early toxic effects of cadmium ions on algae.

B. K. Zayadan,  A. K. Sadvakasova,  D.N. Matorin,  N. R. Akmukhanova, 

M. Kokocinski,  N. P. Timofeev,  Kh.Balouch &  M. O. Bauenova.

Effect of Cadmium Ions on Some Biophysical Parameters and Ultrastructure of Ankistrodesmus sp. В-11 Cells.

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology volume 67, pages 845–854 (2020).

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443720040196

     285.      

Determination of the potential of cyanobacterial strains for hydrogen production

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.11.164

ABSTRACT:

Hydrogen (H2) is a renewable, abundant, and nonpolluting source of energy. Photosynthetic organisms capture sunlight very efficiently and convert it into organic molecules. Cyanobacteria produce H2 by breaking down organic compounds and water. In this study, biological H2 was produced from various strains of cyanobacteria. Moreover, H2 accumulation by Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 was as high as 0.037 μmol/mg Chl/h within 120 h in the dark. The wild-type, filamentous, non-heterocystous cyanobacterium Desertifilum sp. IPPAS B-1220 was found to produce a maximum of 0.229 μmol/mg Chl/h in the gas phase within 166 h in the light, which was on par with the maximum yield reported in the literature. DCMU at 10 μM increased H2 production by Desertifilum sp. IPPAS B-1220 by 1.5-fold to 0.348 μmol H2/mg Chl/h. This is the first report on the capability of Desertifilum cyanobacterium to produce H2.

Bekzhan D.Kossalbayev, Tatsuya Tomo, Bolatkhan K.Zayadan, Asemgul K.Sadvakasova, Kenzhegul Bolatkhan, Saleh Alwasel, Suleyman I.Allakhverdiev.

Determination of the potential of cyanobacterial strains for hydrogen production.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2020, 45(4), стр. 2627–2639

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.11.164

     286.      

Potential of microalgae Parachlorella kessleri Bh-2 as bioremediation agent of heavy metals cadmium and chromium

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2021.102463

ABSTRACT:

The basis of biological remediation basically refers to environmentally friendly methods of extracting various xenobiotics, including heavy metals, from the wastewater of various industrial facilities, using the biochemical capabilities of naturally occurring organisms or their metabolites. In this regard, the assessment of the contribution of microalgae to the transformation of heavy metal compounds and the detoxification of the natural environment is very important and necessary. This paper presents an investigation of the effect of different concentrations of cadmium Cd2+ and chromium Cr2O72− ions on the survival and ultrastructure of microalgae cells of Parachlorella kessleri Bh-2 and its ability to accumulate these metals in order to determine its bioremediational potential against these metals. It was determined that the culture of Parachlorella kessleri Bh-2 is resistant to concentrations of cadmium (0.3 mg l−1) and chromium (30 mg l−1) ions. It was found that heavy metals in these concentrations are actively transported through the cell membrane and accumulate in the cytoplasm of cells, causing an increase in the number of vacuoles with electron-dense deposits, granulation of the cytoplasm and an increase in the number of starch grains in the microalgae cells. Analysis of the content of total polysaccharides showed a noticeable increase in the concentration of polysaccharides by of exposure to concentrations of Cd (II) - 0,3 mg l−1 and Cr (VI) - 30 mg l−1.

Meruert O.Bauenova, Assemgul K.Sadvakasova, Zhuldyz O.Mustapayeva, Mikołaj Kokociński, Bolatkhan K.Zayadan, Maria Katarzyn, Wojciechowicz, Huma Balouch, Nurziya R.Akmukhanova, Saleh Alwasel, Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev, 2021. Potential of microalgae Parachlorella kessleri Bh-2 as bioremediation agent of heavy metals cadmium and chromium Algal Research, Volume 59, November 2021,102463

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2021.102463

     287.      

Potential of cyanobacteria in the conversion of wastewater to biofuels

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-021-03107-1

ABSTRACT:

Environmental and energy security has now become a serious global problem, requiring a lot of research to find and implement its cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternatives. The development and use of renewable energy sources is necessary and important in order to avoid the emergence of a global economic crisis. One of the solution to prevent a future crisis caused by energy shortages is to introduce biofuels into the fuel market. Despite the fact that various forms of renewable energy are currently used, the prospects for the production of biofuels from cyanobacteria are quite high due to their unique properties, such as a high lipid content and a suitable fatty acid (FA) composition for the production of biofuels, their suitability for growing open water and the ability to grow on wastewater. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential of cyanobacteria in the conversion of wastewater into biofuels. The article covers comparative data on the accumulation of lipids and the content of fatty acids in various representatives of cyanobacteria and their possibilities in the remediation of wastewater. Various approaches to the extraction of lipids from phototrophic microorganisms that are currently available, their advantages and disadvantages, and the results of the monitoring of the main key points of the development of the technology for converting cyanobacterial biomass into biofuels, with an emphasis on the existing barriers, effects and solutions, are also considered. Further research in this field is required for the successful implementation of this technology on an industrial scale. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

Asemgul K. Sadvakasova, Bekzhan D. Kossalbayev, Bolatkhan K. Zayadan, Dariga K. Kirbayeva, Saleh Alwasel & Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev.

Potential of cyanobacteria in the conversion of wastewater to biofuels.

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2021, 37(8), 140

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-021-03107-1